考虑化学反应的大口径火炮炮口流场特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.08.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大口径火炮由于其装药元件复杂，装药量较大，发射过程中产生炮口冲击波及炮口焰的问题较为严重，容易对人员或设备造成损伤。为研究炮口焰的生成等炮口流场特性，以某155 mm 口径火炮为模拟仿真对象，针对射击过程中高速、高压、高温且与外界环境发生复杂的化学反应等特点，建立化学反应模型。同时，又考虑到弹丸射出过程中会与身管壁面产生微小扰动的现象，建立雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程、k-ε湍流模型。根据所建立的炮口流场模型模拟在不考虑初始流场的条件下弹丸出炮口后炮口流场的形成及发展过程，数值分析结果清晰地展现了马赫盘、冲击波、入射激波等复杂的波系结构以及炮口焰，尤其是二次焰的产生过程。数值计算结果与实际试验结果进行对比，发现火球的形状及大小吻合度较高，误差不超过8%，为大口径火炮射击过程中降低炮口冲击波、烟、焰等有害现象提供了理论参考。

关键词: 炮口流场, 湍流模型, 化学反应模型, 重叠网格, 数值模拟

Abstract: The strong blast wave and muzzle flash generated during launching may damage the perssonnel or equipment and expose the launching position since large-caliber gun has complicated charging elements and a large amount of charge. The launch process of a 155 mm gun is simulated to study the characteristics of conditions of muzzle flow field, such as the formation of muzzle flash. A chemical reaction model is proposed, in which the characteristics of high speed, high pressure, high temperature and complex chemical reactions with environment during launching are considered. And also the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equation and k-ε turbulence model are established by taking into account the small disturbance of projectile and barrel wall. The formation and evolution process of muzzle field after a projectile is discharged from the muzzle without considering the initial flow field are simulated and analyzed based on the established muzzle flow field model. The results of numerical analysis clearly show the complex wave system structures such as Mach disk, blast wave, and the generation of muzzle flash, especially the secondary flash. The results show that the calculated shape and size of fireball are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the error between the calculated and experimental results is no more than 8%.

Key words: muzzleflowfield, chemicalreactionmodel, turbulentmodel, overlappinggrid, numericalsimulation

中图分类号:

TJ012.2

王丹宇，南风强，廖昕，肖忠良，堵平，王彬彬. 考虑化学反应的大口径火炮炮口流场特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(8): 1624-1630.

WANG Danyu, NAN Fengqiang, LIAO Xin, XIAO Zhongliang, DU Ping, WANG Binbin. Characteristics of Muzzle Flow Field of Large Caliber Gun Considering Chemical Reaction[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(8): 1624-1630.

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