埋头弹药二次点火过程复杂流场特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0499

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究大口径埋头弹二次点火过程中燃烧室内部的流场特性,采用基于欧拉-欧拉方法的二维轴对称两相反应流模型,结合动态网格划分理论和用户自定义函数技术,对105mm埋头式穿甲弹的二次点火内弹道过程进行数值模拟。研究结果表明:可燃导向筒破裂后主装药床被点燃,燃气在弹底区域汇聚,形成局部涡流,涡流强度逐渐增大,涡流中心温度逐渐升高;在气相力的作用下,主装药床沿轴向和径向挤压至弹底区域,然后被大量燃气冲散至整个燃烧室;二次点火过程中最大膛底压力为560MPa,炮口初速达到1650m/s。

关键词: 埋头弹药, 两相反应流, 内弹道, 流场特性, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The flow field characteristics inside the combustion chamber during the secondary ignition process of a large caliber cased telescoped ammunition (CTA) is studied. A two-dimensional axisymmetric two-phase reacting flow model based on the Euler-Euler approach is used, combined with dynamic grid division theory and user-defined function technology, to numerically simulate the secondary ignition internal ballistic process of a 105mm CTA armor-piercing projectile. The results show that the main charge bed is ignited after the rupture of combustible guide tube, and the gas converges in the bottom area of the projectile, forming local eddies. The intensity of the eddies gradually increases, and the temperature at the center of the eddies gradually increases. Under the action of gas phase force, the main charge bed is compressed axially and radially to the bottom area of the projectile, and then is dispersed by a large amount of gas into the entire combustion chamber. It is found that the maximum breech pressure during the secondary ignition process is 560MPa, and the muzzle velocity reaches 1650m/s.

Key words: cased telescoped ammunition, two-phase reacting flow, internal ballistics, flow field characteristic, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TJ301

郭俊廷, 余永刚. 埋头弹药二次点火过程复杂流场特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(7): 2282-2293.

GUO Junting, YU Yonggang. Complex Flow Field Characteristics inside Combustion Chamber During the Secondary Ignition Process of CTA[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2282-2293.

图/表 20

图1 埋头弹药结构示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of CTA structure

图2 七孔火药示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of seven-perforation propellant

图3 埋头弹二次点火过程计算域

Fig.3 Calculation domain of secondary ignition process for CTA

图4 燃烧室压力沿轴向分布曲线(1.4ms时刻)

Fig.4 Axial distribution curve of combustion chamber pressure (1.4ms)

图5 模拟所得膛底压力-时间曲线与实验结果比较

Fig.5 Comparison of simulated breech pressure-time curve with experimental results

表1 一次点火过程计算参数

Table 1 Calculation parameters for the first ignition process

参数	数值	参数	数值
ω_b/kg	0.007	ρ_p/(kg·m^-3)	1600
f_b/(kJ·kg^-1)	950	m/kg	6
p_0b/MPa	10	l_gb/m	0.15

图6 一次点火过程内弹道参量随时间t变化曲线

Fig.6 Curves of internal ballistic parameters over time during the first ignition process

图7 二次点火过程初始时刻示意图

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of the initial moment of the secondary ignition process

表2 二次点火过程计算参数

Table 2 Calculation parameters for the secondary ignition process

参数	数值	参数	数值
ω_m/kg	5.9	α	0.001
l_gm/m	5	c_p/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	1825
ρ_p/(kg·m^-3)	1600	λ_g/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	24.38
f_m/(kJ·kg^-1)	1225	p_0m/MPa	30
φ₁	1.12	k	1.25

图8 二次点火过程中燃烧室内压力分布及流线分布

Fig.8 Distribution and streamline distribution of pressure in the combustion chamber during the secondary ignition process

图9 二次点火过程中燃烧室内气相速度矢量图

Fig.9 Velocity vector diagram of gas phase in the combustion chamber during the secondary ignition process

图10 不同时刻燃气轴向速度沿轴线分布情况

Fig.10 Axial velocity distribution of gas along the axis at different times

图11 不同时刻燃气径向速度沿r=54.5mm面分布情况

Fig.11 Radial velocity distribution of gas phase along the annular surface (r=54.5mm) at different times

图12 二次点火过程中燃烧室内空隙率分布云图

Fig.12 Distribution of void fraction in the combustion chamber during the secondary ignition process

图13 二次点火过程中燃烧室内气相温度分布云图

Fig.13 Distribution of gas phase temperature in the combustion chamber during the secondary ignition process

图14 不同时刻压力沿轴线分布

Fig.14 Pressure distribution along the axis at different times

图15 不同监测点处压力随时间变化曲线

Fig.15 Curves of pressure over time at different monitoring points

图16 膛底压力及弹底压力随时间t变化曲线

Fig.16 Curves of breech pressure and bottom pressure over with time

图17 弹丸速度v随时间t变化曲线

Fig.17 Curve of projectile velocity over time

图18 弹丸速度v随位移l变化曲线

Fig.18 Projectile velocity-displacement curve

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