黑索今基含铝炸药烤燃实验和数值模拟

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.05.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 含铝（Al）炸药在烤燃过程中，Al粉会改变炸药内部传热机制从而影响炸药热反应，因此需要研究含Al炸药热反应特征。采用多点测温烤燃法，对压装黑索今（RDX）/石蜡（WAX）（96/4）炸药进行了烤燃实验，获得了炸药内部不同位置处温度变化；结合数值模拟计算，标定了RDX炸药反应动力学模型参数；分别采用多点测温烤燃法和烤燃弹法，对压装RDX/Al/Binder（60/31/9）和熔铸梯恩梯（TNT）/RDX/Al（60/24/16）两种含Al炸药进行了烤燃实验，获得了炸药内部温度变化及点火时间。建立含Al炸药热反应计算模型，计算分析了炸药热反应特征。对RDX/Al/Binder考虑了Al粉的吸热和热传导；对TNT/RDX/Al考虑了相变及多步热分解反应，并采用多组元网格单元计算法同时考虑Al粉的吸热；对炸药烤燃实验进行了数值模拟计算，通过与实验结果比较验证了计算结果的准确性。研究结果表明：Al粉的加入会加快压装RDX/Al/Binder（60/31/9）含Al炸药内部的传热速率，缩短其点火时间，降低炸药热安全性；Al粉的加入对铸装TNT/RDX/Al（60/24/16）含Al炸药的传热过程没有显著影响。

关键词: 含铝炸药, 热反应特征, 烤燃实验, 数值模拟

Abstract: The aluminum powders change the internal heat transfer mechanism of the aluminized explosive to affect the thermal reaction of the explosive during cook-off. The thermal reaction characteristics of the aluminized explosive was studied. The cook-off experiment of RDX/WAX (96/4) explosive was carried out using the method of multi-point temperature measuring, and the kinetic model parameters of RDX explosive were calibrated by comparing the experimental and calculated changing temperatures at different positions. The multi-point temperature measuring and bomb cook-off experiments of RDX/Al/binder (60/31/9) and TNT/RDX/Al (60/24/16) were performed to obtain the internal temperature and ignition time. A calculation model for the thermal reaction of aluminium explosives is established to calculate and analyze the thermal reaction characteristics of the explosives. In the simulation,the endothermic and heat conduction of aluminum powder for RDX/Al/binder, the phase transition and multi-step thermal decomposition reactions for TNT/RDX/Al, and the heat absorption of aluminum powder were considered, and a multi-component grid cell calculation method was used. The correctness of the calculated results was verified by comparing to the experimental results. The results show that the addition of aluminum powder accelerates the internal heat transfer rate of RDX/Al/binder (60/31/9), of which ignition time is shorten so that the thermal safety of explosive is lower, and has no significant effect on the heat transfer process of TNT/RDX/Al (60/24/16). Key

Key words: aluminizedexplosive, thermalreactioncharacteristic, cookoffexperiment, numericalsimulation

中图分类号:

TQ564.3
TJ55

寇永锋，陈朗，马欣，赵聘，鲁建英，伍俊英. 黑索今基含铝炸药烤燃实验和数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(5): 978-989.

KOU Yongfeng， CHEN Lang， MA Xin， ZHAO Pin， LU Jianying， WU Junying. Cook-off Experimental and Numerical Simulation of RDX-based Aluminized Explosives[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(5): 978-989.

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第40卷第5期
2019 年5月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.40No.5May2019

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