氧含量对空桶燃烧室内液态煤油旋转爆轰传播特性的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0499

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旋转爆轰发动机作为一种极具潜力的新型空天动力装置,是当前航空航天推进领域的研究热点和前沿。以液态煤油为燃料、富氧空气为氧化剂,通过改变富氧空气中的氧含量和当量比,开展氧含量对空桶燃烧室内液态煤油旋转爆轰传播特性影响的实验研究,实验在文献[15]的环形燃烧室研究基础上进行。借助空桶燃烧室将常温条件下液态煤油富氧空气旋转爆轰波稳定传播所需的氧含量成功降低至0.28。实验过程中不同氧含量和当量比下旋转爆轰波均以单波模态传播。研究结果表明:当量比约为1时,爆轰波平均速度随着富氧空气中氧含量的增加而增大,氧含量为0.28时旋转爆轰波平均传播速度为1742.7m/s,且在较低氧含量条件下爆轰波传播速度低于理论速度;在较高氧含量(0.34~0.43)条件下爆轰波过驱;氧含量对爆轰波稳定性具有重要的影响,氧含量0.28条件下当量比增加至1.31时爆轰稳定性较差,氧含量0.38条件下当量比1.35时爆轰波仍具有较高的稳定性。

关键词: 液态煤油, 旋转爆轰, 空桶燃烧室, 氧含量, 传播特性

Abstract:

The rotating detonation engine,as a highly promising aerospace propulsion system,is currently a research hotspot and frontier in the field of aerospace propulsion.The effect of oxygen content on the propagation characteristics of rotating detonation waves of liquid kerosene in a hollow combustor is investigated experimentally by varying the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air and the equivalence ratio.The experiment is conducted based on the research on the annular combustor in Ref.[15].The oxygen content required for the stable propagation of liquid kerosene-oxygen-enriched air rotating detonation wave in the hollow combustor under ambient temperature condition is successfully decreased to 0.28.The rotating detonation wave propagates in single mode under different oxygen contents and equivalence ratios during the experiment.When the equivalence ratio is approximately 1,the average velocity of detonation wave increases with the increase in the oxygen content in the oxygen-enriched air.For the oxygen content of 0.28,the average propagation velocity of rotating detonation wave is 1 742.7m/s.The propagation velocity of detonation wave is lower than the theoretical velocity under the condition of lower oxygen content,while the detonation wave is over-driven under the condition of higher oxygen content (0.34-0.43).The oxygen content has a significant impact on the stability of detonation wave. The stability of detonation wave is poor with an oxygen content of 0.28 when the equivalence ratio increases to 1.31,while the detonation wave still maintains a high level of stability with an oxygen content of 0.38 when the equivalent ratio is 1.35.

Key words: liquid kerosene, rotating detonation, hollow combustor, oxygen content, propagation characteristic

中图分类号:

V231.22

李乐乐, 韩新培, 肖强, 白桥栋, 郑权, 翁春生. 氧含量对空桶燃烧室内液态煤油旋转爆轰传播特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(6): 240499-.

LI Lele, HAN Xinpei, XIAO Qiang, BAI Qiaodong, ZHENG Quan, WENG Chunsheng. Effect of Oxygen Content on the Propagation Characteristics of Liquid Kerosene Rotating Detonation Wave in Hollow Combustor[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(6): 240499-.

图/表 21

图1 实验系统示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of test system

图2 混合结构示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of mixing section

图3 压力传感器布置

Fig.3 Layout of pressure sensors

图4 时间序列

Fig.4 Time sequence

表1 实验参数

Table 1 Experimental parameters

Case	煤油/ (g·s^-1)	空气流量/ (g·s^-1)	氧气流量/ (g·s^-1)	氧含量	当量比	波速/ (m·s^-1)	传播模态
1	82.8	487.8	168.4	0.43	1.00	2036.6	单波
2	44.0	489.7	121.0	0.38	0.64	1668.3	单波
3	56.3	489.3	120.3	0.38	0.82	1903.3	单波
4	62.4	489.8	120.2	0.38	0.91	1954.7	单波
5	71.1	490.3	120.3	0.38	1.04	1999.4	单波
6	82.5	489.3	119.1	0.38	1.21	2036.1	单波
7	91.8	489.2	118.7	0.38	1.35	2055.4	单波
8	60.9	484.0	94.2	0.36	1.01	1960.3	单波
9	57.9	487.5	82.8	0.34	1.01	1931.1	单波
10	49.7	487.2	50.3	0.30	1.04	1849.6	单波
11	42.0	487.1	32.7	0.28	0.99	1742.7	单波
12	49.0	487.0	33.2	0.28	1.15	1839.7	单波
13	55.8	486.0	36.8	0.28	1.28	1860.0	单波
14	55.9	487.3	32.6	0.28	1.31	1818.5	单波
15	62.0	490.0	32.8	0.28	1.45	1771.0	单波
16	64.9	488.2	32.6	0.28	1.52

图5 Case 11中PCB2压力信号

Fig.5 Pressure signal of PCB2 in Case 11

图6 p1和p8的静压曲线

Fig.6 Static pressure curves of p1 and p8

图7 Case 1中PCB2压力信号

Fig.7 Pressure signal of PCB2 in Case 1

图8 PCB1、PCB2、PCB3在点火过程中的压力曲线

Fig.8 Pressure curves of PCB1,PCB2 and PCB3 in the ignition process

图9 PCB压力峰值间隔

Fig.9 Pressure peak intervals of PCB

图10 tDDT随氧含量的变化

Fig.10 Change of tDDT with oxygen content

图11 波速随氧含量的变化

Fig.11 Change of wave velocity with oxygen content

图12 爆轰波压力随氧含量的变化

Fig.12 Cahnge of detonation wave pressure with oxygen content

图13 Case 5压力信号

Fig.13 Pressure signal in Case 5

图14 Case 5压力峰值和波速曲线

Fig.14 Pressure peaks and wave velocity in Case 5

图15 Case 5高速摄影图像

Fig.15 High-speed photography in Case 5

图16 Case 11压力信号频域分析图

Fig.16 Analysis graphics of pressure signal frequency domain in Case 11

图17 Case 11压力峰值和波速曲线

Fig.17 Pressure peaks and wave velocity in Case 11

图18 波速随当量比的变化

Fig.18 Change of wave velocity with equivalence ratio

图19 Case 16压力信号

Fig.19 Pressure signal in Case 16

图20 不同当量比下爆轰波速的相对标准差

Fig.20 Relative standard deviation of detonation wave velocity at different equivalence ratios

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