活性/金属串联爆炸成型弹丸侵爆耦合毁伤行为

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0356

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升爆炸成型弹丸(EFP)对目标的综合毁伤效应,提出一种活性/金属复合球缺药型罩聚能装药结构,其复合药型罩包括内层紫铜药型罩和外层活性药型罩,外层活性药型罩由质量配比73.5%/26.5%的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)/Al含能粉体经冷压、烧结制备而成。采用静爆实验研究活性/金属串联EFP对间隔靶的侵爆耦合毁伤行为。研究结果表明:活性/金属串联EFP对间隔靶既产生了有效的侵彻作用,也能在靶间发生类爆轰反应,提高对间隔靶的毁伤效应;活性/金属串联EFP对间隔靶的侵彻层数和开孔直径显著受厚度影响,随间隔靶前两层厚度从10mm增加至20mm,贯穿总层数从6层降至3层,开孔直径也明显减小;采用SPH算法,仿真发现活性/金属复合药型罩在聚能作用下形成了紫铜EFP在前,活性EFP部分嵌入前驱紫铜EFP内的复合侵彻体;通过反应延迟时间引入和材料模型转换,数值模拟进一步揭示了尾随活性EFP类爆轰反应引发前驱紫铜EFP膨胀,导致开孔直径扩大而侵彻能力下降的作用机理。

关键词: 爆炸成型弹丸, 活性材料, 侵爆耦合, 毁伤

Abstract:

In order to improve the comprehensive damage effects of the explosively formed projectile (EFP) to the target, a shaped charge structure with reactive/metal composite spherical liners is proposed. The composite liners include an inner copper liner and an outer reactive liner, and the outer reactive liner is prepared by PTFE/Al energetic powder with a mass ratio of 73.5%/26.5% through cold pressing and sintering processes. The combined damage behavior of penetration and blast of the reactive/metal tandem EFPs for the spaced target plates is investigated by static explosion experiments. The results show that the reactive/metal tandem EFPs not only have an effective penetration effect on the spaced target plates, but also generate detonation-like reaction among the plates, improving the damage effects on the target plates. The number of penetrated layers and perforation diameter of the plates damaged by the reactive/metal tandem EFPs are significantly influenced by the plate thickness. As the thickness of the first two layers of the spaced target plates increases from 10mm to 20mm, the total number of penetrated layers decreases from 6 to 3, and the perforation diameter also significantly reduces. By adopting the SPH algorithm, the numerical simulation reveals that the reactive/metal composite liners form a composite penetrator with a copper EFP in front and a reactive EFP partially embedded in the precursor copper EFP. Then, through the introduction of reaction delay time and material model transformation, the numerical simulations further reveal that the detonation-like reaction of the trailing reactive EFP results in the expansion of the precursor metal EFP, leading to the increase of the perforation diameter and the decrease of the penetration capability.

Key words: explosively formed projectile, reactive materials, penetration and blast, damage

中图分类号:

TJ413

郑元枫, 王仕鹏, 李培亮, 张勇, 葛超. 活性/金属串联爆炸成型弹丸侵爆耦合毁伤行为[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(8): 2273-2282.

ZHENG Yuanfeng, WANG Shipeng, LI Peiliang, ZHANG Yong, GE Chao. Combined Damage Behavior of Penetration and Blast of Reactive/Metal Tandem EFPs[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(8): 2273-2282.

图/表 16

图1 活性/金属串联复合药型罩

Fig.1 Reactive/metal tandem composite liners

图2 聚能装药

Fig.2 Shaped charge

图3 实验原理及靶场布置

Fig.3 Experimental principle and setup

图4 活性/金属串联EFP侵爆毁伤间隔靶高速摄影

Fig.4 High-speed photography of reactive/metal tandem EFPs against spaced target plates

表1 活性/金属串联EFP侵爆间隔靶实验结果(工况1)

Table 1 Experimental results of reactive/metal tandem EFPs against spaced target plates (Condition 1)

表2 活性/金属串联EFP侵爆间隔靶实验结果(工况2)

Table 2 Experimental results of reactive/metal tandem EFPs against spaced target plates (Condition 2)

表3 活性/金属串联EFP侵爆间隔靶实验结果(工况3)

Table 3 Experimental results of reactive/metal tandem EFPs against spaced target plates (Condition 3)

表4 未反应PTFE/Al材料参数

Table 4 Parameters of unreacted PTFE/Al

材料	ρ/ (g·cm^-3)	a/ MPa	b/ MPa	n	c	m	T_m/K
PTFE/Al	2.27	8.044	250.6	1.80	0.40	1.00	500

表5 反应PTFE/Al材料参数

Table 5 Parameters of reacted PTFE/Al

材料	v_D/ (m·s^-1)	P_cj/ GPa	A/ GPa	B/ GPa	R₁	R₂	ω
PTFE/Al	5200	21	15.9	0.0023	7	0.6	0.38

图5 活性/金属串联EFP作用间隔靶计算模型

Fig.5 Numerical model of reactive/metal tandem EFPs against spaced target plates

图6 活性/金属串联EFP成型过程

Fig.6 Formation of reactive/metal tandem EFPs

图7 活性/金属串联EFP在4倍炸高下的速度和密度分布

Fig.7 Velocity and density distributions of reactive/metal tandem EFPs at a stand-off of 4CD

图8 活性/金属串联EFP成型过程压力分布

Fig.8 Pressure distribution during formation process of reactive/metal tandem EFPs

图9 不考虑尾随活性EFP类爆轰条件下串联EFP对间隔靶侵彻毁伤数值模拟结果

Fig.9 Numerical results of tandem EFPs penetrating spaced target plates without detonation-like effects of trailing reactive EFP

图10 考虑尾随活性EFP类爆轰条件下串联EFP对间隔靶侵爆毁伤数值模拟结果

Fig.10 Numerical results of tandem EFPs penetrating and blasting spaced target plates with detonation-like effects of trailing reactive EFP

图11 考虑尾随活性EFP类爆轰条件下串联EFP对不同厚度间隔靶侵爆毁伤数值模拟结果

Fig.11 Numerical results of tandem EFPs penetrating and blasting spaced target plates with different thicknesses with the detonation-like effects of trailing reactive EFP

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