自旋对弹体侵彻效应的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0864

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解释带有自旋角速度的侵彻弹体在试验和仿真中的更好表现,开发了考虑自旋角速度的弹体侵彻模型。姿态动力学分析表明了一般侵彻情况下自旋角速度引起弹体非平面运动,正侵彻情况下则出现自旋弹体保持平面运动的特殊情况。基于空腔膨胀模型的推导表明,弹靶接触处的切应力方向改变是自旋弹体侵彻阻力减小的原因之一,与剪切效应导致的空腔表面正应力衰减共同构成了侵彻深度增加的机制。刚体运动学推导表明,多层间隔靶侵彻情况下,靶间进动导致弹体轴线与靶面法向夹角增速减缓甚至减小,是弹道稳定性增加的重要原因。自旋角速度改变了弹体侵彻过程的受力和运动形式,导致其侵彻深度和弹道稳定性增加,总体上对弹体侵彻效应起积极作用。

关键词: 侵彻, 自旋效应, 空腔膨胀模型, 多层间隔靶, 弹道稳定性

Abstract:

A projectile penetration model considering spin angular velocity is developed to explain the better performance of penetrating projectile with spin angular velocity in experiment and simulation. The effect of spin angular velocity on the projectile penetration behavior is revealed through theoretical research and simulation. The attitude dynamics analysis shows that the spin angular velocity causes the non-planar motion of projectile in general penetration cases, while the spinning projectile maintains planar motion only in ideal penetration. The derivation based on the cavity expansion theory indicates that the change in the direction of shear stress on the contact surface between projectile and target is one of the reasons for the decrease of penetration resistance. Together with the attenuation of normal stress on the cavity surface caused by shear effect, it forms the mechanism for the increase in penetration depth. The derivation of rigid body kinematics shows that the precession between targets leads to a slowdown or even decrease in the angle of fall, which is an important reason for the increase of ballistic stability in the case of multi-layered target penetration. Therefore, the spin angular velocity changes the force and motion mechanism of projectile throughout penetration, leading to the increase of its penetration depth and ballistic stability.

Key words: penetration, effect of spin, cavity expansion theory, multi-layered target, ballistic stability

中图分类号:

TJ301
TJ302

陈柏翰, 王笠镔, 邹慧辉, 王伟光, 王可慧. 自旋对弹体侵彻效应的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(S1): 117-124.

CHEN Baihan, WANG Libin, ZOU Huihui, WANG Weiguang, WANG Kehui. Influence of Spin on the Penetration Effect of Projectile[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 117-124.

图/表 5

图1 物体坐标系定义

Fig.1 Definition of body coordinates

图2 自旋角速度引起切应力方向改变的示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the change in shear stress direction caused by spin angular velocity

图3 不同半径弹体在1000rad/s的自旋角速度辅助下摩擦因数衰减与侵彻速度的关系

Fig.3 Recession of friction versus penetration velocity, with spin angular velocity of 1000rad/s and different projectile radius

图4 不同自旋角速度辅助下角速度分量随时间的演化

Fig.4 Evolution of angular velocity components at different spin angular velocities

图5 不同自旋角速度辅助下着角随时间的演化

Fig.5 Evolution of angle of fall at different spin angular velocities

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