基于稀疏恢复的调频引信抗扫频干扰方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0369

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对连续波调频引信在扫频式干扰作用下的早炸或者瞎火问题,提出基于时域干扰剔除及信号稀疏重构的抗干扰方法。通过时域异常值检测定位干扰位置和持续时间,并剔除异常数据抑制干扰对引信的影响;进一步地针对干扰剔除引起的信号时域稀疏,建立基于稀疏正则项的差频信号重构优化方程,并提出基于交替方向乘子法的迭代重构算法;通过仿真和实测数据验证方法的性能。研究结果表明:该方法能够在信噪比-15dB,置零样本率不高于70%的情况下,抑制扫频干扰的影响,准确实现目标距离-速度信息的获取,提高了调频引信抗扫频干扰能力。

关键词: 稀疏恢复, 扫频干扰, 调频引信, 交替方向乘子法

Abstract:

An anti-jamming method based on time-domain jamming cancellation and signal sparse reconstruction is proposed for the problem of “premature explosion” or “misfire” of continuous wave frequency-modulated (FM) fuzes under frequency sweeping jamming. The location and duration of jamming are detected through time-domain outliers, and the abnormal data are eliminated to suppress the impact of the jamming on the fuze. For the signal sparsity caused by jamming cancellation in time domain, an optimization equation for differential frequency signal reconstruction based on sparse regularization terms is established, and an ADMM-based iterative reconstruction algorithm is proposed. The performance of the proposed method is verified by using the simulated and measured data. The results show that the method can be used to suppress the influence of frequency sweeping jamming, accurately obtain the target range-velocity information, and improve the ability of FM fuze to resist the frequencys weeping jamming with a signal-to-noise ratio of -15dB and a zero sample rate of less than 70%.

Key words: sparse recovery, frequency sweeping jamming, frequency-modulated fuze, alternating direction method of multipliers

中图分类号:

TJ301

杨瑾, 郝新红, 乔彩霞, 陈齐乐. 基于稀疏恢复的调频引信抗扫频干扰方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(6): 2044-2053.

YANG Jin, HAO Xinhong, QAO Caixia, CHEN Qile. Research on Anti-frequency Sweeping Jamming Method for Frequency-modulated Fuze Based on Sparse Recovery[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(6): 2044-2053.

图/表 15

图1 引信信号和扫频干扰频率变化

Fig.1 Fuze signal and sweep jamming frequency

图2 扫频干扰下引信差频信号时域图

Fig.2 Time-domain diagram of fuze differential frequency signal under sweep jamming

图3 本文所提方法流程

Fig.3 Flow chart of the proposed method

表1 仿真参数

Table 1 Simulation parameters

参数	数值
调制频率/kHz	50
调制带宽/MHz	150
预定起爆距离/m	6
弹目速度/(m·s^-1)	300
滤波器带宽/MHz	5
干信比/dB	15
扫频带宽/MHz	200~300

图4 异值检测及归零处理结果

Fig.4 Detected echo results before processing

图5 归零处理后直接二维FFT结果

Fig.5 Direct 2DFFT result after zeroing

图6 稀疏恢复处理结果

Fig.6 Sparse recovery processing results

图7 预定炸高12m、弹目相对速度400m/s时算法处理结果

Fig.7 Algorithm processing results when the predetermined explosion height is 12m and the relative velocity of the projectile and target is 400m/s

图9 不同样本置零率下峰值旁瓣比对比

Fig.9 Comparison of peak sidelobe ratios under different sample zeroing rates

图10 不同信噪比下差频信号处理结果

Fig.10 Differential frequency signal processing results under different signal-to-noise ratios

表2 不同抗扫频干扰方法PSLR对比

Table 2 Comparison of PSLRs for different anti-frequency Jamming method

方法	处理后PSLR/dB
本文所提方法	6.50
文献[19]滑动多周期FFT方法	5.50
文献[20]时序及相关检测方法	5.34

图11 实测场景

Fig.11 Measuring scene

图12 扫频干扰下差频信号时域图

Fig.12 Time-domain diagram of differential frequency signal under frequency sweeping jamming

图13 传统二维FFT差频信号处理结果

Fig.13 Results of traditional 2DFFT dfferential frequency signal processing

图14 稀疏恢复处理结果

Fig.14 Sparse recovery processing results

参考文献 20

[1]	崔占忠, 宋世和, 徐立新. 近炸引信原理[M]. 第3版. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社, 2009: 18-38.
	CUI Z Z, SONG S H, XU L X. Principle of proximity fuze[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology Press, 2009: 18-38. (in Chinese)
[2]	赵惠昌. 无线电引信设计原理与方法[M]. 北京: 国防工业工业出版社, 2012:35-46.
	ZHAO H C. Principles and methods of radio fuze design[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2012: 35-46. (in Chinese)
[3]	刘景萍, 赵惠昌, 黄文良. 无线电引信的有源干扰机理[J]. 制导与引信, 2001, 22(4): 50-52.
	LIU J P, ZHAO H C, HUANG W L. Active jamming mechanism of radio fuzes[J]. Guidance & Fuze, 2001, 22(4): 50-52. (in Chinese)
[4]	董二娃, 郝新红, 闫晓鹏, 等. 扫频式干扰对超宽带无线电引信干扰机理研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(4): 1006-1014.
	DONG E W, HAO X H, YAN X P, et al. Study on the Jamming mechanism of sweep frequency jamming to ultra wideband radio fuze[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(4): 1006-1014. (in Chinese)
[5]	金文, 武海东, 沙作金, 等. 无线电引信的抗干扰性能评估方法研究[J]. 制导与引信, 2020, 41(2): 11-16.
	JIN W, WU H D, SHA Z J, et al. Research on anti-interference performance evaluation method of radio fuze[J]. Guidance and fuze, 2020, 41(2):11-16. (in Chinese)
[6]	WANG J, DING M, YAROVOY A. Interference mitigation for fmcw radar with sparse and low-rank hankel matrix decomposition[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2022, 70: 822-834.
[7]	WANG J P, DING M, YAROVOY A. Matrix-pencil approach-based interference mitigation for FMCW radar systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2021, 69(11): 5099-5115.
[8]	杨春, 宋诗琴, 崔小欣, 等. 一种基于IIR滤波器的时域单频干扰抑制算法及实现[J]. 电子器件, 2013, 36(2): 189-193.
	YANG C, SONG S Q, CUI X X, et al. A time-domain single frequency interference suppression algorithm and implementation based on IIR filters[J]. Electronic Devices, 2013, 36 (2): 189-193. (in Chinese)
[9]	JIN F, CAO S Y. Automotive radar interference mitigation using adaptive noise canceller[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019, 68(4): 3747-3754.
[10]	岳凯, 郝新红, 栗苹, 等. 基于分数阶傅里叶变换的线性调频引信定距方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(5): 801-808. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.05.006
	YUE K, HAO X H, LI P, et al. A range method for chirp fuze based on fractional Fourier transform[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(5): 801-808. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.05.006
[11]	刘冰, 郝新红, 周文, 等. 基于BAS-BPNN的调频无线电引信目标与扫频干扰识别方法[J]. 兵工学报, 44(8): 2391-2403.
	LIU B, HAO X H, ZHOU W, et al. Identification method of FM radio fuze target and sweep interference based on BAS-BPNN[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 44(8):2391-2403. (in Chinese)
[12]	NEEMAT S, KRASNOV O, YAROVOY A. An interference mitigation technique for FMCW radar using beat-frequencies interpolation in the STFT domain[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2019, 76(3): 1207-1220.
[13]	张晔. 基于小波分解和神经网络的非线性信号预测[D]. 石家庄: 河北师范大学, 2019.
	ZHANG Y. Nonlinear signal prediction based on wavelet decomposition and neural network[D]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Normal University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[14]	BABUI G. Processing of dual-orthogonal CW polarimetric radar signals[D]. The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology, 2009.
[15]	BABUR G, WANG Z B, KRASNOV O A, et al. Design and implementation of cross-channel interference suppression for polarimetric LFM-CW radar[C]∥ROMANIUK R S. Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2010. Wilga, Poland: SPIE, 2010: 774520.
[16]	ZHANG S H, LIU Y L, LI X. Computationnally efficient sparse aperture ISAR autofocusing and imaging based on fast ADMM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2020, 58(12): 8751-8765.
[17]	SALEH M, OMAR S M, GRIVEL E, et al. A modified stepped frequency phase coding radar waveform designed for the frequency domain algorithm[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2019, 88:101-115.
[18]	JI J, ZHENG S L, ZHANG X M. Pre-distortion compensation for optical-based broadband LFM signal generation system[J]. Optics Communications, 2019, 435: 277-282.
[19]	周文, 郝新红, 董二娃, 等. 基于滑动多周期 FFT 的调频引信抗扫频干扰方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(6):1744-1753. doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0119
	ZHOU W, HAO X H, DONG E W, et al. Anti-sweep interference method for FM fuze based on sliding multi period FFT[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(6):1744-1753. (in Chinese) doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0119
[20]	孔志杰, 郝新红, 栗苹, 等. 基于时序及相关检测的调频引信抗扫频干扰方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2017, 38(8): 1483-1489. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2017.08.004
	KONG Z J, HAO X H, LI P, et al. Anti-sweep interference method for FM fuze based on timing and correlation detection[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(8): 1483-1489. (in Chinese)