柱形容器约束下内装粉体冲击响应特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

子弹动力学行为受其内装粉体分布影响,而内装粉体子弹在冲击加载作用下粉体的密度演化规律及分布特征尚不明确。基于描述粉体材料的多孔材料模型及实测参数,采用有限元分析软件建立子弹锤击加载横向冲击的仿真模型,经对比典型工况的Machete锤击试验与仿真结果吻合较好。仿真结果表明:内装粉体冲击加载过程中密度变化可分为稳定段与增长段,可形成致密区、生长区、保持区和空隙区4个区域,各区域宽度随加载时间呈线性变化趋势,粉体密度分布具有显著梯度差异。研究结果可为冲击加载下内装粉体分布对子弹动力学行为影响相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 子弹药, 冲击加载, 粉体, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The density evolution and distribution characteristics of powder in a submunition under impact loadingare studied. Based on the porous material model and the test parameters of the powder, a simulation model of impact loading is established by using finite element analysis software. Machete impact tests under typical working conditions are compard. The simulated results are constant with the test results. The simulated results show that the density change of powder in the submunition during impact loading can be divided into the stable and growth stages, which can form four regions: densification, growth, retention and interspace regions. The width of each region changes linearly with the loading time, and the density distribution of powder has a significant gradient difference. The research results can provide reference for the investigation on the dynamic behavior of submunition which is impacted by the distribution changes of powder.

Key words: submunition, impact loading, powder, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TJ413

金文, 蒋建伟, 门建兵, 李梅, 李海峰, 周鑫. 柱形容器约束下内装粉体冲击响应特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(S1): 183-190.

JIN Wen, JIANG Jianwei, MEN Jianbing, LI Mei, LI Haifeng, ZHOU Xin. Investigation on Dynamic Response Characteristic of the Confined Powder under Impact Loading[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S1): 183-190.

图/表 21

图1 Machete锤击试验机

Fig.1 Machete hammer testing machine

图2 Machete锤击试验机示意图

Fig.2 Composition of hammer testing machine

图3 简化子弹模型

Fig.3 Simplified submunition model

图4 粉体受载离散化模型

Fig.4 Discretization model of powder under impact loading

图5 典型多孔材料密度-压力曲线

Fig.5 Density-pressure curves of typical porous material

表1 仿真模型材料模型[18]

Table 1 Materials of different parts

部件	材料
底座	4340钢
缓冲结构	橡胶
夹具&锤头	4340钢

图6 粉体的加载曲线

Fig.6 Plastic compaction path of powder

图7 观测点位置示意图

Fig.7 Gauges on the powder

图8 试验件过载图

Fig.8 Overloading of the specimens

图9 粉体密度分布

Fig.9 Density distribution of powder

表2 棘齿数量与过载换算关系

Table 2 Relationship between ratchet number and overload

棘齿数	过载/g
6	4800
11	11000
13	14800
17	20500
22	29500

图10 子弹药样品及结构组成

Fig.10 Specimens and structural composition of submunition

表3 验证试验结果

Table 3 Test results

表4 试验与仿真间隙大小对比结果

Table 4 Results of Machete hammer test and simulation

样品序号	仿真/mm	试验/mm	误差/%
1	1.403	1.128	24.35
2	1.382	1.262	9.510
3	1.013	1.008	0.532

表5 试验与仿真结果对比

Table 5 Comparison between test and simulated results

图11 粉体截面坐标系

Fig.11 Coordinate system of powder

图12 粉体冲击加载前后密度分布

Fig.12 Density distributions of powder before and after impact loading

图13 密度分布的变化过程

Fig.13 Change process of density distribution

图14 受载粉体的4个区域

Fig.14 Four regions of the impacted powder

图15 不同时刻的各个区域粉体密度分布

Fig.15 Density distributions of powder at different moments

图16 4个区域宽度变化趋势

Fig.16 Trend in the width variation of four regions

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