水下爆炸作用下典型舰船目标毁伤特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0960

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为海上战争的主要平台,舰船目标时刻面临多样化威胁,其中水下爆炸无疑是最具破坏力的一种。为深入了解水下爆炸作用下舰船结构毁伤和动响应特征,建立阿利伯克级驱逐舰简化模型,利用非线性有限元软件开展全舰结构水下爆炸数值仿真计算,分析不同爆炸距离下舰船毁伤破坏过程以及重点位置过载加速度特性。研究结果表明,近场水下爆炸作用下舰船破坏形式以局部大破口为主,远场水下爆炸对舰船的破坏以整体的鞭状运动为主。

关键词: 舰船, 全舰结构, 水下爆炸, 毁伤特性

Abstract:

As the main platforms in maritime warfare,the warfare ships face various threats,among which underwater explosion is the most destructive one.In order to study the structural damage and dynamic response characteristics of ship under underwater explosion,a simplified model of Arleigh Bruke-class destroyer is established,and the underwater explosion is numerically simulated using nonlinear finite element software.The process of ship damage at different explosion distances and the overload acceleration at key locations are analyzed.The results show that the large local damage fracture of ship is the main damage form of near-field underwater explosion,and the whole whiplash movement of ship is the main damage form of far-field underwater explosion.

Key words: ship, ship structure, underwater explosion, damage characteristics

剡小军, 孙浩, 马林, 张旭辉, 吴曦, 雍顺宁. 水下爆炸作用下典型舰船目标毁伤特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(S2): 215-221.

YAN Xiaojun, SUN Hao, MA Lin, ZHANG Xuhui, WU Xi, YONG Shunning. Damage Characteristics of Typical Ship Targets Subjected to Underwater Explosion[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S2): 215-221.

图/表 10

图1 水下爆炸舰船毁伤计算模型

Fig.1 Calculation model for underwater explosion ship damage

表1 钢材料参数

Table 1 Steel material parameters

参数	数值	参数	数值
E/MPa	201000	C	4×10¹⁵
v	0.28	P	12
E_t/MPa	600	ε_f	0.2

表2 TNT材料参数

Table 2 TNT material parameters

A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	w	E₀/J·m^-3
371	3.23	4.15	0.95	0.3	0.07

图2 接触爆炸舰船整体破坏过程

Fig.2 The process of ship damage subjected to contact explosion

图3 装药附近舰船局部毁伤过程

Fig.3 Local damage process of ship near explosives

表3 主要位置的甲板的过载加速度

Table 3 Overload accelerations at the main positions of ship

位置	横向过载	竖向过载	纵向过载
直升机舱室甲板
后部垂发安装甲板
反舰导弹发射架安装甲板
后近防炮安装甲板
火控雷达安装甲板
前近防炮安装甲板
主炮安装甲板

图4 近场爆炸舰船整体破坏的作用过程

Fig.4 The damage process of ship subjected to near-field explosion

图5 装药附近舰船局部毁伤过程

Fig.5 Local damage process of ship near explosives

图6 远场爆炸舰船整体破坏的作用过程

Fig.6 The damage process of ship subjected to far-field explosion

图7 远场爆炸毁伤变形过程

Fig.7 Local damage process of ship subjected to far field explosion

参考文献 14

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位置	横向过载	竖向过载	纵向过载
直升机舱室甲板
后部垂发安装甲板
反舰导弹发射架安装甲板
后近防炮安装甲板
火控雷达安装甲板
前近防炮安装甲板
主炮安装甲板

位置	横向过载	竖向过载	纵向过载
直升机舱室甲板
后部垂发安装甲板
反舰导弹发射架安装甲板
后近防炮安装甲板
火控雷达安装甲板
前近防炮安装甲板
主炮安装甲板

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