氢气占比对氢气-煤油-空气旋转爆轰波传播特性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究燃料中氢气占比对旋转爆轰波传播特性的影响，以液态煤油和氢气作为燃料、空气为氧化剂，通过求解Navier-Stokes 方程对旋转爆轰过程进行二维数值模拟。通过改变质量流量和燃料中氢气的占比对旋转爆轰波进行二维数值模拟，研究不同工况对旋转爆轰波传播特性的影响，并对燃烧室内新爆轰波形成过程、模态转换过程和气液分布不均匀现象进行分析。结果表明：在成功起爆工况下，爆轰波有3种传播模态，即单波模态、双波对撞转单波模态和双波对撞转双波模态，提高质量流量或氢气占比有利于爆轰波由单波模态向双波模态转换，模态过度区内存在波速突降；在爆轰波第1个传播周期即将结束时，初始点火起爆形成的正向爆轰和反向激波对撞并透射，透射激波在缓燃区附近诱导产生局部热点并形成新的爆轰波，经过一系列对撞、透射湮灭和增强过程，最终形成稳定的单波或双波模态；当爆轰波稳定后，由于燃烧室内气液分布不均匀，旋转爆轰波稳定传播时内流场可以分为缓燃区、富燃区、富氧区和填充区共4个区域；缓燃区附近局部热点的产生是新爆轰波形成原因之一。

关键词: 氢气-煤油混合燃料, 旋转爆轰波, 气体-液体两相爆轰, 传播特性, 气液不均匀

Abstract: The influence of hydrogen proportion on the propagation characteristics of rotating detonation waves is studied. Two-dimensional numerical simulation of rotating detonation process was made by solving the Navier-Stokes equation，in which liquid kerosene and hydrogen were used as fuel，and air was used as oxidant. The influence of different working conditions on the propagation characteristics of rotating detonation wave is studied by changing the mass flow rate and the proportion of hydrogen，and the formation process of new detonation wave，the mode conversion process and the mal-distribution of gas and liquid in the combustion chamber are analyzed. Numerical results show that the detonation wave has three propagation modes，namely single wave mode，single wave mode caused by double wave collision and double wave mode caused by double wave collision，under the successful detonation condition. The double wave mode is easily generated by increasing mass flow rate and hydrogen proportion，and the propagation velocity of rotating detonation wave suddenly decreases when propagation mode changes from single wave to double wave. At the end of the first propagation period of detonation wave， the weak shock wave generated during the initial ignition collides with the detonation wave and transmits it. A hot spot is induced by the transmitted shock wave near the slow-burning area and forms a new detonation wave. After a series of collisions，transmitting，and enhancing processes，a stable single wave mode or double wave mode is finally formed. When the detonation wave stabilizes，the internal flow field during the stable propagation of rotating detonation wave in the combustion chamber can be divided into slow-burning area，combustion-rich area，oxygen-rich area and filling area due to the mal-distribution of gas and liquid in the combustion chamber.The formation of hot spots near the slow-burning area is one of the reasons for the formation of new detonation wave.

Key words: hydrogen-kerosenemixedfuel, rotatingdetonationwave, gas-liquidtwo-phasedetonation, propagationcharacteristics, mal-distributionofgasandliquid

中图分类号:

V434⁺.13

吴明亮，郑权，续晗，翁春生，白桥栋. 氢气占比对氢气-煤油-空气旋转爆轰波传播特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(1): 86-97.

WU Mingliang， ZHENG Quan， XU Han， WENG Chunsheng， BAI Qiaodong. The Influence of Hydrogen Proportion on the Propagation Characteristics of Hydrogen-kerosene-air Rotating Detonation Waves[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(1): 86-97.

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