刚性弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板的理论模型

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0423

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为对弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板弹道和弹体姿态进行快速预估,在开坑阶段基于弹体表面应力分布确定弹体载荷,将攻角作用最明显的开坑阶段细分为弹头进入阶段和完全进入后的剩余开坑阶段,同时考虑斜侵彻时自由表面效应及弹靶接触区域变化对弹体受力的影响,建立弹体带攻角斜侵彻混凝土靶的开坑模型。结合弹体斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶的姿态偏转理论模型中隧道和剪切冲塞阶段模型,构建刚性弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板理论模型,出靶余速与偏转角计算结果与实验吻合较好。模型对给定工况的计算结果表明,在一定倾角条件下,正攻角会加剧弹体的偏转并降低弹体的侵彻能力,负攻角会抑制弹体的偏转且适当的负攻角可提高弹体的侵彻能力。

关键词: 刚性弹, 攻角, 斜侵彻, 贯穿, 混凝土靶

Abstract:

To facilitate the pre-estimation of the trajectory and attitude of rigid projectiles obliquely penetrating into concrete targets at attack angles, an theoretical model of rigid projectiles obliquely penetrating into concrete targets at attack angles is proposed to predicate the influence of attack angle on the motion state of projectiles. This paper offers a new method for calculating the projectile load at the cratering stage by its surface stress distribution, and subdivides the cratering stage into the entering stage of the projectile nose and the remaining stage after the full entry as it is considered that the attack angle has most obvious effects at the cratering stage. Moreover, the influence of free surface effect and contact area change on the stress of the projectile body is considered in the cratering model. Then the tunnel and shear plugging model in the theoretical model of attitude deflection is used to predict the whole process of a rigid projectile obliquely penetrating into a concrete target at an attack angle. The computational results of the motion state of the projectile under different penetration situations are proved to be in good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, the results show that at an oblique angle, the positive attack angle will aggravate the deflection and reduce the penetration ability, while the negative attack angle will inhibit the deflection and the penetration ability can be improved when the negative attack angle is in the right range.

Key words: rigid projectile, attack angle, oblique penetration, perforation, concrete target

中图分类号:

O385

刘泓甫, 黄风雷, 白志玲, 段卓平. 刚性弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板的理论模型[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(8): 2381-2390.

LIU Hongfu, HUANG Fenglei, BAI Zhiling, DUAN Zhuoping. Theoretical Model of Oblique Penetration of Rigid Projectiles into Concrete Targets at Attack Angles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(8): 2381-2390.

图/表 17

图1 弹体初始状态

Fig.1 Initial state of projectile

图2 弹体贯穿不同厚度混凝土靶

Fig.2 Penetration of projectiles into targets of different thicknesses

图3 尖卵形弹带攻角斜侵彻混凝土靶

Fig.3 Oblique penetration of ogive-nose projectile into concrete target at attack angles

图4 弹体坐标示意图

Fig.4 Coordinate of projectile

图5 弹头表面几何关系示意图

Fig.5 Diagram of geometric relation of projectile surface

图6 自由表面效应示意图

Fig.6 Diagram of free surface effects

图7 弹头进入阶段计算过程

Fig.7 Calculation process of the entering stage

图8 不完整开坑阶段计算过程

Fig.8 Calculation process of the incomplete cratering stage

表1 弹体参数

Table 1 Parameters of projectiles

序号	弹径/ m	质心弹尖距离/m	弹长/ m	弹头长/m	弹重/ kg	弹头系数	转动惯量/ (kg·m²)
1	0.030	0.097	0.18	0.058	0.52	4.00	1.4×10^-3
2	0.360	0.743	1.48	0.426	500.00	1.69	76.1
3	0.064	0.179	0.32	0.106	5.04	3.00	3.7×10^-2
4	0.250	1.100	2.20	0.500	438.00	4.50	145.0

表2 靶体参数

Table 2 Parameters of targets

序号	厚度/m	密度/(kg·m^-3)	强度/MPa
1	0.10	2400	40.0
2	1.00	2400	40.0
3	0.42	2420	34.3
4	0.43	2420	34.3
5	1.50	2420	45.0

表3 计算结果与实验结果对比

Table 3 Comparison between computational results and experimental data

实验序号	弹体序号	靶体序号	弹体初始状态				靶厚分类	余速/(m·s^-1)			出靶姿态角/(°)
实验序号	弹体序号	靶体序号	初速/ (m·s^-1)	姿态角/ (°)	倾角/ (°)	攻角/ (°)	靶厚分类	实验值	计算值	相对偏差/%	实验值	计算值	相对偏差/%
1	1	1	705	14.41	15.11	-0.70	薄	624	590	5.4	13.67	13.6	0.5
2	1	1	515	28.54	29.57	-1.03	薄	428	350	18.2	26.74	30	12.2
3	1	1	694	28.28	29.8	-1.52	薄	576	579	0.5	26.63	29	8.9
4	2	2	256	30.8	25	5.8	中厚	73	67	8.2	41	39	4.9
5	3	3	407	15.9	15.9	0	厚	152	160	5.3	20.8	19.2	7.7
6	3	4	407	20.7	20.7	0	厚	168	141	16.1	32.06	26.6	16.8
7	4	5	227	0	0	0	厚	105	97	7.6	0	0	0

图9 轴向阻力

Fig.9 Axial resistance

图10 径向阻力

Fig.10 Radial resistance

图11 攻角对余速的影响

Fig.11 Influence of attack angles on residual velocity

图12 攻角对姿态偏转角的影响

Fig.12 Influence of attack angles on attitude deflection angles

图13 攻角对开坑阶段偏转角的影响

Fig.13 Influence of attack angles on deflection angles in cratering stage

图14 攻角对二次偏转角的影响

Fig.14 Influence of attack angles on secondary deflection angles

参考文献 21

[1]	李鹏程, 张先锋, 刘闯, 等. 攻角和入射角对弹体侵彻混凝土薄靶弹道特性影响规律研究[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2022, 42(11): 113302.
	LI P C, ZHANG X F, LIU C, et al. Study on the influence of pitch and trajectory angle on penetration of projectiles into thin concrete targets[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2022, 42(11):113302. (in Chinese)
[2]	郭松林, 高世桥, 李泽章, 等. 弹引系统攻角侵彻混凝土仿真与试验研究[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2022, 43(1): 135-139, 205.
	GUO S L, GAO S Q, LI Z Z, et al. Experiment and simulation of projectile obliquely penetrating into concrete target at attack angle[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2022, 43(1):135-139, 205. (in Chinese)
[3]	吴普磊, 李鹏飞, 董平, 等. 攻角对弹体斜侵彻多层混凝土靶弹道偏转影响的数值模拟及试验验证[J]. 火炸药学报, 2018, 41(2):202-207. doi: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2018.02.017
	WU P L, LI P F, DONG P, et al. Numerical simulation and experimental verification on the influence of angle of attack on ballistic deflection of oblique penetrating multi-layer concrete targets for projectile[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2018, 41(2):202-207. (in Chinese)
[4]	JENA P K, JAGTAP N, SIVA KUMAR K, et al. Some experimental studies on angle effect in penetration[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2010, 37(5): 489-501. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.11.009 URL
[5]	朱战飞, 石全, 王广彦, 等. 有攻角动能弹垂直侵彻混凝土靶板特性研究[J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2012, 32(2):81-84, 88.
	ZHU Z F, SHI Q, WANG G Y, et al. The characteristic research of kinetic projectile penetrating plumb into concrete target with attack angle[J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance. 2012, 32(2):81-84, 88. (in Chinese)
[6]	路志超, 董永香, 葛超, 等. 刚性弹丸对中厚靶斜侵彻弹道特性研究[C]// 第六届全国强动载效应及防护学术会议暨 2014年复杂介质/结构的动态力学行为创新研究群体学术研讨会论文集. 北京: 中国力学学会爆炸力学专业委员会, 2014:320-328.
	LU Z C, DONG Y X, GE C, et al. Ballistic characteristics on penetrating medium-thick targets with rigid projectile[C]// Proceedings of National Symposium on Dynamic Load and Protection and Dynamic Symposium on Dynamic Mechanics of Complex Media/Structure in 2014. Beijing: professional Committee of explosion mechanics, Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2014:320-328. (in Chinese)
[7]	ZHENG T, CHENG W, LI W. Simulation on projectiles penetrating multi-layered concrete target with attack angle[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, 431(7):072010. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/431/7/072010 URL
[8]	吴世永, 李慧, 宿德志. 具有攻角的钨合金弹侵彻运动靶板的数值模拟研究[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2019, 40(7): 20-24.
	WU S Y, LI H, SU D Z. Numerical simulation study of tungsten alloy projectile penetrating moving target with angle of attack[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2019, 40(7):20-24. (in Chinese)
[9]	马爱娥, 黄风雷, 初哲, 等. 弹体攻角侵彻混凝土数值模拟[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2008, 28(1):33-37.
	MA A E, HUANG F L, CHU Z, et al. Numerical simulation on yawed penetration into concrete[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2008, 28(1):33-37. (in Chinese)
[10]	何翔, 孙桂娟, 徐翔云, 等. 带有一定攻角的弹体对混凝土材料和岩石介质的弹体斜侵彻理论分析[C]// 第六届全国工程结构安全防护学术会议论文集. 洛阳: 中国力学学会, 2007:16-21
	HE X, SUN G J, XU X Y, et al. Theoretical analysis of oblique penetration of a projectile with angle of attack into concrete material and rock medium[C]// Proceedings of the 6th National Conference on Safety Protection of Engineering Structures. Luoyang: Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2007:16-21. (in Chinese)
[11]	高旭东, 李庆明. 带攻角斜侵彻混凝土的弹道偏转分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2014, 35(增刊2):33-39.
	GAO X D, LI Q M. Trajectory analysis of projectile obliquely penetrating into concrete target at attack angle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2014, 35(S2):33-39. (in Chinese)
[12]	CHEN W X, ZHANG Y Y, GUO Z K, et al. Penetration of rigid projectile into concrete target with effect of attack angle: theory and experiment[J]. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, 2017, 17(8):1750080. doi: 10.1142/S0219455417500808 URL
[13]	薛建锋, 沈培辉, 王晓鸣. 弹体攻角侵彻混凝土靶的工程计算模型[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(13):238-244.
	XUE J F, SHEN P H, WANG X M. Engineering calculation model for a projectile’s penetrating into a concrete target with attack angle[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017, 36(13):238-244. (in Chinese)
[14]	CHEN X W, FAN S C, LI Q M. Oblique and normal perforation of concrete targets by a rigid projectile[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2004, 30(6): 617-637. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2003.08.003 URL
[15]	段卓平, 李淑睿, 马兆芳, 等. 刚性弹体斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶的姿态偏转理论模型[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2019, 39(6): 69-76.
	DUAN Z P, LI S R, MA Z F, et al. Analytical model for attitude deflection of rigid projectile during oblique perforation of concrete targets[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2019, 39(6):69-76. (in Chinese)
[16]	DUAN Z P, LI S R, MA Z F, et al. Attitude deflection of oblique perforation of concrete targets by a rigid projectile[J]. Defence Technology, 2020, 16(3):596-608. doi: 10.1016/j.dt.2019.09.009
[17]	FORRESTAL M J, ALTMAN B S, CARGILE J D, et al. An empirical equation for penetration depth of ogive-nose projectiles into concrete targets[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1994, 15(4):395-405. doi: 10.1016/0734-743X(94)80024-4 URL
[18]	LI Q M, CHEN X W. Dimensionless formulae for penetration depth of concrete target impacted by a non-deformable projectile[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2003, 28(1):93-116. doi: 10.1016/S0734-743X(02)00037-4 URL
[19]	WARRN T L, POORMON K L. Penetration of 6061-T6511 aluminum targets by ogive-nosed VAR 4340 steel projectiles at oblique angles: experiments and simulations[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2001, 25(10):993-1022. doi: 10.1016/S0734-743X(01)00024-0 URL
[20]	THOMAS L, WARRN T L, et al. Penetration of limestone targets by ogive-nosed VAR 4340 steel projectiles at oblique angles: experiments and simulations[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2004, 30(10):1307-1331. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2003.09.047 URL
[21]	李金柱, 吕中杰, 张宏松, 等. 弹丸非正侵彻贯穿混凝土靶实验研究[J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2013, 33(5):86-90.
	LI J Z, LÜ Z J, ZHANG H S, et al. Non-ideal perforation experiments of concrete targets with steel projectiles[J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance. 2013, 33(5):86-90. (in Chinese)