关键词: 波浪, 水下爆炸, 船体梁, 试验研究, 解耦方法

Abstract: Under the combined action of complex wave environments and underwater explosive loads, the dynamic response and damage mechanisms of surface ship structures exhibit significantly greater complexity compared to idealized conditions of single underwater explosion or wave environments. This study focuses on a typical hull girder model to investigate damage characteristic parameters under combined wave and underwater explosion shock loading. Seven test cases of mid-to-near-field underwater explosions were conducted with varying charge weights and surface wave conditions. Through combined optical and electrical measurement methods, critical damage data of the hull girder structure under coupled wave-explosion loading were obtained.Post-experimental numerical analysis enabled the development of two key methodologies: a dynamic response field configuration technique for structural damage points, and a decoupling method for structural damage effects under combined wave and explosion loads. The experimental results reveal that: The global denting deformation range of the hull girder model follows an approximate exponential function relationship with the central bottom strain. The peak strain at the bottom center measured experimentally can effectively predict the denting deformation range across the entire bottom plate, enabling calculation of plastic deformation areas. The computed plastic zones consistently cover ≥90% of experimentally measured areas. By extracting damage field characteristic parameters under three loading conditions (pure wave, pure explosion, and combined loading), a three-dimensional planar relationship among these parameters was identified. A coupled damage parameter formula was established, achieving effective decoupling of comprehensive damage measurement data.This research provides quantitative characterization methods and theoretical foundations for assessing warship survivability in complex marine environments.

Key words: wave environment, underwater explosion, hull girder, experimental study, decoupling method