基于弹丸旋转规律的弹道终点辨识和引信全弹道安全控制方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0883

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

弹丸在飞行时所处的复杂环境可能引起弹药在待发状态下意外作用。基于6自由度刚体弹道方程组,运用4阶龙格-库塔算法对运动方程组进行数值计算,得到弹丸旋转速度随时间的衰减规律。采用某型榴弹开展炮射试验并回收试验数据,对弹丸旋转周期2阶导数的过零特征点进行验证。针对发射装药量和射角两个发射条件对特征点的影响规律进行研究,提出基于旋转特征点的弹道终点时刻辨识方法,设计基于磁场传感器的弹道终点实时辨识系统,并开展靶场炮射试验进行验证。研究结果表明,弹载弹道终点辨识系统和弹道跟踪雷达获取的弹道终点时刻相对误差小于5%,验证了所提弹道终点辨识方法的正确性。在此基础上,进一步提出适用于一种旋转稳定弹药的机械-电子双模全弹道安全控制方法,在利用发射后坐过载和旋转离心力两道环境信息的基础上,采用终点辨识作为第三道环境信息,实现引信全弹道安全控制。新提出的基于弹丸旋转规律的弹道终点辨识及引信安全控制方法,为提高旋转稳定弹药全弹道安全性提供了新的思路。

关键词: 旋转稳定弹药, 引信, 全弹道安全控制, 旋转周期, 终点辨识, 2阶导数

Abstract:

The complex flight environment may lead to an unintentional discharge of ammunition in the ready state. The motion equations are obtained and the decay law of projectile rotation velocity over time is established by employing the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm to solve the six-degree-of-freedom rigid body trajectory equation. Experimental firing tests of a specific grenade are conducted, and the test data is collected to verify the zero-cross characteristic point of the second derivative of projectile rotation period. To investigate how the launch conditions such as firing charge and firing angle affect these characteristic points, an ide.pngication method based on rotating characteristic points for determining the ballistic endpoint moments is proposed. Additionally, a real-time ide.pngication system with magnetic field sensors for ballistic endpoints is designed and validated through firing range tests. The results demonstrate that the relative error between the ballistic endpoint ide.pngication system and a ballistic tracking radar is less than 5%, thus confirming the accuracy of the proposed method. On this basis a mechanical-electronic dual-mode full-trajectory safety control approach is proposed for rotationally stabilized munitions Based on the environmental information including recoil overload and rotational centrifugal force after launch, the endpoint ide.pngication is used as a third environmental factor to achieve the comprehensive fuze safety control throughout the entire trajectory. The proposed method of ide.pngying the ballistic endpoints and implementing the fuze safety control based on projectile rotation laws offers new possibilities for enhancing the overall ballistic safety of rotationally stabilized munitions.

Key words: spin-stabilized munitions, fuze, full ballistic safety control, rotation period, endpoint ide.pngication, second derivative

中图分类号:

TJ430

史博, 陈曦, 李鹏斐, 韩若愚, 秦泗超, 贺中正, 孙颢洋. 基于弹丸旋转规律的弹道终点辨识和引信全弹道安全控制方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(9): 3105-3113.

SHI Bo, CHEN Xi, LI Pengfei, HAN Ruoyu, QIN Sichao, HE Zhongzheng, SUN Haoyang. Ballistic Endpoint Ide.pngication Based on Projectile Rotation Characteristics and Fuze Full Ballistic Safety Control Method[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3105-3113.

图/表 16

参考文献 21

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模型参数		发射气象条件
参数	数值	参数	数值
弹径/m	0.122		地面压强/kPa	100
弹长/m	0.64481		地面虚温/K	288.9
弹丸质量/kg	21.76		地面密度/(kg·m^-3)	1.206
极转动惯量/(kg·m²)	0.51123		纵向风扰/(m·s^-1)	0
赤道转动惯量(kg·m²)	0.04453		横向风扰/(m·s^-1)	0

模型参数		发射气象条件
参数	数值	参数	数值
弹径/m	0.122		地面压强/kPa	100
弹长/m	0.64481		地面虚温/K	288.9
弹丸质量/kg	21.76		地面密度/(kg·m^-3)	1.206
极转动惯量/(kg·m²)	0.51123		纵向风扰/(m·s^-1)	0
赤道转动惯量(kg·m²)	0.04453		横向风扰/(m·s^-1)	0

装药	初速度/ (m·s^-1)	特征点时刻/s	总时间/ s	弹道总时间与特征点时刻比值
全装药	710	24.65	49.33	2.0
1号装药	621	24.06	48.13	2.0
2号装药	516	21.09	42.15	1.99
3号装药	413	17.83	36.06	2.0
4号装药	312	14.76	29.66	2.0

装药	初速度/ (m·s^-1)	特征点时刻/s	总时间/ s	弹道总时间与特征点时刻比值
全装药	710	24.65	49.33	2.0
1号装药	621	24.06	48.13	2.0
2号装药	516	21.09	42.15	1.99
3号装药	413	17.83	36.06	2.0
4号装药	312	14.76	29.66	2.0

射角/(°)	特征点时刻/s	总时间/s	弹道总时间与特征点时刻比值
20	20.71	36.03	1.74
25	22.66	42.84	1.89
30	24.65	49.33	2.00
35	26.71	55.58	2.08
40	28.89	61.61	2.13
45	31.2	67.38	2.16
50	33.56	72.85	2.17
55	35.89	77.93	2.17
60	38.11	82.55	2.16
65	40.18	86.63	2.15