甲烷爆炸冲击波作用下密闭管道内动物损伤效应试验研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.08.022

兵工学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1639-1647.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.08.022

甲烷爆炸冲击波作用下密闭管道内动物损伤效应试验研究

王海宾¹，赵英虎²，高莉¹，谭迎新²，王林变¹，杨柳¹

(1.中北大学化学工程与技术学院，山西太原 030051； 2.中北大学环境与安全工程学院，山西太原 030051)

收稿日期:2017-12-12 修回日期:2017-12-12 上线日期:2018-09-21
通讯作者: 谭迎新（1964—），女，教授，博士生导师 E-mail:13934240901@163.com
作者简介:王海宾（1975—），男，副教授，博士。E-mail:whaibin@nuc.edu.cn
基金资助:
山西省科技攻关项目（20140311008-7）；纳米功能复合材料山西省重点实验室开放基金项目（NFCM201603）；山西省自然科学青年基金项目(20170402SJJ)

Experimental Investigation into the Damage Effect of Methane Explosion Shock Wave on Animals in Enclosed Pipeline

WANG Hai-bin¹, ZHAO Ying-hu², GAO Li¹, TAN Ying-xin², WANG Lin-bian¹, YANG Liu¹

(1.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China；2.School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China)

Received:2017-12-12 Revised:2017-12-12 Online:2018-09-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过观察管道内甲烷爆炸对大鼠的肺等组织损伤病理特征，分析损伤原因，为瓦斯爆炸伤的临床救治提供依据。采用甲烷-空气预混气体爆炸冲击波对密闭管道内大鼠的作用模型，观察冲击波对管道内不同位置大鼠的损伤程度，并从病理组织学角度分析冲击波作用下肺、肝、脾组织损伤效应及机理。结果表明：密闭管道内，甲烷爆炸后置于管道前端的大鼠灼伤程度比置于后端的大鼠严重，但后端大鼠的肺组织受到的冲击波损伤比前端大鼠更为显著，肺泡发生明显塌陷，Ⅰ型肺细胞和Ⅱ型肺细胞连接断裂并消失，管道前端的5只大鼠死亡1只，管道后端的5只大鼠全部死亡；肝组织的损伤主要是肝细胞空泡样变性、血窦淤血、出血明显，汇管区有不同程度的淤血、出血、炎性细胞浸润及胆管上皮细胞坏死脱落；甲烷爆炸对大鼠的肺、肝、脾均造成损伤，但肺部损伤明显且形成致命损伤，肺显微结构和超微结构显示肺部对爆冲击波压力最为敏感，是冲击波作用的主要靶器官。

关键词: 甲烷, 爆炸, 冲击波, 大鼠, 肺

Abstract: The pathological features and specific causes of lung, liver and spleen injury of rats induced by methane explosion in a pipeline are analyzed to provide evidences for the clinical treatment of injury caused by gas explosion. The damage effects of shock wave on the rats in different positions in the pipeline are observed by using the model of methane-air premixed gas explosion shock wave impacting on rats. The damage effect of shock wave on lung，liver and spleen and its mechanism are studied from the histopathology. The results show that the severity of injury of rat in the front end of pipeline is more serious than that in the rear end after the explosion of methane. However, the injury of its lung tissue at the rear end of pipeline is damaged by shock wave more significantly than that of rats in the front end. The alveolar collapse is obvious, and the connection between type Ⅰ lung cells and type Ⅱ lung cells is broken and disappeared. One of 5 rats died at the front end of pipeline, and 5 rats all died in the rear end of pipeline. The damage of liver tissue is mainly vacuolar degeneration of liver cells, blood sinus congestion, and significant hemorrhage. Some varying degrees of congestion, bleeding, inflammatory cell infiltration, and necrosis and abscission of bile duct epithelial cells appear in portal area. It is found that the neutrophils of survival animals were infiltrated. The injuries of lung, liver and spleen can be observed in methane explosion model. The lung injury is obvious and fatal. Microstructure and ultra-structure of lung indicate that lung is the most sensitive organ, which is the primary target organ impacted by shock wave. Key

Key words: methane, explosion, shockwave, rat, lung

中图分类号:

王海宾，赵英虎，高莉，谭迎新，王林变，杨柳. 甲烷爆炸冲击波作用下密闭管道内动物损伤效应试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(8): 1639-1647.

WANG Hai-bin, ZHAO Ying-hu, GAO Li, TAN Ying-xin, WANG Lin-bian, YANG Liu. Experimental Investigation into the Damage Effect of Methane Explosion Shock Wave on Animals in Enclosed Pipeline[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(8): 1639-1647.

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甲烷爆炸冲击波作用下密闭管道内动物损伤效应试验研究

Experimental Investigation into the Damage Effect of Methane Explosion Shock Wave on Animals in Enclosed Pipeline

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