助飞运载器螺旋传动失效的机理研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0242

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

助飞运载器的螺旋传动缺乏摩擦及温升对其传动的作用机制研究。建立这种螺旋传动机构的热机耦合模型,并利用真实参数模拟传动接触面的热、力学等特性,通过分析应力、温升数据及其与摩擦系数之间的规律,揭示该螺旋传动的失效机制。数值模拟结果表明,该螺旋传动在大载荷的高速摩擦作用下,其传动接触面的温度能快速升至454.3℃,其接触应力可达699.4MPa,高温降低了接触面的材料强度,因此高速滑动的摩擦力将对接触面造成持续破坏,计算结果和故障现象一致,研究成果也对该传动技术的工程应用提供了理论基础。

关键词: 运载器, 螺旋传动, 摩擦热, 失效, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The friction and temperature-rise mechanisms in the screw transmission of a flight aid carrier have received limited research attention, focusing primarily on structural strength rather than thermal-mechanical coupling. This study aims to address this gap by developing a thermal-mechanical coupling model to simulate the thermal and mechanical characteristics of the contact surface using accurate parameters. By analyzing stress, temperature rise, and the law between temperature and the friction coefficient, this study reveals the failure mechanism of the transmission. The numerical simulation results show that the temperature of the contact surface can quickly rise to 454.3℃, and the contact stress can reach 699.4MPa during high-speed friction. The elevated temperature weakens the material strength of the contact surface, while the high-speed sliding fiction causes continuous damage to the contact surface. The calculation results align with observed fault phenomena and provide a theoretical basis for the engineering application of this transmission technology.

Key words: carrier, screw drive, friction heat, failure, numerical simulation

杜永刚, 王雪松, 万志华. 助飞运载器螺旋传动失效的机理研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(7): 2033-2040.

DU Yonggang, WANG Xuesong, WAN Zhihua. Study of Screw Drive Failure Mechanisms in a Flight Aid Carrier[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(7): 2033-2040.

图/表 16

图1 舵展开机构的主要组成

Fig.1 Composition of the deployable mechanism

图2 传动机构的构成

Fig.2 Composition of the transmission mechanism

图3 模型框架

Fig.3 Model framework

表1 模型的几何参数

Table 1 Parameters of the model

图4 有限元网格模型

Fig.4 Mesh of the finite element model

表2 30CrMnSiA的热弹性材料参数

Table 2 Thermo-elastic material parameters of 30CrMnSiA

温度T/℃	弹性模量 C^TH/GPa	泊松比μ	热膨胀系数 α/(10^-6·℃^-1)
20	196	0.3	10.12
200	177	0.3	11.72
300	167	0.3	12.96
400	162	0.3	13.62
500	157	0.3	13.90

表3 30CrMnSiA的热物理参数

Table 3 Thermo-physical parameters of 30CrMnSiA

温度 T/℃	热传导系数 h/(W·mm^-1·℃^-1)	定比热容/ (J·kg^-1·℃^-1)
20	0.02763
200	0.03056
300	0.03056	473.1
400	0.03056
500	0.02867

表4 30CrMnSiA在不同温度下的屈服强度

Table 4 Yield strengths of 30CrMnSiA at different temperatures

图5 接触面之间的热量传导

Fig.5 Heat conduction between contact surfaces

图6 施加的载荷

Fig.6 Applied load

图7 接触表面的温度和应力分布

Fig.7 Temperature and stress distribution on the contact surface

图8 推杆的速度曲线

Fig.8 Speed curve of the push rod

图9 接触面的温度变化曲线

Fig.9 Temperature curve of the contact surface

图10 摩擦系数和接触面温度的关系曲线

Fig.10 Relationship between friction coefficient and temperature on the contact surface

图11 推杆的筋部位照片

Fig.11 Ribs of the push rod

图12 烧蚀部位材料的能谱分析图

Fig.12 Energy spectrum analysis of materials at the ablation spot

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