基于键合图法的履带车油气弹簧阻尼阀特性分析

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0654

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为优化车辆悬挂的阻尼特性,基于功率键合图法建立油气悬挂阻尼阀阻尼特性的参数化模型。针对阻尼阀压缩行程开阀前、开阀后和复原行程下不同工作模式,分析不同工作状态下阻尼阀的节流形式,结合流体力学知识建立阻尼阀压缩和复原行程的阻尼特性模型。通过模型仿真研究结构参数对阻尼阀特性的影响。设计流量试验台对阻尼阀特性仿真结果进行验证。研究结果表明,基于功率键合图法建立的阻尼阀特性模型可以准确地计算出阻尼阀的特性,减小单向阀芯上通孔2和通孔3的直径可以降低悬挂阻尼阀开阀点速度,调整通孔1和通孔4的直径可以在不影响开阀速度的条件下相应调整阻尼力,通孔6的直径只对复原行程的阻尼力产生影响。

关键词: 履带车辆, 阻尼特性, 流体力学, 油气弹簧, 开阀速度

Abstract:

To optimize the damping characteristics of vehicle suspension, a parametric model for the damping characteristics of damping valve in hydro-pneumatic suspension is established based on the bonding diagram method. According to the dfferent working modes of damping valve before and after opening and closing during compression stroke and during recovery stroke, the throttling form of damping valve under different working conditions is analyzed, and a damping characteristic model for the compression and recovery strokes of damping valve are established by combining the knowledge of fluid dynamics. The influences of structural parameters on the compression stroke, recovery stroke and flow rate of valve opening point are analyzed by simulation. A flow test bench is designed to verify the simulation results of damping valve characteristics. The results show that the characteristic model of damping valve established by the bonding diagram method can accurately calculate the characteristics of damping valve, the diameters of orifices 2 and 3 in the spool are decreased to reduce the opening speed of damping valve, the diameters of orifices 1 and 4 are adjusted to regulate the damping force accordingly without affecting the opening speed, and the diameter of orifice 6 only affects the damping force on the recovery stroke.

Key words: tracked vehicle, damping characteristics, fluid mechanics, hydro-pneumatic spring, flow rate of open valve

中图分类号:

TB123

聂维, 何洪文, 雷强顺, 万义强. 基于键合图法的履带车油气弹簧阻尼阀特性分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(8): 2728-2736.

NIE Wei, HE Hongwen, LEI Qiangshun, WAN Yiqiang. Characteristic Analysis of Damping Valve in Hydro-pneumatic Suspension of Tracked Vehicle Based on Bonding-diagram[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(8): 2728-2736.

图/表 16

图1 油气悬挂阻尼阀结构图

Fig.1 Structural diagram of hydro-pneumatic suspension damping valve

图2 压缩行程阻尼阀工作原理

Fig.2 Working principle of compression stroke damping valve

图3 复原行程阻尼阀工作原理

Fig.3 Working principle of recovery stroke damping valve

图4 阻尼阀液压原理图

Fig.4 Hydraulic schematic diagram of damping valve

图5 阻尼阀特性键合图模型

Fig.5 Damping characteristic bonding diagram model

表1 仿真参数表

Table 1 Simulation parameter table

类别	参数名称	数值
材料参数	油液动力黏度/(N·s·m^-2)	1.35×10^-2
	通孔1直径/mm	14
	通孔2直径/mm	14
	通孔3直径/mm	8
结构参数	通孔4直径/mm	7
	通孔5直径/mm	7
	通孔6直径/mm	7
	背压弹簧预压力/N	95
	背压弹簧刚度/(N·mm^-1)	10
	单向阀芯直径/mm	50

图6 阻尼阀特性仿真

Fig.6 Damping characteristics of damping valves

图7 阻尼阀特性试验台

Fig.7 Damping valve characteristic test bench

图8 阻尼阀特性试验数据对比

Fig.8 Comparison of damping valve characteristic test data

表2 数据对照表

Table 2 Data comparison table

流量/ (L·min^-1)	试验压力差/MPa	仿真结果/ MPa	绝对误差/ MPa
150	0.67	0.67	0
120	0.58	0.66	0.08
90	0.58	0.59	0.01
60	0.32	0.30	0.02
30	0.90	1.00	0.10
0	-0.02	0	0.02
-30	-0.06	-0.02	0.04
-60	-0.13	-0.08	0.05
-90	-0.23	-0.17	0.06
-120	-0.37	-0.28	0.09
-150	-0.52	-0.44	0.80

图9 通孔1直径对阻尼特性影响

Fig.9 Effect of Orifice 1 diameter on damping characteristics

图10 通孔2直径对阻尼特性影响

Fig.10 Effect of Orifice 2 diameter on damping characteristics

图11 通孔3直径对阻尼特性影响

Fig.11 Effect of Orifice 3 diameter on damping characteristics

图12 通孔4直径对阻尼特性影响

Fig.12 Effect of Orifice 4 diameter on damping characteristics

图13 通孔5直径对阻尼特性影响

Fig.13 Effect of Orifice 5 diameter on damping characteristics

图14 通孔6直径对阻尼特性影响

Fig.14 Effect of Orifice 6 diameter on damping characteristics

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