水压驱动两级提拉式水下发射装置内弹道建模

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0670

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对大深度环境水下发射技术需求,提出一种利用水压驱动两级提拉式水下新型发射方案。利用大深度环境高压水驱动两级活塞实现武器快速发射。建立武器出管过程动力学模型,开展高压水驱动方案原理验证试验,并与高压气体驱动方案进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:水压驱动与气体驱动方案的内弹道结果基本一致,高压水发射方案在大深度环境具有显著优势;加速度峰值出现在发射瞬时和级间转换过程,级间转换过程武器加速度存在显著的陡变现象;水下发射武器出管过程弹道预报结果得出,在发射水深100~500m条件下,武器出管过程最大速度范围为 7.4~15.3m/s,最大加速度小于100m/s²;研究结果验证了水压驱动两级活塞式发射方案的可行性,为装置的进一步研制开发提供了设计依据。

关键词: 大深度水下发射, 水压驱动, 两级活塞缸, 内弹道建模

Abstract:

In order to meet the requirements of underwater launch technology in large deep environment, a new water-driven underwater launch device with two-stage piston is proposed. The launch device is driven by high-pressure water in large deep environment to launch projectiles rapidly. A dynamic model of projectile pulled out of launching tube is established, and the principle verification test using high-pressure water-driven scheme is carried out. And the test data are compared with those of the reference test using high-pressure gas-driven scheme. The results show that the interior trajectories of water- and gas-driven schemes are basically the same. The comparative advantage of the high-pressure water-driven scheme is very obvious in large depth environment. The peak acceleration appears mainly in two moving processes, namely the launching instant and interstage transition between two stage pistons. The acceleration of projectile motion changes sharply in the interstage transition. The trajectory predicted results show that the maximum velocity range is 7.4-15.3m/s and the maximum acceleration is less than 100m/s²under the condition of the underwater launching depth of 100-500m. The results verify the feasibility of the underwater launch device of two-stage piston driven by water pressure, which provides the design basis for the further development of launch device.

Key words: underwater launch in large deep water, water drive, two-stage piston cylinder, modeling of interior trajectory

中图分类号:

TJ63⁺5

丁彦超, 王宝寿, 吴文婷, 刘新辉, 童心. 水压驱动两级提拉式水下发射装置内弹道建模[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(2): 594-605.

DING Yanchao, WANG Baoshou, WU Wenting, LIU Xinhui, TONG Xin. Modeling of Interior Trajectory of Water-driven Underwater Launch Device with Two-stage Piston[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(2): 594-605.

图/表 29

图1 发射装置结构原理图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of launch devicestructure

图2 活塞缓冲组件缓冲原理图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of piston buffering

图3 发射装置工作原理示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of working principle of launch device

图4 一点约束状态武器运动示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of projectile moving in one-point constrained state

图5 两点约束状态武器运动示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of projectile moving in two-points constrained state

图6 仿真迭代流程图

Fig.6 Flow chartof simulation iteration

图7 地面原理试验示意图

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of ground principle experiment

图8 地面原理试验发射装置实物图

Fig.8 Photo of launch device for ground principle test

表1 发射装置参数表

Table 1 Parameter list of launch device

参数名称	原理试验数值	水下发射仿真数值
A₁/cm²	28.9	58.9
A₂/cm²	19.6	19.6,39.2,58.8
A₃/cm²	25.0	37.7
S₁/cm²	113.0	113.0
S₂/cm²	70.9	70.9
S₃/cm²	54.0	54.0
S₄/cm²	12.6	12.6

表2 原理试验参数初始值

Table 2 Initial value list of input variable

参数名称	原理试验数值	水下发射仿真数值
p_a/MPa	1.8	1.1,3.1,5.1
p₁/MPa	0.1	1.1,3.1,5.1
p₂/MPa	0.1	1.1,3.1,5.1
p₃/MPa	0.1	1.1,3.1,5.1
p₄/MPa	0.1	0.1
Δ₁/cm³	20	20
Δ₂/cm³	18	18
Δ₃/cm³	11000	11000
Δ₄/cm³	50000	50000
t₁/s	0	0
t₂/s	0.15	0.15
t₃/s	0.35	0.30

图9 不同工作原理试验武器加速度ax变化

Fig.9 Acceleration ax curves of projectile in tests with different working principles

图10 不同工作原理试验武器运动速度vx变化

Fig.10 Velocity vx curves of projectile in tests with different working principles

图11 活塞缸环腔压力变化

Fig.11 Pressure curve of piston cylinder

图12 武器加速度ax变化

Fig.12 Acceleration ax curves of projectile

图13 武器运动速度vx变化

Fig.13 Velocity vx curves of projectile

图14 武器俯仰角变化

Fig.14 Pitch angle curve of projectile

图15 武器质心位移y变化

Fig.15 Displacement y curves of projectile

图16 活塞缸环形腔压力变化

Fig.16 Pressure curves of piston cylinder

图17 活塞缸级间水流流速变化

Fig.17 Speed of waterlow between piston cylinders

图18 不同进水孔直径方案加速度ax变化

Fig.18 Acceleration ax curves of different water inlet holes

图19 不同进水孔直径方案速度vx变化

Fig.19 Velocity vx curves of different water inlet holes

图20 一级活塞缸压力p3变化

Fig.20 Pressure p3 curve of the first stage piston

图21 一级活塞缸活塞速度u1变化

Fig.21 Velocity u1 curve of the first stage piston

图22 不同阻尼孔方案水流速度变化

Fig.22 Flow velocity curves of different damping holes

图23 不同阻尼孔方案加速度ax变化

Fig.23 Acceleration ax curves of different damping holes

图24 不同环境压力加速度ax变化

Fig.24 Acceleration ax vs. ambient pressure

图25 不同环境压力速度vx变化

Fig.25 Velocity vx vs. ambient pressure

图26 不同环境压力俯仰角θ变化

Fig.26 Pitch angle θ vs. ambient pressure

图27 不同环境压力尾部位移ya变化

Fig.27 Tail displacement ya vs. ambient pressure

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