颗粒注射速度对铝粉/空气两相旋转爆轰波的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0895

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究颗粒注射速度对非预混铝粉/空气旋转爆轰波传播特性的影响,通过采用离散相模型、具有有限速率动力学/扩散表面燃烧模型的一步表面反应、多步可逆气相分解反应以及考虑未完全燃烧颗粒的挥发,对注射温度为300K的铝颗粒和来流总温为900K的高温空气进行二维数值模拟研究。研究结果表明:由于入口附近颗粒注射速度低于空气的注射速度,空气三角区和颗粒三角区无法完全重合;当颗粒注射速度从1m/s增加到100m/s时,爆轰波的速度和温度先减小后增加;颗粒和空气在注入燃烧室时存在较大的温度差异,导致爆轰波不稳定传播;颗粒注射速度为70m/s时,爆轰波的稳定性最好。

关键词: 旋转爆轰波, 颗粒注射速度, 气固两相流, 铝粉, 传播特性

Abstract:

The effect of particle injection velocity on the two-phase flow field of a rotating detonation engine fueled by aluminum powder and air is studied. The two-dimensional rotating detonation combustion for the aluminum particles with the injection temperature of 300K and the high temperature air with the total inflow temperature of 900K is simulated by using the discrete phase model, one-step surface reaction including kinetic/diffusion-limited rate surface combustion model and multiple-step gas phase decomposition reaction model and considering the devolatilization of incompletely unburned particles. Results show that the particle injection velocity near the inlet is lower than that of air, which results in an incomplete overlap between the air triangle and the particle triangle. As the particle injection velocity increases from 1m/s to 100m/s, the detonation velocity and temperature first decreases and then increases. There is a significant temperature difference between particles and air injected into the combustion chamber, which leads to unstable detonation wave propagation. The detonation wave has the best stability when the particle injection velocity is 70m/s.

Key words: rotating detonation wave, particle injection velocity, gas-solid two-phase flow, aluminum powder, propagation characteristic

中图分类号:

V321.22

李世全, 祝文超, 孙方平, 王宇辉, 王健平. 颗粒注射速度对铝粉/空气两相旋转爆轰波的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(4): 1148-1157.

LI Shiquan, ZHU Wenchao, SUN Fangping, WANG Yuhui, WANG Jianping. Effect of Particle Injection Velocity on Aluminum Powder/air Two-phase Rotating Detonation Waves[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(4): 1148-1157.

图/表 15

图1 RDE的二维模型

Fig.1 A two-dimensional model of RDE

表1 颗粒表面反应所需的计算参数[26]

Table 1 Calculation parameters of particle surface reaction[26]

计算参数	数值
ρ_p0/(kg·m^-3)	2719
H_reac/(J·kg^-1)	3.1×10⁷
c_p,_p/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	871
S_b	0.89
C_i/(kg·m^-2·s^-1·Pa^-1)	5.0×10^-12
C_j/(kg·m^-2·s^-1)	200
E_k/(J·kmol^-1)	9.55×10⁷

表2 多步可逆分解反应的计算参数[27-28]

Table 2 Calculation parameters of multi-step reverse decomposition reactions[27-28]

编号	分解反应	A_r	β	E_r/(J·kmol^-1)
R2	Al₂O₃⇔Al₂O₂+O⁺	3.0×10¹⁵	0	4.0875×10⁸
R3	Al₂O₂⇔2AlO	1.0×10¹⁵	0	4.9352×10⁸
R4	Al₂O₂⇔Al₂O+O⁺	1.0×10¹⁵	0	4.3638×10⁸
R5	Al₂O⇔AlO+Al	1.0×10¹⁵	0	5.5766×10⁸
R6	O⁺+O⁺+M⇔O₂+M	6.17×10¹⁵	-0.5	0

图2 颗粒注射速度为10m/s时不同网格尺寸的温度云图

Fig.2 Temperature contours with different grid sizes for vp=10m/s

表3 颗粒注射速度为10m/s时不同网格尺寸下的爆轰波参数

Table 3 Parameters of RDWs with different cell sizes for vp=10m/s

网格尺寸/mm	v_D/(m·s^-1)
网格尺寸/mm	计算值	实验值^[29]	相对误差/%
0.40	1590	1480	7.43
0.30	1600		8.10
0.25	1610		8.78
0.20	1520		2.70

图3 颗粒注射速度为1m/s时流场结构云图

Fig.3 Contours of flow field for vp=1m/s

图4 颗粒注射速度为1m/s时在y=0.1mm处沿x轴的空气和颗粒沿轴向速度变化

Fig.4 Profiles of the axial velocity of air and particles along x axis at y=0.1mm for vp=1m/s

图5 颗粒注射速度为1m/s时的DPM浓度云图

Fig.5 Contours of DPM concentration for vp =1m/s

图6 颗粒注射速度为1m/s时在x=4.2cm处沿y轴的DPM浓度分布曲线

Fig.6 DPM concentration distribution along y axis at x=4.2cm for vp=1m/s

图7 不同颗粒注射速度的局部当量比云图

Fig.7 Contours of local equivalence ratios at different particle injection velocities

表4 不同颗粒注射速度下的爆轰波参数

Table 4 Parameters of RDW at different particle injection velocities

v_p/(m·s^-1)	$φ ¯ L$	v_D/(m·s^-1)	平均压力/MPa	平均温度/K
1	1.426	1530	2.54	4076
10	1.405	1520	2.58	4063
40	1.394	1490	2.61	4042
70	1.369	1460	2.54	4036
100	1.328	1480	2.51	4048

表4 不同颗粒注射速度下的爆轰波参数

Table 4 Parameters of RDW at different particle injection velocities

v_p/(m·s^-1)	$φ ¯ L$	v_D/(m·s^-1)	平均压力/MPa	平均温度/K
1	1.426	1530	2.54	4076
10	1.405	1520	2.58	4063
40	1.394	1490	2.61	4042
70	1.369	1460	2.54	4036
100	1.328	1480	2.51	4048

图8 颗粒注射速度为100m/s时监测点(10cm, 0.4cm)上压力曲线

Fig.8 Pressure traces at monitor point(10cm, 0.4cm) for vp=100m/s

图9 颗粒注射速度为100m/s时填充区域空气和颗粒温度云图

Fig.9 Temperature contours of air and particles in the filling areas for vp=100m/s

图10 颗粒注射速度为100m/s时不同时刻的温度和压力局部放大云图

Fig.10 Local enlarged views of temperature and pressure at different moments for vp=100m/s

图11 不同颗粒注射速度下的Sp和Sf的变化

Fig.11 Variations of Sp and Sf at different particle injection velocities

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