横向过载下锥孔三维药柱的内弹道特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0162

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高空中作机动飞行的导弹易出现内弹道异常,严重时可能导致飞行任务失败。为了分析内弹道异常机理,对横向过载下发动机内弹道特性展开研究,进行过载下丁羟三组元推进剂燃速测量试验,建立过载下该推进剂燃速模型;基于此模型,模拟锥孔三维药柱非均匀燃面退移,进行全程横向过载、短时恒定横向过载、短时振荡横向过载三种过载方式下发动机的内弹道特性研究。研究结果表明:横向过载会使燃烧室压强增加,绝热层暴露时间提前;振荡式过载产生的压强振荡频率与过载振荡频率一致;瞬间横向过载会使燃烧室压强发生跃迁,在100g过载下,压强增加8%左右,过载消失,压强骤降;若受横向过载时间间隔一定,则导弹在压强稳定时做机动飞行更有利。

关键词: 锥孔三维药柱, 燃速, 燃面退移, 横向过载, 内弹道

Abstract:

The occurrence of internal ballistic anomalies during high-altitude missile maneuvering can result in flight mission failures. To analyze the abnormal mechanism of internal ballistics, the internal ballistics characteristics of motor under lateral overload were studied. Experimental measurements of the burning rate of HTPB ternary propellant under overload conditions were conducted, and a burning rate model of the propellant under overload was established. Based on this model, the non-uniform combustion surface retreat of cone-hole grain was simulated. The interior ballistic characteristics of cone-hole grain under three overload modes, namely, full lateral overload, short-time constant lateral overload, and short-time oscillation lateral overload, were studied. The results show that lateral overload increases the pressure in the combustion chamber and accelerates the exposure time of the insulation layer. The pressure oscillation frequency produced by oscillating overload is consistent with that of overload oscillation. Instantaneous lateral overload leads to a transitional increase in combustion chamber pressure. Under 100g overload, the pressure increases by about 8%, the overload disappears, and the pressure plummets. When the lateral overload time interval is constant, stable pressure conditions are advantageous for missile maneuvering under overload conditions.

Key words: conical three-dimensional cylinder, burning rate, burning surface retreat, lateral overload, interior ballistics

田忠亮, 李军伟, 贺业, 许团委, 丁淼, 王宁飞. 横向过载下锥孔三维药柱的内弹道特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(7): 1896-1907.

TIAN Zhongliang, LI Junwei, HE Ye, XU Tuanwei, DING Miao, WANG Ningfei. Analysis of Interior Ballistic Characteristics of Conical Three-Dimensional Charge Column Under Lateral Overload[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(7): 1896-1907.

图/表 20

图1 装药结构尺寸示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the structure and dimensions of the grain

图2 燃烧过程示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the combustion process

图3 燃面退移示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the retreat of the combustion surface

图4 有横向过载时燃面退移示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the retreat of the combustion surface with lateral overload

图5 t1时刻到t1+Δt时刻内燃面退移局部放大图

Fig.5 Partial enlarged view of the retreat of internal combustion surface from t1 to t1+Δt

图6 t1时刻的燃面求解微元

Fig.6 Solving element of burning surface at time t1

图7 t1时刻燃面形状

Fig.7 Burning surface shape at t1

图8 计算发动机尺寸示意图

Fig.8 Calculation of the motor size

图9 内弹道计算流程

Fig.9 Internal ballistics calculation process

图10 三维软件平行层退移与本文计算结果对比

Fig.10 Comparison of parallel layer retreat of 3D software and this paper

图11 试验结果与本文计算结果对比

Fig.11 Comparison between the experimental results and calculations in this paper

图12 燃速增加率随过载、方位角大小的变化关系

Fig.12 Relationship between the rate of increasing burning rate and the magnitude of overload and azimuth

表1 0g、50g三维燃面退移过程

Table 1 30g, 50g three-dimensional combustion surface retreat process

图13 横向过载下内弹道特性图

Fig.13 Internal ballistic characteristic diagram with lateral overload

图14 压强增加百分比、绝热层暴露时间和比冲对比

Fig.14 Comparison of percent pressure increase, thermal insulation exposure time, and specific impulse

图15 A截面和右侧截面燃烧肉厚随时间的变化关系

Fig.15 Variation of burning meat thickness with time in Section A and right section

图16 t为6~9s内施加过载的内弹道特性

Fig.16 Internal ballistic characteristics of overload applied during t=6-9s

图17 4个时间段内施加横向过载的数据对比

Fig.17 Data comparison of applied lateral overload in four time periods

图18 振荡过载对内弹道特性的影响

Fig.18 Influence of oscillation overload on internal ballistic characteristics

图19 强振荡与过载振荡对比

Fig.19 Comparison of pressure oscillation and overload oscillation

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