不同氮含量焊丝熔化极气体保护焊高氮钢的微观组织与力学性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.06.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同氮含量焊丝对高氮钢焊缝组织性能的影响，采用自制的0.46［N］、0.61［N］、0.84［N］3种不同氮含量焊丝进行高氮钢熔化极气体保护焊焊接工艺试验。测试分析3种成分焊丝焊缝的固氮效果、气孔倾向、微观组织及力学性能。结果表明：随着焊丝氮含量的增加，焊缝氮含量升高，气孔倾向也增大；3种焊丝焊缝组织均由奥氏体+铁素体组成，焊缝组织形态主要取决于焊缝的凝固模式，由焊缝中的各种合金元素共同作用决定；焊缝力学性能主要受铁素体含量及其分布的影响，铁素体含量越高且呈沿晶分布，焊缝硬度、强度越高，韧性越差；当焊缝凝固模式为奥氏体凝固模式、奥氏体-铁素体凝固模式时，焊缝氮含量越高，焊缝拉伸性能越好；气孔缺陷主要影响焊缝的冲击韧性，气孔增多，焊缝冲击韧性下降。

关键词: 高氮钢焊丝, 熔化极气体保护焊, 氮含量, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract: In order to study the structures and properties of high-nitrogen steel welds with different nitrogen content welding wires, three kinds of welding wires with different nitrogen contents of 0.46［N］,0.61［N］ and 0.84［N］ were used in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) tests of high-nitrogen steel, and the nitrogen fixation effect, porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties of the welds were tested and analyzed. The results show that, as the nitrogen content of welding wire increases, the nitrogen content of weld increases, and the porosity tendency increases; the microstructures of three welding wires are composed of austenite and ferrite, the microstructure of weld is mainly determined by the solidification mode of weld, which is determined by the joint action of various alloying elements in the weld; and the mechanical properties of welds are mainly affected by the content and distribution of ferrite. The higher the ferrite content and the distribution along the grain are, the higher the hardness and strength of the weld are, and the worse the toughness is. When the weld solidification mode is A or AF, the nitrogen content of the weld is higher, the tensile property of the weld is better. The pore defect mainly affects the impact toughness of the weld, and the increase in pores reduces the impact toughness of the weld.

Key words: high-nitrogensteelweldingwire, gasmetalarcwelding, nitrogencontent, microstructuremechanicalpropertiy, mechnicalproperty

中图分类号:

TG422.3

马良超, 王大锋, 马冰, 陈东高, 张迎迎. 不同氮含量焊丝熔化极气体保护焊高氮钢的微观组织与力学性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(6): 1303-1311.

MA Liangchao, WANG Dafeng, MA Bing, CHEN Donggao, ZHANG Yingying. Microstructure and Mechanical Property of High-nitrogen Steel with GMAW Welding Wires with Different Nitrogen Contents[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(6): 1303-1311.

参考文献

［1］ STEIN G, HUCKLENBROICH I. Manufacturing and applications of high nitrogen steels[J]. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2004,19(1): 7-17.
[2］ KAPUTKINA L M, SVAZHIN A G, SMARYGINA I V, et al. Corrosion and cavitation resistance of high-strength austenitic nitrogen stainless steels in seawater[J]. Steel in Translation, 2019, 49(1): 13-19.
[3］ BAYOUMI F M, GHANEM W A. Effect of nitrogen on the corrosion behavior of austenitic stainless steel in chloride solutions[J]. Materials Letters, 2005, 59(26): 3311-3314.
[4］ LI J, LI H, LIANG Y, et al. The microstructure and mechanical properties of multi-strand, composite welding-wire welded joints of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel[J]. Materials, 2019, 12(18): 2944.
[5］ HOSSEINI V A, WESSMAN S, HURTIG K, et al. Nitrogen loss and effects on microstructure in multipass TIG welding of a super duplex stainless steel[J]. Materials & Design, 2016, 98: 88-97.
[6］胡秋月. 铬镍奥氏体不锈钢的焊接质量问题及对策[J]. 装备制造技术, 2016(3): 109-110.
HU Q Y .Welding quality problems and countermeasures of chromium nickel austenitic stainless steel[J]. Equipment Manufacturing Technology, 2016(3): 109-110.（in Chinese）
[7］荆皓, 王克鸿, 强伟，等. 氮含量对高氮钢PMIG焊接头组织和性能的影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2017, 38(4):95-98.
JING H, WANG K H, QIANG W, et al. Influence of N-content on microstructure and mechanical properties of PMIG welding joints of high nitrogen steel[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2017, 38(4):95-98. （in Chinese）
[8］ KAMIYA O, CHEN Z W, KIKUCHI Y. Microporosity formation in partially melted zone during welding of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2002, 37(12):2475-2481.
[9］ ZHAO L, TIAN Z L, PENG Y, et al. Influence of nitrogen and heat input on weld metal of gas tungsten arc welded high nitrogen steel[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International, 2007, 14(5):259-262.
[10］刘昂. 高氮钢MIG焊焊缝增氮及接头组织性能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
LIU A. Research of adding nitrogen to welded metal and microstructure and properties of high nitrogen steel MIG welded joint[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2015. （in Chinese）
[11] 颜泽钢. 高氮奥氏体不锈钢氮氩混合气保焊焊接工艺试验研究[D]. 南京：南京理工大学，2016.
YAN Z G. Researching on welding process of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with N-Ar mixed protecting gas[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology，2016.（in Chinese）
[12］崔博, 张宏, 刘双宇, 等. 高氮钢复合焊接接头氮含量和气孔控制方法研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019,40(11):2311-2318.
CUI B, ZHANG H, LIU S Y, et al. Research on control method of nitrogen content and porosity in hybrid welding joint of high nitrogen steel[J].Acta Armamentarii, 2019,40(11):2311-2318. （in Chinese）
[13］明珠，王克鸿，王伟，等. 焊丝含氮量及焊接电流对高氮钢焊缝组织和性能影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2019, 40(1): 104-108.
MING Z, WANG K H, WANG W, et al. Effects of nitrogen content and welding current on microstructure and properties of the weld of high nitrogen austenite steel[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2019, 40(1):104-108. （in Chinese）
[14］明珠，王克鸿，王伟，等. 冷却速率对高氮钢焊缝组织和性能的影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2019, 40(10): 31-35.
MING Z, WANG K H, WANG W, et al. Effect of cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high nitrogen stainless steel weld metal [J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2019, 40(10):31-35.（in Chinese）
[15］辛秀成. 复合焊接的焊丝氮元素熔池过渡机理研究[D].长春：长春理工大学,2018.
XIN X C. Effect of the different nitrogen content in welding wire on microstructure and mechanism for hybrid welding[D].Changchun：Changchun University of Science and Technology, 2018. （in Chinese）
[16］ WOO I, KIKUCHI Y. Weldability of high nitrogen stainless steels[J]. ISIJ International, 2002, 42(12): 1334-1343.
[17］ SCHINO A D, MECOZZI M G, BARTERI M, et al. Solidification mode and residual ferrite in low-Ni austenitic stainless steels[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2000, 35(2):375-380.

[1]	李彬，谢新，唐文勇，陶江平，孙宜强，张辉. 基于近似模型的复合材料导管支臂结构性能分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(6): 1435-1446.
[2]	孔国强，王康，于秋兵，李莹，魏化震，邵蒙，毕卫东，刘本学, 尹磊，孙晓冬. 气凝胶改性石英纤维增强有机硅透波复合材料性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(2): 442-450.
[3]	宁子轩，王琳，程兴旺，程焕武，周哲，张斌斌，王芳，陈东萍. 微观组织对Ti6321钛合金靶板爆炸断裂失效的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(7): 1506-1515.
[4]	沈浩，蔡杰，吕鹏，张从林，李玉新，关庆丰. 激光工艺参数对NiCoCrAlYSi熔覆层微观组织及性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(7): 1524-1534.
[5]	刘强，陈鹏万，苏健军，李芝绒，张玉磊. 碳化硅与聚脲纳米复合材料拉伸力学性能和本构模型[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(6): 1238-1249.
[6]	李东伟，苗飞超，张向荣，熊国松，周霖，赵双双. 2，4-二硝基苯甲醚基不敏感熔注炸药动态力学性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(11): 2344-2349.
[7]	黄竣皓, 王琳, 刘小品, 徐雪峰, 刘安晋, Tayyeb Ali, 周哲, 宁子轩, 杨佳彬, 张斌斌, 程兴旺. Ti-6321钛合金力学性能和抗弹性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(1): 124-132.
[8]	梁嘉昕，王迎春，程兴旺，李壮，李树奎. 形变热处理对中碳Cr-Ni-W-Mo钢组织及力学性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(9): 1904-1912.
[9]	徐宝池，石必坤，樊黎霞，杨晨，扶云峰，董雪花. 冷径向锻造身管壁厚方向变形不均匀性研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(1): 13-20.
[10]	郭瑞奇，任辉启，张磊，龙志林，吴祥云，徐翔云，李泽斌，黄魁. 分离式大直径Hopkinson杆实验技术研究进展[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(7): 1518-1536.
[11]	高玉波，秦国华，张伟，宜晨虹，邓勇军. TiB₂-B₄C复合陶瓷动态压缩特性研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(11): 2304-2310.
[12]	崔博，张宏，刘双宇，刘凤德. 高氮钢复合焊接接头氮含量和气孔控制方法研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(11): 2311-2318.
[13]	杭贵云，余文力，王涛，王金涛，苗爽. 奥克托今/3-硝基-1，2，4-三唑-5-酮共晶炸药晶体缺陷的分子动力学研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(1): 49-57.
[14]	李军宝，李伟兵，程伟，王晓鸣，李文彬，洪晓文. 铝粉/橡胶复合材料力学性能与本构模型研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(6): 1186-1194.
[15]	石岩，刘东炜，刘佳，李凌宇. 硬脆钢50SiMnVB激光预控裂纹工艺试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(10): 1997-2005.