密集扫频干扰下调频连续波引信响应特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0226

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

密集扫频干扰作为一种典型的压制式干扰方式,在实际战场使用中对调频连续波引信产生巨大威胁。针对调频连续波引信在密集扫频干扰下容易失效的问题,在分析调频连续波引信工作原理的基础上,推导密集扫频干扰下的调频连续波引信响应过程,进一步分析采用时域干扰样本归零抗干扰方法后的等效干扰效果,并进行相关的仿真分析及实验验证。仿真及实测实验结果表明:密集扫频干扰信号与引信信号越相似,在差频信号时域样本中的有效干扰比例就越大;进行时域干扰样本归零处理后,将产生对调频连续波引信真实目标信号的间歇采样转发干扰效果,距离维包络上将产生多个假目标,假目标的分布与归零处理后的等效占空比及干扰频率相关,导致调频连续波引信的炸点散布显著增大。

关键词: 调频连续波引信, 密集扫频干扰, 归零处理, 间歇采样转发干扰, 响应特性

Abstract:

As a typical suppressed jamming method, the dense sweep jamming poses a huge threat to frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) fuze in the actual battlefield. Aiming at the problem that FMCW fuze is easy to fail under dense sweep jamming, the response process of FMCW fuze under dense sweep jamming is deduced on the basis of analyzing the working principle of FMCW fuze. Equivalent jamming effect after using zero time-domain interference sample is further analyzed, and the relevant simulation analysis and experimental verification are carried out. The simulated and experimental results show that the more similar the dense sweep jamming signal to the fuze signal, the larger the effective jamming proportion in the time-domain sample of beat frequency signal is. The interrupted-sampling and repeater jamming effect on the real target signal of FMCW fuze is produced after zeroing the interfered samples in time domain. Multiple false targets are generated on the envelope of distance dimension. The distribution of false targets is related to the equivalent duty cycle and jamming frequency after zeroing processing, which results in a significant increase in the explosion point dispersion of FMCW fuze.

Key words: FMCW fuze, dense sweep jamming, zeroing processing, interrupted-sampling and repeater jamming, response characteristic

中图分类号:

TJ434.1

周文, 郝新红, 杨瑾, 段乐帆. 密集扫频干扰下调频连续波引信响应特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(7): 2251-2259.

ZHOU Wen, HAO Xinhong, YANG Jin, DUAN Lefan. Response Characteristics of Frequency-modulated Continuous Wave Fuze under Dense Sweep Jamming[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2251-2259.

图/表 18

图1 密集扫频干扰基本原理示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of dense sweep jamming

图2 密集扫频干扰时频域结果

Fig.2 Time- and frequency-domain results of dense sweep jamming

图3 不同K值下的时域波形

Fig.3 Time-domain waveform with different K values

图4 归零处理后时域波形

Fig.4 Time-domain waveform after zeroing processing

图5 等效采样示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of equivalent sampling

图6 假目标分布示意图

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of false targets distribution

表1 仿真参数

Table 1 Simulation parameters

参数	数值
引信信号频率/kHz	50
引信信号带宽/MHz	200
干扰信号频率/kHz	50~200
扫频带宽/MHz	200~400
采样速率/MHz	50
交会距离/m	18~3
信干比/dB	-20~0

图7 不同等效占空比的信号时域波形

Fig.7 Time-domain waveform of signal with different dutycycle

图8 无干扰条件下交会过程

Fig.8 Rendezvous process without dense sweep jamming

图9 有干扰条件下交会过程

Fig.9 Rendezvous process with dense sweep jamming

图10 不同占空比条件下交会过程时频图

Fig.10 Time-frequency diagram of rendezvous process with different duty ratios

图11 不同占空比条件下的距离维包络

Fig.11 Distance dimension envelope with different duty cycles

表2 各阶目标峰值衰减程度

Table 2 Peak attenuation of different order targets dB

占空比/%	0阶	1阶	2阶	3阶
75	-1.21	-3.07	-8.72	-9.38
50	-3.06	-3.62	-5.89	-9.12
25	-6.26	-6.38	-6.74	-7.41

图12 不同干扰频率条件下交会过程时频图

Fig.12 Time-frequency diagram of rendezvous process under different interference frequencies

图13 不同干扰频率条件下交会过程的距离维包络

Fig.13 Distance dimension envelope of rendezvous process under different interference frequencies

表3 各阶目标峰值偏移距离

Table 3 Position offset distance of different order targets m

干扰频率/kHz	0阶	1阶	2阶	3阶
50	0.01	0.97	1.98	3.01
100	0.02	1.65	3.42	4.97
200	0.01	3.14	6.13	9.56

图14 实验场景

Fig.14 Experimental scene

图15 实测引信样机输出结果

Fig.15 Output results of fuze prototype

参考文献 20

[1]	张星宇, 齐杏林, 李黎明. 国外无线电引信发展历程及未来研究方向综述[J]. 飞航导弹, 2021(12):152-157.
	ZHANG X Y, QI X L, LI L M. Review on the development history and future research direction of Foreign Radio fuze[J]. Aeronautical Missile, 2021(12):152-157. (in Chinese)
[2]	高野军. 浅谈国外引信系统研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 制导与引信, 2018, 39(1):1-5.
	GAO Y J. Analysis of the research status and development process of fuze system in foreign countries[J]. Guidance and Fuze, 2018, 39(1):1-5. (in Chinese)
[3]	李泽, 闫晓鹏, 栗苹, 等. 扫频式干扰对调频多普勒引信的干扰机理研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2017, 38(9):55-61.
	LI Z, YAN X P, LI P, et al. Jamming mechanism of frequency sweep jamming to FM doppler fuze[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(9):55-61. (in Chinese)
[4]	孔志杰, 郝新红, 栗苹, 等. 基于时序及相关检测的调频引信抗扫频干扰方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2017, 38(8):1483-1489. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2017.08.004
	KONG Z J, HAO X H, LI P, et al. Anti-sweep interference method of FM fuze based on timing and correlation detection[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(8):1483-1489. (in Chinese)
[5]	乔彩霞, 郝新红, 陈齐乐, 等. 基于相关旁瓣平均的混沌码与线性调频复合调制无线电引信抗数字射频存储干扰方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(4):641-648. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.04.003
	QIAO C X, HAO X H, CHEN Q L, et al. A method of anti-digital RF memory interference for radio fuze based on chaotic code and linear frequency modulation combined with correlation sidelobe average[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(4):641-648. (in Chinese)
[6]	董二娃, 郝新红, 闫晓鹏, 等. 扫频式干扰对超宽带无线电引信干扰机理研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(4):1006-1014.
	DONG E W, HAO X H, YAN X P, et al. Research on interference mechanism of swept-frequency jamming to UWB radio fuze[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(4):1006-1014. (in Chinese) doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0088
[7]	岳凯, 郝新红, 栗苹, 等. 基于分数阶傅里叶变换的线性调频引信定距方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(5):801-808. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.05.006
	YUE K, HAO X H, LI P, et al. A range method for chirp fuze based on fractional fourier transform[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(5):801-808. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.05.006
[8]	HAKOBYAN G, YANG B. High-performance automotive radar:a review of signal processing algorithms and modulation schemes[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2019, 36(5):32-44.
[9]	SLAVIK Z, MISHRA K V. Cognitive interference mitigation in automotive radars[C]// Proceedings of 2019 IEEE Radar Conference.Boston, MA, US:IEEE, 2019.
[10]	赵英健, 田波, 王春阳, 等. 基于FDA-MIMO雷达的主瓣SMSP干扰空时域联合抑制方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(7):2157-2165. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.07.11
	ZHAO Y J, TIAN B, WANG C Y, et al. Spatial and temporal joint suppression method for main lobe SMSP interference based on FDA-MIMO radar[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronic Technology, 2022, 44(7):2157-2165. (in Chinese)
[11]	吴传章. 雷达几种有源欺骗干扰及其对抗方法研究[D]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学, 2021.
	WU C Z. Research on several active deception jamming methods of radar and their countermeasures[D]. Xi’an: Xidian University, 2021. (in Chinese)
[12]	ZENG L, CHEN H, ZHANG Z J, et al. Cutting compensation in the time-frequency domain for smeared spectrum jamming suppression[J]. Electronics, 2022, 11(13):1970.
[13]	HANBALI S. Countering self-protection smeared spectrum jamming against chirp radars[J]. IET Radar Sonar and Navigation, 2021, 15(4):382-389.
[14]	WANG X S, LIU J C, ZHANG W M, et al. Mathematic principles of interrupted-sampling repeater jamming[J]. Science in China Series F:Information Sciences, 2007, 50(1):113-123.
[15]	ZHANG Y, WEI Y S, YU L. Interrupted sampling repeater jamming recognition and suppression based on phase-coded signal processing[J]. Signal Processing, 2022, 198:108596.
[16]	盖季妤, 姜维, 张凯翔, 等, 基于差分特征的间歇采样转发干扰辨识与抑制方法[J]. 雷达学报, 2023, 12(1):186-196.
	GAI J Y, JIANG W, ZHANG K X, et al. An identification and suppression method of intermittent sampling and forwarding interference based on differential characteristics[J]. Journal of Radars, 2023, 12(1):186-196. (in Chinese)
[17]	LIU Z X, QUAN Y H, DU S Y, et al. A novel ECCM scheme against interrupted-sampling repeater jamming using intra-pulse dual-parameter agile waveform[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2022, 129:103652.
[18]	ALLAND S, STARK W, ALI M, et al. Interference in automotive radar systems:characteristics, mitigation techniques, and current and future research[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2019, 36(5):45-59.
[19]	WAGNER M, SULEJMANI F, MELZER A, et al. Threshold-free interference cancellation method for automotive FMCW radar systems[C]// Proceedings of 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Florence, Italy:IEEE, 2018.
[20]	FENG D J, TAO H M, YANG Y, et al. Jamming de-chirping radar using interrupted-sampling repeater[J]. Science China Information Sciences, 2011, 54(10):2138-2146.