Z型扩散室内爆炸冲击波传播规律

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0896

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于LS-DYNA软件建立Z型扩散室三维数值计算模型,探讨扩散室在不同特征参数入射冲击波作用下的消波效果,并探讨了不同特征尺寸对扩散室消波效果的影响。研究结果表明:长短持时对扩散室的消波效果有明显影响,扩散室在短持时冲击波作用下的消波效果比长持时条件下提高8%;扩散室的消波效果会随着入射冲击波峰值强度的增大而提高,当入射冲击波的峰值强度大于0.9MPa后提高作用不明显;当扩散比和长径比为5时扩散室的消波性能最佳;扩散室扩散比的增加对扩散室的消波效果有明显增强作用;长径比的增强对扩散室消波效果的作用规律不明显。

关键词: 扩散室, 冲击波, 传播规律, 消波

Abstract:

In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical calculation model of Z-shaped diffusion chamber is established based on LS-DYNA. The wave dissipation effect of the diffusion chamber under the impact of incident shock wave with different characteristic parameters is discussed, and the influences of different feature sizes of diffusion chamber on the wave dissipation efffect are studied. The results show that the wave dissipation effect of diffusion chamber under the impact of shock wave with short duration is significantly affected, and the wave dissipation effect of diffusion chamber under the impact of shock wave with short duration is 8% higher than that with long duration. The wave dissipation effect of diffusion chamber increases with the peak intensity of incident shock wave, but the improvement in wave dissipation effect is not obvious when the peak intensity of incident shock wave is greater than 0.9MPa. The wave dissipation performance of diffusion chamber is the best when the diffusion ratio and length-to-diameter ratio are 5. The increase in the diffusion ratio of diffusion chamber has a significant influence on its wave dissipation effect. The increase in length-to-diameter ratio has no obvious effect on the wave dissipation effect of diffusion chamber.

Key words: diffusion chamber, shock wave, propagation law, wave dissipation

中图分类号:

O383

吴张君, 王雪明, 余雯君, 邓树新, 陈建宇, 晋冬艳, 于冰冰. Z型扩散室内爆炸冲击波传播规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(S1): 160-169.

WU Zhangjun, WANG Xueming, YU Wenjun, DENG Shuxin, CHEN Jianyu, JIN Dongyan, YU Bingbing. Propagation Law of Shock Wave jn Z-shaped Diffusion Chamber[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 160-169.

图/表 17

图1 Z型扩散室三维数值模型

Fig.1 Three-dimensional numerical modeling of Z-shaped chamber

表1 数值模拟工况汇总

Table 1 Summary of numerical simulation conditions

序号	入射冲击波的峰值超压/MPa	入射冲击波的持时/ms	扩散比	长径比
1	0.166
2	0.237
3	0.307
4	0.393	10	3	4
5	0.897
6	1.333
7	1.585
8	2.361
9	2.800	100	3	4
10				5
11				6
12			4	4
13				5
14				6
15			5	4
16				5
17				6

表2 空气材料参数和状态方程参数

Table 2 Material parameters and equation of state parameters of air

C₀/ MPa	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	C₅	C₆	V	E/ (J·m^-3)	ρ/ (kg·m^-3)
0	0	0	0	0	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.25	1.29

表3 TNT炸药材料参数和状态方程参数

Table 3 Material parameters and equation of state parameters of TNT

A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	V	E₀/(GJ·m^-3)	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	D/(m·s^-1)	P_CJ/GPa
371	3.231	4.5	0.95	0.3	1.0	7	1630	6930	2.7

表4 Z型扩散室材料参数

Table 4 Material parameters and equation of state parameters of z-shaped chamber

RO/(kg·m^-3)	PR	E/(GJ·m^-3)	CMO
7800	0.3	2.599	1.0

图2 Z型扩散室模型测点布置示意图

Fig.2 Arrangement of measuring points in z-shaped chamber model

图3 数值模型材料参数验证

Fig.3 Validation of numerical model material parameters

图4 长持时冲击波数值计算模型示意图

Fig.4 Numerical computational model of long-duration shock waves

图5 不同持时作用下扩散室出入口处的压力时程曲线

Fig.5 Pressure-time curves at the inlet and outlet of the chamber under different durations

图6 Z型扩散室中冲击波传播压力云图(短持时)

Fig.6 Pressure contour of shock wave propagation in z-shaped chamber (shor duration)

图7 Z型扩散室中冲击波传播压力云图(长持时)

Fig.7 Pressure contour of shock wave propagation in z-shaped chamber (long duration)

图8 冲击波进入扩散室发生绕射现象

Fig.8 Diffraction phenomenon generating when shock wave enters the diffusion chamber

图9 不同峰值超压入射波对扩散室消波效果的影响

Fig.9 Influences of different peak overpressure incident waves on the wave dissipation effect of chamber

图10 不同特征尺寸扩散室的出入口压力时程曲线

Fig.10 Pressur-time curves at the inlets and outlets of chambers with different feature sizes

表5 不同特征尺寸扩散室的消波效果

Table 5 Wave dissipation effects of chambers with different feature sizes

扩散比	长径比	入射冲击波峰值超压/MPa	出口冲击波峰值超压/MPa	消波系数
	4	2.80	0.73	0.74
3	5	2.80	0.63	0.78
	6	2.80	0.89	0.68
	4	2.80	0.55	0.80
4	5	2.80	0.52	0.81
	6	2.80	0.44	0.84
	4	2.80	0.45	0.84
5	5	2.80	0.40	0.86
	6	2.80	0.41	0.85

图11 不同扩散比对扩散室的消波效果的影响

Fig.11 Influence of diffusion ratio on wave dissipation effect of diffusion chamber

图12 不同长径比对扩散室的消波效果的影响

Fig.12 Influence of length-to-diameter ratio on wave dissipation effect of diffusion chamber

参考文献 23

[1]	刘晶波, 闫秋实, 伍俊. 坑道内爆炸冲击波传播规律的研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2009, 28(6):8-11,191-192.
	LIU J B, YAN Q S, WU J. Study on propagation law of blast wave in tunnel[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2009, 28(6):8-11,191-192. (in Chinese)
[2]	杨磊, 刘瀚, 黄广炎, 等. 典型防爆装备对TNT爆炸冲击波的防护性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(10): 2871-2884. doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0281
	YANG L, LIU H, HUANG G Y, et al. Protection performance of typical explosion-proof equipment against TNT explosion shock wave[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(10): 2871-2884. (in Chinese) doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0281
[3]	王清茹, 余伟. 浅谈人防通风口消波系统设计[J]. 建设科技, 2015(12):141-143.
	WANG Q R, YU W. Discussion on the design of wave dissipation system of air vent for civil air defense[J]. Construction Science and Technology, 2015(12):141-143. (in Chinese)
[4]	胡宗民, 张德良, 张嘉华. 激波在带扩容室的变截面管中传播和消波效果的数值分析[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2003, 23(3):200-206.
	HU Z M, ZHANG D L, ZHANG J H. Numerical analysis of shock wave propagation and wave suppression in a variable section tube with expansion chamber[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2003, 23(3):200-206. (in Chinese)
[5]	任新见, 张庆明. 串联扩散室中冲击波传播过程数值分析[C]// 第十届中国冲击动力学学术会议论文集. 北京: 中国力学学会爆炸力学专业委员会冲击动力学专业组,北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,中国力学学会, 2011:1.
	REN X J, ZHANG Q M. Numerical analysis of shock wave propagation process in series diffusion chamber[C]// Proceedings of the 10th National Academic Conferenceon Impact Dynamics. Beijing: Shock Dynamics Professional Group of Explosion Mechanics Committee of Chinese Society of Mechanics, State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology. Beijing Institute of Technology Technology, The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2011:1. (in Chinese)
[6]	陈虎林, 李广新, 任新见. 坑道口部内爆炸情况下扩散室中冲击波的数值分析[J]. 爆破, 2010, 27(3):105-109,117.
	CHEN H L, LI G X, REN X J. Numerical analysis of shock wave in diffusion chamber under the condition of explosion in tunnel entrance[J]. Blasting, 2010, 27(3):105-109,117. (in Chinese)
[7]	杨科之, 邓国强, 董军, 等. 优化改进型穿廊式出入口数值模拟研究[J]. 防护工程, 2014, 36(5):37-42.
	YANG K Z, DENG G Q, DONG J, et al. Numerical simulation of optimized and improved through-gallery entrance[J]. Protection Engineering, 2014, 36(5):37-42. (in Chinese)
[8]	YAN Z, GUO S L, YUAN S J, et al. Influence of chamber geometrical parameters on suppressing explosion propagation, Shock and Vibration, vol. 2021, Article ID 6377887, 11, 2021.
[9]	KUMAR R A, PATHAK V. Shock wave mitigation using zig-zag structures and cylindrical obstructions[J]. Defence Technology, 2021, 17(6):1840-1851. doi: 10.1016/j.dt.2020.10.001
[10]	屈康康, 闫云聚, 刘洋, 等. 爆炸冲击波在长直坑道和复杂坑道内传播规律的对比研究[J]. 应用力学学报, 2011, 28(4):434-438,457.
	QU K K, YAN Y J, LIU Y, et al. Comparative study on propagation law of explosion shock wave in long straight tunnel and complex tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2011, 28(4):434-438,457. (in Chinese)
[11]	赵丹, 齐昊, 潘竞涛, 等. 不同类型管道内瓦斯爆炸冲击波传播试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2018, 28(3):79-83. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.014
	ZHAO D, QI H, PAN J T, et al. Experimental study on shock wave propagation of gas explosion in Different types of pipelines[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2018, 28(3):79-83. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.014
[12]	王凯, 周爱桃, 魏高举, 等. 巷道截面变化对突出冲击波传播的影响[J]. 煤炭学报, 2012, 37(6):989-993.
	WANG K, ZHOU A T, WEI G J, et al. Effect of tunnel section change on propagation of outburst shock wave[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2012, 37(6):989-993. (in Chinese)
[13]	陈泰年, 任辉启, 李素灵, 等. 泄压坑道式工房内爆试验与数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 兵工学报:1-10[2023-10-31].DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0480.
	CHEN T N, REN H Q, LI S L, et al. Research on Implosion test and numerical simulation of pressure relief tunnel type workshop[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii: 1-10[2023-10-31]. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0480. (in Chinese)
[14]	IGRA O, WU X, FALCOVITZ J, et al. Experimental and theoretical study of shock wave propagation through double-bend ducts[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2001, 437:255-282. doi: 10.1017/S0022112001004098 URL
[15]	IGRA O, FALCOVITZ J, HOUAS L, et al. Review of methods to attenuate shock/blast waves[J]. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2013, 58:1-35. doi: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2012.08.003 URL
[16]	苟兵旺, 李芝绒, 闫潇敏, 等. 复杂坑道内温压炸药冲击波效应试验研究[J]. 火工品, 2014, 157(2):41-45.
	GOU B W, LI Z R, YAN X M, et al. Experimental study on shock wave effect of thermobaric explosive in complex tunnel[J]. Explosives, 2014, 157(2):41-45. (in Chinese)
[17]	孔霖, 苏健军, 李芝绒, 等. 不同装药坑道内爆炸冲击波传播规律的试验研究[J]. 火工品, 2012, 146(3):21-24.
	KONG L, SU J J, LI Z R, et al. Experimental study on propagation law of explosion shock wave in different charge tunnels[J]. Explosives, 2012, 146(3):21-24. (in Chinese)
[18]	茅靳丰, 陈飞, 侯普民. 温压炸药坑道口部爆炸冲击波毁伤效应研究[J]. 力学季刊, 2016, 37(1):184-193.
	JIN F, CHEN F, HOU P M. Research on damage effect of blast wave at tunnel entrance of thermobaric explosive[J]. Quarterly Journal of Mechanics, 2016, 37(1):184-193. (in Chinese)
[19]	杨科之, 刘盛. 空气冲击波传播和衰减研究进展[J]. 防护工程, 2020, 42(3):1-10.
	YANG K Z, LIU S. Research progress of air shock wave propagation and attenuation[J]. Protection Engineering, 2019, 42(3):1-10. (in Chinese)
[20]	LS-DYNA Keyword user's manual[M]. Livermore,CA, US: Livermore Software Technology, Corporation, 2006.
[21]	韩国振, 杨赞. 穿廊式坑道出入口冲击波传播规律数值模拟研究[C]// 第27届全国结构工程学术会议论文集(第Ⅱ册). 北京:中国力学学会结构工程专业委员会, 西安: 西安建筑科技大学,《工程力学》编委会, 2018.
	HAN G Z, YANG Z. Numerical simulation of shock wave propagation law at tunnel entrance and exit[C]// Proceedings of the 27th National Structural Engineering Academic Conference ( Volume Ⅱ). Beijing: Structural Engineering Committee of Chinese Mechanics Society, Xi'an: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Editorial Roard of Engineering Mechanics, 2018. (in Chinese)
[22]	杨科之, 杨秀敏. 坑道内化爆冲击波的传播规律[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2003, 23(1):37-40.
	YANG K Z, YANG X M. Propagation law of internalized blast wave in tunnel[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2003, 23(1):37-40. (in Chinese) doi: 10.1007/BF00755627 URL
[23]	徐利娜, 雍顺宁, 王凤丹, 等. 直坑道内爆炸冲击波超压传播规律研究[J]. 测试技术学报, 2014, 28(2):114-118.
	XU L N, YONG S N, WANG F D, et al. Study on overpressure propagation of blast wave in straight tunnel[J]. Journal of Test and Measurement Technology, 2014, 28(2):114-118. (in Chinese)