基于磁异探测的侵彻引信计层方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0645

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对侵彻弹药打击多层建筑物时传统加速度传感器探测方法存在信号振荡混叠、粘连严重、难以精确计层的问题,提出基于磁异探测的侵彻过程精确计层方法。楼层建筑结构中的钢筋会对周围地磁场分布产生扰动,引信随战斗部侵彻目标时,利用磁传感器探测楼层周围地磁场畸变产生的磁异信号,从而完成侵彻过程的状态识别。建立多层钢筋混凝土靶板磁场仿真模型与弹丸侵彻多层目标磁场仿真模型,得到楼层周围空间磁场分布特征与侵彻过程引信部位磁场强度变化规律,分析了斜侵、钢筋疏密、弹体材料等对侵彻过程磁信号变化的影响。发现侵彻过程中磁信号幅度与楼层位置存在明确的对应关系,信号特征明显,且弹体材料磁导率越低、靶板钢筋含量越高,越利于磁探测的信号处理。设计了磁异探测实验室实验,测试结果表明,穿靶过程磁异信号清晰易辩,原理可行。

关键词: 侵彻弹药, 引信, 磁异探测, 计层, 仿真分析

Abstract:

The traditional acceleration sensor detection method has the problems of signal oscillation aliasing, serious sticking and difficult accurately to count the layers when the penetrators penetrate multi-layer buildings. An accurate layer counting method for penetration based on the magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) is proposed. The steel bars in the buildings will influence the distribution of the surrounding geomagnetic field. When the fuze penetrates a target with the warhead, the magnetic sensor is used to detect the magnetic anomaly signal (MAS) generated by the geomagnetic field distortion around the floors, so as to complete the state identification of penetration. The magnetic field simulation models of a multi-layer reinforced concrete target and a projectile penetrating multi-layer target are established. The distribution characteristics of magnetic field around the floors and the variation law of magnetic field intensity of fuze during penetration are obtained. The effects of oblique penetration, steel bar density and projectile material on the magnetic signal changes during penetration are analyzed. It is found that there is a clear corresponding relationship between the amplitude of magnetic signal and the position of floors during penetration, and the signal characteristics are obvious. The lower relative permeability of projectile material and the higher density of steel bars in the target are more conducive to the signal processing of magnetic detection. Finally, a MAD experiment is designed and carried out in the laboratory. The experimentl results show that the MAS is clear and easy to be distinguished during penetration, and the principle is proved to be feasible.

Key words: penetrator, fuze, magnetic anomaly detection, layer counting, simulation analysis

中图分类号:

TJ43⁺1.6

王益利, 李长生, 王鑫, 张合, 王晓锋. 基于磁异探测的侵彻引信计层方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(3): 695-704.

WANG Yili, LI Changsheng, WANG Xin, ZHANG He, WANG Xiaofeng. A Layer Counting Method for Penetration Fuze Based on Magnetic Anomaly Detection[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(3): 695-704.

图/表 20

图1 MAD侵彻计层原理示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of MAD-based penetration layer counting

图2 靶板几何模型

Fig.2 Geometric model of target

图3 靶板周围磁场分布

Fig.3 Distribution of magnetic field around the target

图4 均匀磁场中弹体横截面

Fig.4 Cross section of projectile in uniform magnetic field

图5 弹体处于径向地磁场中的示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of projectile in geomagnetic field

图6 沿弹体中心轴线磁通密度分布曲线

Fig.6 Distribution curve of magnetic flux density along the central axis of projectile

图7 联合仿真模型

Fig.7 Co-simulation model

表1 仿真材料参数

Table 1 Parameters of simulation materials

名称	材料	相对磁导率
弹体	Iron alloys	200
引信	Aluminum	1
底螺	Aluminum	1
混凝土	Concrete	1
钢筋	Structural steel	700
分析域	air	1

图8 穿靶过程磁场强度变化

Fig.8 Change of magnetic field intensity during target penetration

图9 侵彻过程磁信号与过载信号变化趋势

Fig.9 Change trend of magnetic signal and overload signal during penetration

图10 实际工况模型图

Fig.10 Model diagram of actual working condition

图11 不同工况磁信号对比

Fig.11 Comparison of magnetic signals under different working conditions

图12 斜侵彻3层钢筋混凝土靶联合仿真模型

Fig.12 Co-simulation model of oblique penetrating into three-layer reinforced concrete target

图13 正侵彻与斜侵彻情况下磁信号对比

Fig.13 Comparison of magnetic signals under normal and oblique penetrations

图14 不同钢筋疏密程度下磁场分布对比图

Fig.14 Comparison curves of magnetic field distribution under the condition of differentsteel bar densities

图15 不同弹体材料下磁信号变化对比

Fig.15 Comparison curves of magnetic signal changes under the condition of different projectile materials

图16 磁探测电路原理框图

Fig.16 Principle block diagram of MAD circuit

图17 磁探测装置

Fig.17 Magnetic detection device

图18 弱磁探测实验模型

Fig.18 Overall experimental model

图19 模拟实验z轴磁异信号变化曲线

Fig.19 z-axis test waveform

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