某型舰船设备大负载复合材料支承冲击强度试验方法研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0613

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

舰船设备支承件的冲击特性研究受到各国海军的重视,然而超过常规冲击机能力范围的冲击载荷等要求,使得开展大负载支承件冲击强度试验成为难题。以某型动力设备的大负载复合材料支承为对象,采用水下非接触爆炸的方式,以标准浮动冲击平台冲击环境为输入参数设计其冲击强度试验方法:在低速冲击条件下,通过保证冲击载荷、降低试验负载质量、提高系统安装频率的途径来设计试验装置,依据冲击谱和冲击载荷计算对应的试验冲击因子来设计强度试验工况,并得出了实际试验与设计参数之间因试验系统多个结合面对冲击载荷传递影响的折减系数。试验结果表明,复合材料支承承受的冲击载荷与要求值之间的偏差在5%以内,为今后开展类似试验提供了参考。

关键词: 舰船设备, 支承件, 冲击强度, 浮动冲击平台, 冲击环境

Abstract:

The navies of all countries have been attached to the research on the shock characteristics of shipboard equipment’s supporting element. However, the implementation of the impact strength tests for large load supporting element become a problem because of the load requirement going beyond the capacity of the test devices. The test methods for the impact strength of large load FRP support element of a power equipment are presented based on the non-contact underwater explosion and the shock environmental parameters of standard floating shock platform(FSP). The test devices are designed by means of ensuring the shock load, reducing the test load mass and improving the system installatrion frequency under the low speed impact condition. The test conditions are designed by means of calculating the shock factors based on the shock spectrum and the shock load requirement. Furthermore, the reduction factor between the actual test and the design factors is obtained from the influence of the several joint surfaces in the testing system on the shock load transfer. The results show that the deviation between the test load and the required load is less than 5%. The method provides a reference for the similar test in the future.

Key words: shipboard equipment, supporting element, impact strength, floating shock platform, shock environment

中图分类号:

O347

陈辉, 刘建湖, 陈学兵, 黄亚平, 蔡荣坤. 某型舰船设备大负载复合材料支承冲击强度试验方法研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(3): 957-962.

CHEN Hui, LIU Jianhu, CHEN Xuebing, HUANG Yaping, CAI Rongkun. Research on Experimental Method for Impact Strength of Large Load FRP Supporting Element of a Shipboard Equipment[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(3): 957-962.

图/表 11

图1 浮动冲击平台水下爆炸试验示意图

Fig.1 Diagrammatic sketch of UNDEX test in the standard floating shock platform

图2 复合材料支承冲击强度试验装置示意图

Fig.2 Diagrammatic sketch of impact strength test device of composite material support structure

图3 试验负载结构(上)及1阶频率示意图(下)

Fig.3 Diagrammatic sketch of test load structure(upper) and first-order frequency(lower)

图4 哈夫支座结构示意图

Fig.4 Diagrammatic sketch of Haff support structure

图5 复合材料支承冲击强度试验装置组装图片1

Fig.5 Picture 1 of assembling of the impact strength test device of composite material support structure

图6 复合材料支承冲击强度试验装置组装图片2

Fig.6 Picture 2 of assembling of the impact strength test device of composite material support structure

表1 复合材料支承冲击强度试验装置质量统计

Table 1 Weight list of impact strength test device of composite material support structure

部件名称	质量/t	合计/t
负载框架(含支撑工字钢、铅块放置柜)	17.38
铅板	9.68
支承轴(一对)	2.58	36.36
哈夫支座(一对)	6.08
连接卡块(8只)	0.64

表2 复合材料支承冲击强度试验工况

Table 2 Test conditions of impact strength of composite material support structure

爆源/ kgTNT	爆深/ m	水平爆距/ m	冲击因子 SF	攻角/ (°)	备注
28	7.50	11.0	0.252	23.7	1000t试验
28	7.50	5.60	0.420	36.2	1620t试验
28	8.50	3.60	0.502	48.7	2000t试验

图7 1620t试验负载冲击加速度响应时程曲线

Fig.7 Impact acceleration-time curve of test load under 1620t impact load

表3 复合材料支承冲击载荷统计

Table 3 Impact load beared by composite material support structure

试验工况	冲击力/t	平均值/t	要求冲击载荷/t	相对偏差/ %
1000t试验	1021 1068	1045	1000	4.45
1620t试验	1571 1654	1613	1620	-0.46
2000t试验	2018 1985	2002	2000	0.07

图8 冲击载荷与冲击因子之间的关系

Fig.8 Relation between the shock load and impact factor

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