爆炸冲击波在变向通道中传播规律数值模拟

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0889

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于LS-DYNA软件对单次变向通道内TNT爆炸进行模拟以验证利用LS-DYNA模拟的准确性,研究了变向角度θ和曲率半径R对变向通道内冲击波传播规律的影响。研究结果表明,当θ和R较小时,θ和R的变化对通道变向处冲击波参数的变化影响较大,对于远场处的影响较小;当θ为90°、R为0mm时,通道内变向处外壁面所受压力是内壁面所受压力的2.17倍;随着θ的增大,反射冲击波超压峰值减小,冲击波能量分配趋于变向后通道,远场处超压峰值先减小后增大;随着R的增加,冲击波在变向处的反射现象不明显,反射冲击波的超压峰值低;随着θ和R的增加,外壁面与内壁面所受反射压力超压峰值之差减小;当θ和R分别增加到一定程度时,改变θ和R对整个通道内冲击波参数变化的影响并不明显,但外壁面压力仍然略高于内壁面压力。

关键词: 冲击波传播规律, 变向通道, 爆炸力学, 超压峰值, 数值模拟

Abstract:

Based on the LS-DYNA software, a single TNT explosion in a turning tunnel is simulated to verify the accuracy of the simulation using LS-DYNA, and the effects of the variable angle θ and the radius of curvature R on the propagation law of shock wave in the turning tunnel are studied. The results show that, when θ and R are small, the changes of θ and R have a greater effect on the changes of shock wave parameters at the tunnel deflection, and the effect is smaller at the far field; when θ is 90° and R is 0mm, the pressure on the outer wall surface at the deflection in the tunnel is 2.17 times of the pressure on the inner wall surface. With the increase of θ, the peak overpressure of the reflected shock wave decreases, and the energy distribution of the shock wave tends to change to the back tunnel, and the peak overpressure at the far field decreases first and then increases; with the increase of R, the reflection phenomenon of the shock wave at the change of direction is not obvious, and the peak overpressure of the reflected shock wave is low; and with the increase of θ and R, the difference between the peak overpressures of the reflected pressures received by the outer wall surface and the inner wall surface decreases. When θ and R are increased to a certain degree, respectively, the effect of changing θ and R on the change of shock wave parameters in the whole tunnel is not obvious, but the pressure on the outer wall surface is still slightly higher than that on the inner wall surface.

Key words: blast wave propagation, turning tunnel, explosive mechanics, overpressure peak, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

O383

余雯君, 陈胜云, 邓树新, 于冰冰, 晋冬艳. 爆炸冲击波在变向通道中传播规律数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(S1): 180-188.

YU Wenjun, CHEN Shengyun, DENG Shuxin, YU Bingbing, JIN Dongyan. Numerical Simulation of the Propagation Law of Explosion Shock Wave in Turning Tunnel[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 180-188.

图/表 14

表1 空气材料参数和状态方程参数

Table 1 Air material parameters and Equation of state parameters

C₀/MPa	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	C₅	C₆	V	E/MPa	ρ/(kg·m^-3)
0	0	0	0	0	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.25	1.29

表2 TNT炸药材料参数和状态方程参数

Table 2 TNT explosive material parameters and equation of state parameters

A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	V₀	E₀/(GJ·m^-3)	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	D/(m·s^-1)	p_CJ/GPa
371	3.231	4.5	0.95	0.3	1.0	7	1630	6930	2.7

图1 测点示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of measuring points

图2 数值模拟与经验公式对比

Fig.2 Comparison of numerical simulation and empirical formulas

图3 直通道中不同测点压力时程曲线

Fig.3 Pressure time history curves of different measuring points in a straight tunnel

图4 直通道内压力云图

Fig.4 Pressure nephogram in a straight tunnel

图5 90°变向通道内压力云图

Fig.5 Pressure nephogram in a 90 ° turning tunnel

图6 R=0时测点3、5处冲击波超压时程曲线

Fig.6 Time history curve of shock wave overpressure at measuring points 3 and 5 for R=0

图7 120°和150°变向通道内压力云图

Fig.7 Pressure nephograms in the 120° and 150° turning directional tunnels

图8 反射冲击波对变向处内外壁面压力影响

Fig.8 Impact of reflected shock waves on the pressures on the inner and outer walls at the change of direction

图9 反射冲击波对变向处测点压力影响

Fig.9 Impact of reflected shock wave on pressure at the measuring point in the direction of change

图10 R=1000mm变向通道内压力云图

Fig.10 Pressure nephogram in R=1000mm turning

图11 变向角度θ对超压峰值的影响

Fig.11 Impact of angle of change θ on peak overpressure

图12 曲率半径R/r对超压峰值的影响

Fig. 12 Effect of curvature radius R/r on peak overpressure

参考文献 22

[1]	汪泉, 陆军伟, 李志敏, 等. 负压条件下柱形爆炸罐内爆炸波传播规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(6):1250-1256. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.06.015
	WANG Q, LU J W, LI Z M, et al. Propagation law of explosion wave in columnar explosion tank under vacuum conditions[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(6):1250-1256. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.06.015
[2]	IGRA O, FALCOVITZ J, HOUAS L, et al. Review of methods to attenuate shock/blast waves[J]. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2013, 58:1-35. doi: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2012.08.003 URL
[3]	钱七虎, 王明洋. 岩土中的冲击爆炸效应[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2010.
	QIAN Q H, WANG M Y. Impact explosion effect in rock and soil[M]. Beijing: National Defence Industry Press, 2010. (in Chinese)
[4]	杨科之, 刘盛. 空气冲击波传播和衰减研究进展[J]. 防护工程, 2020, 42(3):1-10.
	YANG K Z, LIU S. Research progress on the propagation and attenuation of air shock waves[J]. Protective Engineering, 2020, 42(3): 1-10. (in Chinese)
[5]	奥尔连科. 爆炸物理学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2011.
	OLENKO. Explosive physics[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2011. (in Chinese)
[6]	刘星魁, 赵志梅. 直角拐角与障碍物对巷道瓦斯突出冲击波传播的影响[J]. 煤矿安全, 2016, 47(6):178-181.
	LIU X K, ZHAO Z M. The influence of right-angle corners and obstacles on the propagation of gas outburst shock waves in tunnels[J]. Coal Mine Safety, 2016, 47(6): 178-181. (in Chinese)
[7]	王凯, 周爱桃, 张建方, 等. 直角拐弯巷道中瓦斯突出冲击气流传播特征研究[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2011, 40(6):858-862.
	WANG K, ZHOU A T, ZHANG J F, et al. Study on the transmission characteristics of gas outburst impact airflow in the right-angle turning roadway[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2011, 40(6): 858-862. (in Chinese)
[8]	侯玮, 曲志明, 骈龙江. 瓦斯爆炸冲击波在单向转弯巷道内传播及衰减数值模拟[J]. 煤炭学报, 2009, 34(4):509-513.
	HOU W, QU Z M, PIAN L J. Numerical simulation of the propagation and attenuation of gas explosion shock waves in unidirectional turning tunnels[J]. Journal of Coal Science, 2009, 34(4): 509-513. (in Chinese)
[9]	赵丹, 齐昊, 潘竞涛, 等. 不同类型管道内瓦斯爆炸冲击波传播试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2018, 28(3):79-83. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.014
	ZHAO D, QI H, PAN J T, et al. Experimental study on shock wave propagation of gas explosions in different types of pipelines[J]. Chinese Journal of Safety Sciences, 2018, 28(3): 79-83. (in Chinese)
[10]	杨科之, 袁正如. 冲击波在坑道直角转弯处的衰减规律[J]. 防护工程, 2012, 34(3):20-24.
	YANG K Z, YUAN Z R. The attenuation law of shock waves at right angle turns in tunnels[J]. Protection Engineering, 2012, 34(3): 20-24. (in Chinese)
[11]	屈利伟, 杨振宏, 梁亚婷. 炸药爆炸冲击波在巷道变点的传播规律模拟[J]. 西安科技大学学报, 2011, 31(6):809-813.
	QU L W, YANG Z H, LIANG Y T. Simulation of the propagation law of explosive explosion shock wave at the change point in the roadway[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 2011, 31(6): 809-813. (in Chinese)
[12]	ZHAO B, ZHAO J G, CUI C Y, et al. Numerical Study on the propagation law of shock wave in turning tunnel[J]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, 237(3):1-9.
[13]	吕鹏飞, 庞磊. 不同曲率弯曲巷道爆炸冲击波传播特性数值模拟研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术, 2016, 12(12):37-41.
	LÜ P F, PANG L. Numerical simulation study on propagation characteristics of explosion shock waves in tunnels with different curvature[J]. Science and Technology of Work Safety in China, 2016, 12(12): 37-41. (in Chinese)
[14]	覃彬, 张奇, 向聪, 等. 矿山巷道转弯处冲击波紊流区的数值模拟研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2008(10):16-20,28.
	QIN B, ZHANG Q, XIANG C, et al. Numerical simulation study of shock wave turbulence zone at the turning of mining tunnels[J]. Metal Mines, 2008(10): 16-20,28. (in Chinese)
[15]	王来, 李廷春. 直角拐弯通道中空气冲击波的传播及数值模拟[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2004, 13(4):146-150.
	WANG L, LI T C. Propagation and numerical simulation of air shock waves in right angle turning tunnels[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2004, 13(4): 146-150. (in Chinese)
[16]	马荣华, 贾波, 杨丽, 等. 坑道截面形状对爆炸冲击波传播规律的影响[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2022, 43(2):92-96.
	MA R H, JIA B, YANG L, et al. The influence of tunnel cross-section shape on the propagation law of explosion shock waves[J]. Journal of Weapon Equipment Engineering, 2022, 43(2): 92-96. (in Chinese)
[17]	马浩伟, 张亚栋, 陈力, 等. 大型工房内爆炸冲击波流场分布规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(增刊1):142-150.
	MA H W, ZHANG Y D, CHEN L, et al. Distribution law of explosion shock wave flow field in large workshop[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(S1):142-150. (in Chinese)
[18]	尚晓江, 苏建宇. ANSYS /LS-DYNA动力分析方法与工程实例[M]. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2005.
	SHANG X J, SU J Y. ANSYS/LS-DYNA dynamic analysis method and engineering example[M]. Beijing: China Water Resources and Hydropower Press, 2005. (in Chinese)
[19]	张玉磊, 王胜强, 袁建飞, 等. 方形坑道内爆炸冲击波传播规律[J]. 含能材料, 2020, 28(1):46-51.
	ZHANG Y L, WANG S Q, YUAN J F, et al. Propagation law of explosion shock waves in square tunnels[J]. Energetic Materials, 2020, 28(1): 46-51. (in Chinese)
[20]	徐利娜, 雍顺宁, 王凤丹, 等. 直坑道内爆炸冲击波超压传播规律研究[J]. 测试技术学报, 2014, 28(2):114-118.
	XU L N, YONG S N, WANG F D, et al. Research on the propagation law of explosion shock wave overpressure in straight tunnels[J]. Journal of Testing Technology, 2014, 28(2): 114-118. (in Chinese)
[21]	杨科之, 杨秀敏. 坑道内化爆冲击波的传播规律[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2003, 23(1):37-40.
	YANG K Z, YANG X M. The propagation law of explosion shock waves in tunnels[J]. Explosion and Shock, 2003, 23(1): 37-40. (in Chinese)
[22]	易仰贤. 空爆冲击波马赫反射近似计算[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 1983, 3(2):44-49.
	YI Y X. Approximate calculation of Mach reflection of air blast shock wave[J]. Explosion and Shock, 1983, 3(2):44-49. (in Chinese)