泡沫填充负泊松比蜂窝夹层结构的抗爆性能数值模拟

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0607

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究爆炸荷载作用下泡沫填充负泊松比蜂窝夹层结构(Foam-filled Auxetic Honeycomb Sandwich Structure,FAHSS)的动态响应及其对混凝土板的防护性能,利用有限元软件,考虑应变率对材料动态本构特性的影响,建立FAHSS在爆炸荷载下的有限元数值模型。通过已有负泊松比蜂窝夹层结构(Auxetic Honeycomb Sandwich Structure,AHSS)的爆炸试验对数值模型进行验证,基于验证模型分析爆炸荷载作用下FAHSS的损伤破坏规律、能量吸收特性及其对混凝土板的应力分布影响,并与AHSS和FSS(Foam Sandwich Structure)进行对比。在此基础上综合考虑聚氨酯泡沫材料密度、爆炸比例距离及填充材料等因素对FAHSS抗爆性能的影响。研究结果表明:FAHSS中的泡沫填充降低了负泊松比蜂窝夹层结构的破坏程度;随着聚氨酯泡沫材料密度的增加,FAHSS中的泡沫材料吸收能量增加;随着比例距离的增加,FAHSS的破坏程度逐渐降低,破坏形态也由局部破坏转变为整体破坏。

关键词: 负泊松比蜂窝夹层结构, 聚氨酯泡沫, 爆炸荷载, 防护性能, 有限元分析

Abstract:

The dynamic response of foam-filled auxetic honeycomb sandwich structure (FAHSS) under blast load and its protective performance against concrete slabs are studied. A finite element numerical model of FAHSS under blast load, which considers the effect of strain rate on the dynamic intrinsic properties of the material, is established by utilizing finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The numerical model is validated by the existing auxetic honeycomb sandwich structure (AHSS) explosion test. The damage and failure law and energy absorption characteristics of FAHSS and its influence on the stress distribution of concrete slab are analyzed based on the validated model. FAHSS is compared with AHSS and foam sandwich structure (FSS). On this basis, the effects of polyurethane foam material density, explosion proportional distance and filling material on the blast resistance performance of FAHSS are considered. The results show that the foam filling in FAHSS reduces the damage degree of auxetic honeycomb sandwich structure. With the increase in the density of polyurethane foam material, the energy absorption of foam material in FAHSS increases. With the increase in scaled distances, the damage degree of FAHSS gradually decreases, and the damage mode changes from local damage to overall damage.

Key words: auxetic honeycomb sandwich structure, polyurethane foam, blast load, protective performance, finite element analysis

中图分类号:

TU398.9

孔祥清, 李若男, 常雅慧, 付莹. 泡沫填充负泊松比蜂窝夹层结构的抗爆性能数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(9): 3091-3104.

KONG Xiangqing, LI Ruonan, CHANG Yahui, FU Ying. Numerical Simulation of Blast Resistance of Foam-filled Auxetic Honeycomb Sandwich Structures[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3091-3104.

图/表 20

图1 AHSS/复合结构有限元模型

Fig.1 AHSS composite structure finite element model

表1 材料模型参数[4]

Table 1 Material model parameters[4]

部件	材料	密度/ (kg·m^-3)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	屈服应力/MPa	失效应变	C	P	单轴抗拉强度	A₀	A₂	NOUT
钢板	G800HSS	7850	223	0.3	789	0.2	3200	5
AHSS	AA6061	2710	40.3	0.33	113	0.12
混凝土板	钢筋	7850	200	0.25	502	0.15	40.4	5
混凝土板	混凝土	2400				0.1			0	0.04	0	2

图2 AHSS/复合结构试验(上)与模拟变形(下)对比图

Fig.2 Test result(upper) and simulated result(below)of AHSS/ composite structure

图3 AHSS试验(上)与模拟(下)沿中平面变形比较

Fig.3 Comparisonof AHSS test(upper) and simulation(below) along the middle plane deformation

表2 变形几何参数的定量比较

Table 2 Quantitative comparison of geometric parameters

试验与模拟	H₀/ mm	H₁/ mm	H₂/ mm	H₃/ mm	L₁/ mm	L₂/ mm
试验	10.0	45.8	50.0	46.4	91.4	182.8
模拟	11.89	49.92	48.6	49.2	94.2	190.4
相对误差/%	1.9	9.0	2.8	6.0	3.1	4.0

图4 FAHSS、AHSS和FSS示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagrams of FAHSS, AHSS and FSS

图5 FAHSS/复合结构、AHSS/复合结构和FSS/复合结构变形过程对比

Fig.5 Comparison of deformation processes of FAHSS/composite structure, AHSS/composite structure and FSS/composite structure

图6 FAHSS、AHSS和FSS的位移时程曲线

Fig.6 Displacement-time curves of FAHSS, AHSS and FSS

表3 计算结果

Table 3 Calculated results

结构	泡沫密度/ (kg·m^-3)	比例距离/ (m·kg^-1/3)	填充材料	总能量/kJ	上面板位移峰值/mm	背面板位移峰值/mm
AHSS		0.064		37.4	100.11	18.75
FSS	92	0.064		34.38	63.60	13.20
FAHSS	92	0.064	聚氨酯泡沫	41.23	79.65	11.95
FAHSS	92	0.064	聚氨酯泡沫	38.52	79.65	9.95
FAHSS	202	0.064	聚氨酯泡沫	37.79	72.37	9.41
FAHSS	358	0.064	聚氨酯泡沫	37.95	65.80	8.68
FAHSS	472	0.064	聚氨酯泡沫	38.11	60.56	6.78
FAHSS	92	0.064	聚氨酯泡沫	38.53	79.33	9.95
FAHSS	92	0.144	聚氨酯泡沫	16.86	19.33	6.54
FAHSS	92	0.433	聚氨酯泡沫	13.35	7.66	3.83
FAHSS	92	1.299	聚氨酯泡沫	12.12	7.02	4.29
FAHSS	92	0.064	热塑性聚氨酯泡沫	39.27	45.17	6.77

图7 FAHSS、AHSS和FSS的应力分布对比

Fig.7 Comparison of stress distributions of FAHSS, AHSS and FSS

图8 FAHSS/复合结构、AHSS/复合结构及FSS/复合结构中混凝土板应力分布

Fig.8 Stress distributions in concrete slabs in FAHSS/composite structure, AHSS/composite structure and FSS/composite structure

图9 FAHSS/复合结构、AHSS/复合结构及FSS/复合结构能量时程曲线

Fig.9 Energy-time course curves of FAHSS/composite structure, AHSS/composite structure and FSS/composite structure

图10 FAHSS/复合结构、AHSS/复合结构及FSS/复合结构各组成部分的能量吸收

Fig.10 The energy absorption of FAHSS/composite structure, AHSS/composite structure and FSS/composite structure

图11 FAHSS与AHSS的有效泊松比

Fig.11 Effective Poisson’s ratio of FAHSS to AHSS

图12 不同泡沫密度的FAHSS面板位移时程曲线

Fig.12 Displacement-time curves of FAHSS panels with different foam densities

图13 不同泡沫密度的FAHSS/复合结构能量吸收

Fig.13 Energy absorption of each component of FAHSS/composite structure with different foam densities

图14 不同比例距离下FAHSS面板位移时程曲线

Fig.14 Displacement-time curves of FAHSS panels at different scale distances

图15 不同比例距离的FAHSS/复合结构能量吸收

Fig.15 Energy absorption of each component of FAHSS/composite structure at different scaled distances

图16 不同填充材料的FAHSS面板位移时程曲线

Fig.16 Displacement-time curves of FAHSS panel with different filling materials

图17 不同填充材料的FAHSS/复合结构能量吸收

Fig.17 Energy absorption of each component of FAHSS/composite structure with different filling materials

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