活塞式供粉装置中进气流量对粉末流化输送特性的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0582

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对粉末发动机中活塞式燃料供给系统,设计一种内置进气通道式供粉装置。基于欧拉-欧拉双流体模型,在气体-粉末-运动壁面多个物理耦合作用下,开展进气流量对粉末流化和输送特性的数值仿真研究。研究结果表明:气固分界面主要在进气口上部波动;随进气流量的增加,气相作用范围和粉末层(粉末体积分数ε_p=0.1)面积增大,不同进气流量下的拟颗粒温度峰值主要存在两相喉道附近,锥形收敛段头部位置和两相喉道处的气固两相速度随进气流量增大而增大,粉末面平均体积分数随进气流量增大而降低;当流量比为0.10%时,出口处的粉末在输送后期会发生突喷现象,且粉末储箱内压力出现明显的跃升和骤降,当流量比为0.33%时,出口粉末流量波动和粉末储箱内压力波动相对稳定,当流量比为0.56%~1.25%时,出口粉末流量和粉末储箱内压力分别表现出相似的波动规律,但波动幅度较大。研究结果为发展高效的粉末输送装置提供了理论参考。

关键词: 粉末发动机, 流化输送, 数值仿真, 气固两相流, 内置进气结构, 活塞式供粉装置

Abstract:

A built-in intake channel powder feeding device is designed for the piston-driven powder fuel supply system, and the action of the multi-physical coupling of the gas-powder-moving wall is established. Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the variation of intake flow rate on powder fluidization and conveying characteristics using the Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model. The results show that gas-solid interface fluctuations mainly occur in the upper part of the intake channel. With an increasing intake flow rate, both the gas phase distribution range and the area covered by the powder layer (Powder volume fraction ε_p=0.1) increase. The peak granular temperature at different intake flow rates is mainly located near the two-phase throat. The gas-solid two-phase velocity at the head position of the conical convergence section and the two-phase throat increases with increasing intake flow rate, while the area-averaged powder volume fraction decreases. When the mass flow rate ratio is 0.10%, a sudden spurt phenomenon occurs in the outlet powder flow during the late conveying stage, while the pressure in the powder storage tank drops abruptly. When the mass flow rate ratio is 0.33%, the outlet powder flow rate and pressure fluctuations in the powder storage tank are relatively stable. For mass flow rate ratios ranging from 0.56% to 1.25%, both outlet powder flow rate and pressure in the powder storage tank exhibit similar fluctuation patterns, albeit with larger amplitudes. The findings of the study provide a theoretical reference for the development of an efficient powder conveying device.

Key words: powder engine, fluidization and conveying, numerical simulation, gas-solid two-phase flow, built-in intake structure, piston-type feeding device

中图分类号:

V435

任冠龙, 孙海俊, 徐义华. 活塞式供粉装置中进气流量对粉末流化输送特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(10): 2906-2919.

REN Guanlong, SUN Haijun, XU Yihua. Effects of Intake Flow Rate on Powder Fluidization and Conveying in a Piston-Type Powder Feeding Device[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(10): 2906-2919.

图/表 18

图1 粉末储箱构型

Fig.1 Configuration of a powder storage tank

表1 计算工况

Table 1 Simulation cases

工况	活塞速度/ (mm·s^-1)	$m · p t$ / (kg·s^-1)	m_i/ (kg·s^-1)	MFRR/%
1	70	0.296	0.0003	0.10
2	70	0.296	0.0010	0.33
3	70	0.296	0.0017	0.56
4	70	0.296	0.0024	0.79
5	70	0.296	0.0031	1.02
6	70	0.296	0.0038	1.25

表1 计算工况

Table 1 Simulation cases

工况	活塞速度/ (mm·s^-1)	$m · p t$ / (kg·s^-1)	m_i/ (kg·s^-1)	MFRR/%
1	70	0.296	0.0003	0.10
2	70	0.296	0.0010	0.33
3	70	0.296	0.0017	0.56
4	70	0.296	0.0024	0.79
5	70	0.296	0.0031	1.02
6	70	0.296	0.0038	1.25

表2 计算条件参数

Table 2 Simulation parameters

参数	数值
d_s/mm	0.02
ε	0.55
ε_max	0.63
g/(m·s^-2)	9.81
μ_g/(10^-5Pa·s)	1.72
ρ_s/(kg·m^-3)	2719
虚拟质量系数	0.5
e	0.9
粉末储箱内压强环境/Pa	101325

图2 粉末储箱的结构化六面体网格

Fig.2 Structured hexahedral meshing of the powder storage tank

图3 网格无关性验证

Fig.3 Grid independency test

图4 数值计算模型验证

Fig.4 Verification of the numerical calculation model

表3 中心截面(z=0m)处瞬时流型随进气流量变化

Table 3 Instantaneous flow pattern at the central section (z=0m) changes with the intake flow rate

图5 粉末层面积及空间分布

Fig.5 Area and spatial distribution of powder layers

图6 不同轴向截面位置的固相和气相速度分布

Fig.6 Velocity distribution for solid and gas phases at different axial positions

图7 粉末体积分数变化和粉末云图分布

Fig.7 Powder volume fraction variation and powder contour distribution

图8 不同时刻下拟颗粒温度分布

Fig.8 Granular temperature distribution at different times

图9 出口粉末流量随时间的变化规律

Fig.9 Variation of outlet powder flow rate with time

图10 出口粉末流量均方差对比

Fig.10 Comparison of standard deviations of outlet powder flow rates

图11 出口平均粉末流量与理论值对比

Fig.11 Comparison of average powder flow rates at the outlet with the theoretical values

图12 不同工况的固气比分布

Fig.12 Solid-gas ratio distribution under different cases

图13 不同工况中固气比的相对误差对比

Fig.13 Comparison of relative errors of solid-gas ratio under different cases

图14 不同工况粉末储箱内压力随时间的变化规律

Fig.14 Variation of pressure in the tank with time under different cases

图15 出口气体流量随时间的变化规律

Fig.15 Variation of outlet gas flow rate with time

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