近场水下爆炸气泡与混凝土组合板相互作用的试验研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.1074

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

混凝土组合板(作为水工结构中的基本构件)在水下近场爆炸作用下的响应特征及对气泡运动的影响规律,是评估水下爆炸对工程结构毁伤的关键科学问题。通过开展一系列钢筋混凝土板、钢-混凝土-钢组合板的水下爆炸试验,研究了不同爆距下气泡与两种类型板构件相互作用的动态过程。获得以下规律:长径比为1的柱形装药最大半径同经验公式计算结果一致;在相同壁面条件下,随着爆距的减小,气泡脉动周期增大,气泡逐渐被壁面吸附,脉动及高速射流造成的毁伤效果增强;在相同工况条件下,钢筋混凝土板对气泡脉动过程的影响弱于钢-混凝土-钢组合板,壁面刚度越大,高速射流方向性越显著、作用效果越强。

关键词: 水下爆炸, 气泡脉动, 高速射流, 钢筋混凝土板, 钢-混凝土-钢组合板

Abstract:

The response characteristics of concrete composite slab,as the basic component in hydraulic structure under the action ofnear-fieldunderwater explosion and the law of itsinfluence on bubble motion are the key scientific issues to evaluate the damage of underwater explosion to engineering structures. The dynamic process of interaction among bubbles and two types of slab members at different blast distances is studied through a series of underwater explosion tests of reinforced concrete slab and steel-concrete-steel composite slab. The results show that the maximum radius of cylindrical charge with aspect ratio of 1 is consistent with the result calculated by empirical formula. Under the same wall conditions, the pulsation period of bubble increaseswith the decrease of the blast distance, the bubble is gradually adsorbed by the wall, and the damage effect caused by the pulsation and high-speed jet is enhanced. The influence of reinforced concrete slab on the bubble pulsation process is weaker than that of steel-concrete-steel composite slab under the same working conditions. The higher the wall stiffness is, the more obvious the directivity and effect of high-speed jet are.

Key words: underwater explosion, bubble pulsation, high-speed jet, reinforced concrete slab, steel-concrete-steel composite slab

中图分类号:

O383.1

李旭, 岳松林, 邱艳宇, 王明洋, 邓树新, 刘念念. 近场水下爆炸气泡与混凝土组合板相互作用的试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(S1): 79-89.

LI Xu, YUE Songlin, QIU Yanyu, WANG Mingyang, DENG Shuxin, LIU Niannian. Experimental Study on Interaction between Bubble and Concrete Composite Slab in Near-field Underwater Explosion[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 79-89.

图/表 23

图1 钢筋混凝土板尺寸及配筋(单位:mm)

Fig.1 Dimensions and reinforcement of reinforced concrete slab(unit: mm)

图2 钢-混凝土-钢组合板尺寸及结构形式(单位:mm)

Fig.2 Dimensions and structural form of steel-concrete-steel composite slab(unit: mm)

表1 试件材料力学性能参数

Table 1 Mechanical property parameters of specimen materials

材料类别	强度等级	弹性模量/ GPa	抗压强度/MPa	屈服强度/MPa	抗拉强度/MPa
混凝土	C40	32.5	40
钢板	Q235B	206		390	535
钢筋	HRB400	200		659	422
螺钉	8.8	212		640	800

图3 试验装置

Fig.3 Experimental setup

表2 试验工况

Table 2 Experimental conditions

编号	试件类型	浮力参数δ	无量纲距离
编号	试件类型	浮力参数δ	γ_f	γ_b
1		0.187	3.38
2	钢筋混凝土板	0.187	3.38	1.2
3	钢筋混凝土板	0.187	3.38	1.3
4	钢筋混凝土板	0.187	3.38	1.4
5	钢筋混凝土板	0.187	3.38	1.5
6	钢-混凝土-钢组合板	0.187	3.38	1.4
7	钢-混凝土-钢组合板	0.187	3.38	1.5

图4 水下爆炸自由场中的气泡脉动

Fig.4 Underwater explosion bubble pulsationin free field

图5 自由场水下爆炸气泡半径、上、下表面和中心位置的时程图

Fig.5 History curves of radius, upper surface, lower surface and center position of bubble in free field

图6 自由场水下爆炸压力时程图

Fig.6 Pressure-time curve of free field underwater explosion

图7 钢筋混凝土板上方1.5Rmax水下爆炸气泡脉动过程图像

Fig.7 1.5Rmax underwater explosion bubble pulsationabove the reinforced concrete slab

图8 钢筋混凝土板上方1.5Rmax水下爆炸气泡半径、上、下表面和中心位置的时程

Fig.8 History curve of 1.5Rmax bubble radius, upper surface, lower surface and center position above the reinforced concrete slab

图9 钢筋混凝土板上方1.4Rmax水下爆炸气泡脉动过程图像

Fig.9 1.4Rmax underwater explosion bubble pulsationabove the reinforced concrete slab

图10 钢筋混凝土板上方1.4Rmax水下爆炸气泡半径、上、下表面和中心位置的时程图

Fig.10 History curve of 1.4Rmax bubble radius, upper surface, lower surface and center position above the reinforced concrete slab

图11 钢筋混凝土板上方1.3Rmax水下爆炸气泡脉动过程图像

Fig.11 1.3Rmax underwater explosion bubble pulsationabove the reinforced concrete slab

图12 钢筋混凝土板上方1.3Rmax水下爆炸气泡半径、上、下表面和中心位置的时程图

Fig.12 Time-history curve of 1.3Rmax bubble radius, upper surface, lower surface and center position above the reinforced concrete slab

图13 钢筋混凝土板上方1.2Rm水下爆炸气泡脉动过程图像

Fig.13 1.2Rm underwater explosion bubble pulsation above the reinforced concrete slab

图14 钢筋混凝土板上方1.2Rmax水下爆炸气泡半径、上、下表面和中心位置的时程图

Fig.14 Time-history curve of 1.2Rmax bubble radius, upper surface, lower surface and center position above the reinforced concrete slab

图15 钢-混凝土-钢组合板上方1.5Rmax水下爆炸气泡脉动过程图像

Fig.15 1.5Rmax underwater explosion bubble pulsationabove the steel-concrete-steel composite slab

图16 钢-混凝土-钢组合板上方1.5Rmax水下爆炸气泡半径、上、下表面和中心位置的时程图

Fig.16 Time-history curve of 1.5Rmax bubble radius, upper surface, lower surface and center position above the steel-concrete-steel composite slab

图17 钢-混凝土-钢组合板上方1.4Rmax水下爆炸气泡脉动过程图像

Fig.17 1.4Rmax underwater explosion bubble pulsationabove the steel-concrete-steel composite slab

图18 钢-混凝土-钢组合板上方1.4Rmax水下爆炸气泡半径、上、下表面和中心位置的时程图

Fig.18 Time-history curve of 1.4Rmax bubble radius, upper surface, lower surface and center position above the steel-concrete-steel composite slab

图19 气泡下表面位置时程图

Fig.19 Time-history curves of bubble lower surface position

图20 脉动周期与距离参数的关系

Fig.20 Relationship between bubble pulsation period and distance parameter

图21 板边竖向位移与距离参数的关系

Fig.21 Relationship between vertical displacement of slab and distance parameter

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