燃烧室结构对煤油预燃裂解气旋转爆轰特性的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0491

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在固定来流条件下,改变旋转爆轰燃烧室宽度和出口阻塞比,实验研究上述结构对煤油预燃裂解气与空气旋转爆轰传播特性的影响。实验结果表明:适宜的燃烧室宽度和出口宽度能够促进旋转爆轰波 (Rotating Detonation Wave,RDW)的稳定自持传播,当燃烧室宽度为20mm和 26mm,燃烧室出口宽度为4~8mm时,煤油预燃裂解气和空气能够成功起爆并能稳定传播,增加燃烧室的宽度, RDW传播速度和稳定性均有提升;随着出口阻塞比增加,RDW传播模态经历了稳定单波模态、间断单波模态和双波同向模态,阻塞比的增加能提升燃烧室末端反射激波的强度,促进多波头的产生,RDW传播速度和压力随着阻塞比的增加,经历了升高后降低的变化。

关键词: 煤油预燃裂解气, 旋转爆轰, 燃烧室结构, 传播模态

Abstract:

The width and outlet blockage ratio of rotating detonation combustion chamber are changed under the condition of fixed incoming flow. The effect of combustor configuration on the rotating detonation characteristics of kerosene pre-combustion cracking gas and air was experimentally investigated. The experimental results show that suitable combustor width and outlet width can promote stable self-sustaining propagation of rotating detonation wave (RDW). When the width of combustor is 20mm or 26mm and the width of combustor outlet is 4~8mm, the kerosene pre-combustion cracking gas and air can be successfully detonated and can propagate stably. The propagation velocity and stability of RDW are improved by increasing the width of combustor. With the increase in outlet blockage ratio, the RDW propagation mode experiences stable single rotating detonation wave (SRDW) mode, intermittent single rotating detonation wave (ISRDW) mode and two-co rotating detonation waves (TCORDW) mode. The blockage ratio can be increased to improve the intensity of reflected shock wave at the end of combustor and promote the generation of multiple wave heads. RDW propagation velocity and pressure increase first and then decrease with the increase in blockage ratio.

Key words: kerosene pre-combustion cracking gas, rotating detonation, combustor configuration, propagation mode

中图分类号:

TJ301

韩家祥, 白桥栋, 邱晗, 郑权, 翁春生. 燃烧室结构对煤油预燃裂解气旋转爆轰特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(8): 2837-2850.

HAN Jiaxiang, BAI Qiaodong, QIU Han, ZHENG Quan, WENG Chunsheng. Influence of Combustor Configuration on Rotating Detonation Characteristics of Kerosene Pre-combustion Cracking Gas[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(8): 2837-2850.

图/表 23

图1 煤油预燃裂解气/空气旋转爆轰实验系统示意图

Fig.1 Kerosene pre-combustion cracking gas/air rotating detonation experiment system

图2 实验装置图

Fig.2 Experimental device

图3 燃烧室结构示意图

Fig.3 Combustor configuration

图4 高频动态压力传感器安装位置

Fig.4 Installation position of high frequency dynamic pressure sensor

图5 实验过程P1~P6静态压力

Fig.5 P1~P6 static pressure curves in experimental process

图6 煤油预燃裂解气集气腔温度

Fig.6 Temperature curve of kerosene pre-combustion cracking gas collecting chamber

表1 不同燃烧室结构下的实验结果

Table 1 Experimental results under different combustor configurations

工况	燃烧室宽度/mm	出口宽度/mm	阻塞比	传播主频/ Hz	波速/ (m·s^-1)	传播模态
1	8	8	0			失败
2	14	8	0.39			失败
3	14	14	0			失败
4	20	4	0.76	5791±44	1000.6±15.2	TCORDW
5	20	6	0.65	3095±36	1069.6±12.4	ISRDW
6	20	8	0.55	3090±50	1067.8±17.3	SRDW
7	20	14	0.25			失败
8	20	20	0			失败
9	26	4	0.81	6363±17	1099.5±5.9	TCORDW
10	26	6	0.71	3421±42	1182.2±14.5	ISRDW
11	26	8	0.63	3358±40	1160.4±13.8	SRDW
12	26	14	0.38			失败
13	26	20	0.18			失败
14	26	26	0			失败

图7 PCB1高频动态压力

Fig.7 PCB1 high frequency dynamic pressure curve

图8 爆轰波频域分析

Fig.8 Analysis diagram of detonation wave frequency domain

表2 煤油预燃裂解气组分

Table 2 Kerosene pre-combustion cracking gas component

主要组分	CH₄	C₂H₆	H₂	C
质量分数	0.45207	0.00004	0.0117	0.47763

图9 SRDW模态高频动态压力

Fig.9 High frequency dynamic pressure of SRDW mode

图10 ISRDW模态高频动态压力

Fig.10 High frequency dynamic pressure of ISRDW mode

图11 ISRDW模态爆轰波频域分析

Fig.11 Analysis diagram of detonation wave frequency domain of ISRDW mode

图12 TCRDW模态

Fig.12 TCRDW mode

图13 SRDW模态

Fig.13 SRDW mode

图14 TCRDW到SRDW的模态转变过程

Fig.14 Mode transition from TCRDW to SRDW

图15 TCORDW模态高频动态压力

Fig.15 High frequency dynamic pressure of TCORDW mode

图16 TCORDW模态爆轰波频域分析

Fig.16 Analysis diagram of detonation wave frequency domain of TCORDW mode

图17 TCORDW模态

Fig.17 TCORDW mode

图18 RDC静态压力

Fig.18 RDC static pressure

图19 RDW波速随燃烧室出口宽度变化

Fig.19 Variation of RDW wave velocity with the outlet width of combustor

表3 RDW平均压力及稳定性

Table 3 RDW propagation pressure and stability

燃烧室出口宽度/mm	燃烧室宽度/ mm	平均压力/ MPa	变异系数
4	20	0.17±0.05	0.30
	26	0.30±0.06	0.19
6	20	0.65±0.16	0.25
	26	0.56±0.10	0.19
8	20	0.5±0.11	0.22
	26	0.38±0.06	0.17

图20 RDW传播压力及稳定性分析

Fig.20 RDW propagation pressure and stability analysis

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