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兵工学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 36-40.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.01.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

三种新型低熔点炸药的合成及表征

  

  1. 中北大学 化工与环境学院, 山西 太原 030051
  • 上线日期:2013-07-22

Synthesis and Characterization Studies on Novel Three Explosives with Low Melting Point

  1. College of Chemical Engineering & Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China
  • Online:2013-07-22

摘要:

以双氰胺、甲基咪唑和吡唑为原料,通过硝化、重排、再硝化等步骤合成了3种新型低熔点炸药:1-甲基3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(DNMT)、1-甲基-4,5-二硝基咪唑(4,5-MDNI)、3,4-二硝基吡唑(DNP). 优化了3种新型炸药的合成工艺,得到较优的工艺条件。采用熔点测定、红外光谱、元素分析和核磁共振氢谱对3种新型炸药结构进行了表征,利用DSC研究了其热分解性能,其熔点分别为:DNMT 95℃、4,5-MDNI 77℃、DNP 85℃. 结果表明,这3种新型炸药熔点低、热稳定性好。

关键词: 兵器科学与技术, 含能材料, 低熔点炸药, 合成

Abstract:

Three new explosives, such as 1-methyl-3,5-dinitro-2,4-triazole(DNMT), 1-methyl-4,5dinitro-imidazole(4,5-MDNI) and 3,4-dinitropyrazole(DNP), with low melting point were synthesized by using dicyandiamide, Nmethy limidazole and pyrazole as raw materials through nitrification reaction, thermal rearrangement and nitrification reaction etc. The technical parameters were optimized to obtain the optimal conditions. The compounds were characterized by melting point testing, IR spectrum, element analyzing and 1HNMR. Furthermore, thermal decomposition performance of these products were analyzed through DSC thermal analyzer, which melting points are MDNT 95℃,4,5-MDNI 77℃,DNP 85℃. Three explosives exhibit the lower melting points and good thermal stability.

Key words: ordnance science and technology, energetic material, explosives with low melting point, synthesis