仿竹型侵彻引信防护微结构缓冲吸能试验研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0422

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为保证硬目标侵彻引信在战场上可靠作用,采用仿生学原理设计一种仿竹型侵彻引信防护微结构(Imitation bamboo type Penetration fuze protection Microstructure,IPM)。根据缓冲吸能机理,推导引信缓冲系统的动力学模型。采用Abaqus显式动力有限元方法对IPM和传统直边结构在典型侵彻工况下的力学性能进行数值模拟,对比分析两种结构的缓冲防护性能和抗压机理。结合金属材料(AlSi10Mg和GH4169)和3D打印的制造优势,采用激光选区融化技术制备两种结构,探究不同胞元几何形状的抗压强度和能量吸收特性,验证所建立的有限元模型的可靠性。仿真结果表明:IPM表现出明显的负泊松比效应和变形整体性,能够较好地消除应力集中,可使侵彻过载峰值平均衰减131%;3D打印结果表明,GH4169成型效果更好,特征完整,结构强度高,更适合作为细微结构的打印材料。准静态压缩结果表明,IPM的初始屈服应力高于传统直边结构,在平台区表现出明显的优势,总吸能量比传统直边结构高出72%。所得研究结果为硬目标侵彻引信防护方法提供了一种新的策略。

关键词: 侵彻引信, 仿生, 缓冲防护, 3D打印, 吸能

Abstract:

In order to ensure the reliability of hard target penetration fuze in the battlefield, an imitation bamboo type penetration fuze protection microstructure (IPM) is designed based on bionics principle. A dynamic model of fuze buffering system is derived based on the buffering and energy absorption mechanism. The Abaqus explicit dynamic finite element method is used to numerically simulate the mechanical properties of IPM and traditional straight edge structure under typical penetration conditions, and the buffering protection performances and compressive mechanisms of the two structures are compared and analyzed. Two structures made of metal materials (AlSi10Mg and GH4169) are prepared using the selective laser melting (SLM) 3D printing. The compressive strength and energy absorption characteristics of different cell geometries are investigated, and the reliability of the established finite element model is verified. The simulated results show that IPM has obvious negative Poisson's ratio effect and deformation integrity, which can eliminate stress concentration and attenuate the peak value of penetration overload by 131% on average. The 3D printing results show that GH4169 has better molding effect, complete features, and high structural strength, making it more suitable as a printing material for fine structures. The quasi-static compression results indicate that the initial yield stress of IPM is higher than that of traditional straight edge structure, showing a significant advantage in the platform area, and its total energy absorption is 72% higher than that of traditional straight edge structure. The results of this study provide a new strategy for the protection of hard target penetration fuzes.

Key words: penetration fuze, bionics, buffering protection, 3D printing, energy absorption

中图分类号:

TJ430

张安, 李长生, 张合, 马少杰, 杨本强. 仿竹型侵彻引信防护微结构缓冲吸能试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(7): 2260-2269.

ZHANG An, LI Changsheng, ZHANG He, MA Shaojie, YANG Benqiang. Experimental Study on IPM for Buffering and Energy Absorption[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2260-2269.

图/表 14

图1 仿竹型正交三维负泊松比拓扑结构

Fig.1 Orthogonal 3D negative Poisson’s ratio topological structure of imitation bamboo type

图2 弹引系统几何结构示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of geometric structure of missile fuze system

表1 胞元几何参数

Table 1 Cell geometry parameters

参数	数值	参数	数值
厚度t/mm	0.15	半径r/mm	0.55
斜角θ/(°)	45	高度h/mm	1.4
曲率k	0.5	长度l/mm	5

图3 引信缓冲系统物理模型图

Fig.3 Physical model of fuze buffering system

图4 蜂窝微结构侵彻仿真模型

Fig.4 Simulation model for honeycomb microstructure penetration

图5 单层侵彻载荷工况

Fig.5 Single layer penetration load conditions

表2 侵彻过载下传统直边结构与IPM宏观变形模式

Table 2 Macro-deformation modes of traditional straight edge structure and IPM under penetration overload

图6 峰值衰减参考点示意图

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of peak attenuation reference point

图7 不同蜂窝结构的缓冲防护性能

Fig.7 Buffering protection performances of different honeycomb structures

表3 不同材料/结构的3D打印试件

Table 3 3D-printed specimens of different materials/structures

表4 3D打印实体材料准静态压缩实验

Table 4 Quasi-static compression experiment of 3D-printed solid materials

图8 3D打印试件静压载荷-位移曲线

Fig.8 Static pressure load-displacement curve of 3D-printed specimen

图9 3D打印试件等效应力-应变曲线

Fig.9 Equivalent stress-strain curve of 3D-printed specimen

图10 两种结构的吸能特性曲线

Fig.10 Energy absorption characteristic curves of two structures

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