弹道明胶动态力学性能试验与本构模型研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0449

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 弹道明胶被广泛用作生物医学和终点弹道中的软组织模拟物，其动态力学特性的准确测试一直是创伤弹道学领域重点关注的话题。为解决明胶材料在动态测试中出现的透射信号微弱、非均匀变形等问题，霍普金森压杆装置选用铝合金压杆搭配半导体应变片，同时采用波形整形技术及薄片试样等手段，开展4 ℃环境下浓度10%和20%弹道明胶的动态力学性能试验。试验结果表明：明胶的动态力学响应呈非线性，应力-应变曲线由弹性段及3个塑性强化段组成；应力动态增加因子与归一化应变率的对数呈线性关系；考虑应变率效应的多项式本构模型可较好地描述明胶在高应变率下的力学行为。研究成果可为轻武器杀伤元侵彻明胶靶标的数值仿真工作提供支撑。

关键词: 弹道明胶, 低阻抗材料, 霍普金森压杆, 动态力学性能, 本构模型

Abstract: Ballistic gelatine is widely employed as a soft tissue simulant in biomedical applications and terminal ballistics. The accurate measurement of the dynamic mechanical properties of ballistic gelatine has been a topic of great interest in wound ballistics. To solve the problems of weak transmission signal and non-uniform deformation of gelatine materials during dynamic testing, the Hopkinson pressure bar device is equipped with aluminum alloy pressure bars and semiconductor strain gauges, and the pulse shaping technology and slice specimens are adopted. Dynamic mechanical properties tests for 10% and 20% ballistic gelatine at 4℃ are conducted. The results show that the mechanical response of gelatine is nonlinear, and the stress-strain curve consists of an elastic stage and three plastic strengthening stages. The stress dynamic increase factor is linearly related to the logarithm of the normalized strain rate. A polynomial constitutive model that takes into account the strain rate effect can well describe the mechanical behaviours of gelatine at a high strain rate. The research results can provide support for the numerical simulation of small-arms projectiles penetrating gelatine targets.

Key words: ballisticgelatine, lowimpedancematerials, SHPB, dynamicmechanicalproperties, constitutivemodel

中图分类号:

TB302

蒋明飞, 许辉, 黄陈磊, 刘坤, 吴志林. 弹道明胶动态力学性能试验与本构模型研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(9): 2113-2120.

JIANG Mingfei, XU Hui, HUANG Chenlei, LIU Kun, WU Zhilin. Experimental Study and Constitutive Model for the Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Ballistic Gelatine[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(9): 2113-2120.

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