充液管结构人员抗爆炸冲击防护试验研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0260

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

区域冲突和恐怖袭击等爆炸环境造成的人员伤亡事件频频发生,且爆炸引起的人体损伤也已成为现代战争中士兵的主要致伤形式。针对人体抗爆炸冲击波防护的迫切需求,设计制作模拟人体的硅胶试验段,利用激波管试验研究一种柔性充液管结构的冲击波衰减作用,探索将冲击波的能量转化为管内的液体内能和动能,实现冲击波能量的有效转移和耗散。研究结果表明,通过协调冲击波作用下的液体流动耗能和液体自身吸能(凝胶化),最高可以衰减35%的超压峰值和30%的比冲量。相关研究对于提高人员爆炸冲击防护水平具有重要的研究意义和应用前景。

关键词: 充液管结构, 冲击波防护, 激波管, 超压, 冲量

Abstract:

In recent years, the casualties caused by regional conflicts, terrorist attacks, and other explosive environments occurred frequently, causing widespread concern at home and abroad. Body injury caused by the explosion has become the main form of injury to soldiers in modern war. Here the attenuation effect of the liquid-filled tube structure for human body protection on the shock wave is mainly studied through shock tube test. Through the liquid-filled tube, the kinetic energy of shock wave is converted into the internal energy and kinetic energy of liquid in the tube, and the transfer and dissipation of the shock wave energy are realized with the release of liquid and its energy absorption. The results show that the protective structure can attenuate the peak overpressure by up to 35% and the specific impulse by 30%. The results could provide an important reference for human protection against blast shock waves.

Key words: liquid-filled structure, shock wave protection, shock tube, overpressure, impulse

中图分类号:

O383.3

刘钰, 鲁殊凡, 索涛, 侯兵, 范志强, 李元. 充液管结构人员抗爆炸冲击防护试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(7): 2374-2382.

LIU Yu, LU Shufan, SUO Tao, HOU Bing, FAN Zhiqiang, LI Yuan. Experimental Study on the Effect of Liquid-filled Tube Structure on Shock Wave Attenuation[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2374-2382.

图/表 12

图1 试验系统示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of test system

图2 试验段(左)及安装图(右)

Fig.2 Test section (left) and assembly (right)

图3 试样布置形式

Fig.3 Specimen arrangement

图4 L1、L4采集的压力信号

Fig.4 Pressure signals acquired by L1 and L4

图5 重复性试验结果

Fig.5 Repeatability test results

表1 单侧开口充液结构及试验结果

Table 1 One-sided opening filling structure and test results

试验编号	填充液	膜片厚度/mm	高压段初始压力/MPa	冲击波超压峰值/MPa	冲击波超压峰值衰减百分比/%	比冲量/ (Pa·s)	比冲量衰减百分比/%
c1-0-1		0.1	0.44	0.155	0	434	0
c1-0-2		0.2	0.80	0.232	0	996	0
c2-1-1	空气	0.1	0.44	0.140	9.68	339	21.81
c2-1-2	空气	0.2	0.80	0.217	6.47	715	28.21
c2-2-1	水	0.1	0.44	0.107	30.97	394	9.29
c2-2-2	水	0.2	0.80	0.183	21.12	753	24.40
c2-3-1	0.6%AMCS	0.1	0.44	0.146	5.81	425	2.15
c2-3-2	0.6%AMCS	0.2	0.80	0.208	10.34	732	26.51
c2-4-1	1.1%AMCS	0.1	0.44	0.148	4.52	426	1.76
c2-4-2	1.1%AMCS	0.2	0.80	0.200	13.79	809	18.78
c2-5-1	2.2%AMCS	0.1	0.44	0.124	20.00	339	21.87
c2-5-2	2.2%AMCS	0.2	0.80	0.200	13.79	713	28.41

图6 填充空气和水时的透射波

Fig.6 Transmitted waves when filled with air and water

图7 填充甲基纤维素水溶液时的透射波

Fig.7 Transmitted waves when filled with aqueous methylcellulose solution

图8 驱动段压力0.44MPa时超压、比冲量对比

Fig.8 Comparison of overpressure and specific impulse at driving section pressure of 0.44MPa

图9 驱动段压力0.8MPa时超压、比冲量对比

Fig.9 Comparison of overpressure and specific impulse at driving section pressure of 0.8MPa

表2 双侧开口充液结构试样的试验结果

Table 2 Test results of double-sided open liquid-filled structure specimens

试验编号	缓冲剂	膜片厚度/mm	初始压力/MPa	冲击波超压峰值/MPa	冲击波超压峰值衰减百分比/%	比冲量/ (Pa·s)	比冲量衰减百分比/%
c3-1-1	水	0.1	0.44	0.100	35.48	306	29.63
c3-1-2	水	0.2	0.80	0.185	20.26	630	36.75

图10 防护前后不同填充剂试样的透射波

Fig.10 Transmitted waves of different filler specimens before and after protection

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