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兵工学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 728-735.doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0777

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石墨烯/陶瓷颗粒增强聚氨酯基复合材料动态压缩性能

邹广平1(), 吴松阳1(), 徐舒博2(), 唱忠良1(), 王宣1()   

  1. 1 哈尔滨工程大学 航天与建筑工程学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
    2 哈尔滨工业大学 航天学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-15 上线日期:2022-07-02
  • 作者简介:

    邹广平(1963—),男,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为冲击动力学、实验力学。E-mail:

    吴松阳(1998—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为冲击动力学、实验力学。E-mail:

    徐舒博(1995—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为材料学-碳/陶瓷材料。E-mail:

    王宣(1999—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为冲击动力学、复合材料力学。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(11972127)

Dynamic Compressive Properties of Graphene/Ceramic Particle Reinforced Polyurethane-Based Composites

ZOU Guangping1(), WU Songyang1(), XU Shubo2(), CHANG Zhongliang1(), WANG Xuan1()   

  1. 1 School of Aerospace and Architectural Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
    2 School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2021-11-15 Online:2022-07-02

摘要:

聚氨酯良好的力学性能使其广泛应用于各种领域,通过在聚氨酯基体中引入石墨烯增强体,能够大幅度增强聚氨酯基复合材料的各项性能。为得到具有高抗冲击能力的聚氨酯基复合材料,使用原位聚合法制备氧化石墨烯增强聚氨酯,通过霍普金森杆装置对其进行不同应变率下的动态压缩试验。采用无压渗透法加入直径3.3 mm的Al2O3颗粒陶瓷作为新的增强相。对石墨烯/颗粒陶瓷增强聚氨酯基复合材料进行动态围压实验,得到试样的应力-应变曲线。应用LS-DYNA动力学仿真软件建立复合材料有限元仿真模型,结合实验数据验证仿真的可靠性。分析复合材料在动态围压下的变形过程和损伤机理,开展不同粒径试样在动态围压下的仿真分析,讨论不同粒径的颗粒陶瓷对复合材料动态压缩的力学性能影响。研究结果表明:颗粒陶瓷粒径与复合材料的抗压强度密切相关,随着陶瓷颗粒粒径减小,即陶瓷颗粒数量增多,间隙减小时,复合材料的抗压性能也相应提高。

关键词: 复合材料, 聚氨酯, 颗粒增强, 动态性能, 数值仿真

Abstract:

The good mechanical properties of polyurethane make it widely used in various fields. By introducing graphene reinforcement into the polyurethane matrix, it can greatly enhance the properties of the polyurethane-based composites. To obtain the polyurethane-based composites with high impact resistance, graphene oxide reinforced polyurethane was prepared by in-situ polymerization, and dynamic compression tests at different strain rates were carried out with the Hopkinson bar device. On this basis, 3.3 mm diameter Al2O3 granular ceramics was added as a new reinforcing phase by the pressureless infiltration method. The dynamic confining pressure experiment of graphene / granular ceramic reinforced polyurethane-based composites is performed, and the stress-strain curve of the sample is obtained. The finite element simulation model of the composite is established by using LS-DYNA. Combined with the experimental data, the reliability of the simulation is verified, the deformation process and damage mechanism of the composite under dynamic confining pressure are analyzed, the simulation analysis of the samples with different particle sizes under dynamic confining pressure is carried out, and the influence of ceramic particles with different particle sizes on the dynamic compression mechanical properties of the composite is discussed. The results show that: the particle size of ceramic particles is closely related to the compressive strength of the composites; with the decrease of ceramic particle size, i.e., the number of ceramic particles increases and the particle gap decreases, the compressive properties of the composite are improved.

Key words: composite, polyurethane, particle reinforcement, dynamic performance, numerical simulation