电传动履带车辆电气系统稳定性分析及优化提升策略

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0766

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高电传动履带车辆电气系统稳定性,利用基于阻抗模型的小信号分析法对电传动履带车辆电力电子源网荷储所构建的直流微电网系统进行建模并结合电传动履带车辆工况条件开展分析,获取系统不同工况及不同参数变化下的稳定性规律和机理。在稳定性的理论分析基础上,分别在发动机-发电机组和DC/DC控制回路中设计基于电压的反馈通道和虚拟电容控制环节,所设计的控制环节能够自适应电压波动情况对电气系统进行控制,进而提升电传动履带车辆电气系统稳定性。通过仿真对控制算法进行了验证,证明了控制算法的有效性。

关键词: 履带车辆, 电传动, 稳定性, 电气系统, 直流微网

Abstract:

In order to improve the stability of electric system of electric tracked vehicle, asmall signal analysis method based on impedance modelis used to model the DC microgrid system built by power electronic source network load and storage of electric tracked vehicle. Combined with the working conditions of electric tracked vehicle, the stability rule and mechanism of the system under different working conditions and different parameters are analyzed from the perspective of impedance matching. At the same time, in order to optimize and improve the stability of electric system for the electric tracked vehicle, a voltage-based feedback channel and a virtual capacitor control link are designed in the engine-generator set and DC/DC control loop, respectively.Thecontrol link can adapt to the voltage fluctuation for control, thus improving the stability of electric system in the electric tracked vehicle. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified by simulation.

Key words: tracked vehicle, electric drive, stability, electric system, DC microgrid

中图分类号:

TJ810.2

李耀恒, 盖江涛, 张楠, 成城, 李翠芬, 帅志斌, 刁利军. 电传动履带车辆电气系统稳定性分析及优化提升策略[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(10): 3397-3414.

LI Yaoheng, GAI Jiangtao, ZHANG Nan, CHENG Cheng, LI Cuifen, SHUAI Zhibin, DIAO Lijun. Stability Analysis and Optimization Strategy of Electric System for Electric Tracked Vehicles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(10): 3397-3414.

图/表 23

图1 机电复合传动电气系统供电拓扑

Fig.1 Power supply topology of electro-mechanical drive electrical system

图2 实车采集母线电压波动情况

Fig.2 The fluctuation of bus voltage collected by real vehicle

图3 不同阻抗特征下的电压伏安特性

Fig.3 The volt-ampere characteristics of voltage under different impedance characteristics

图4 DC/DC拓扑图

Fig.4 The topology of DC/DC

图5 DC/DC拓扑回路和控制环节小信号框图

Fig.5 Small signal block diagram of DC/DC topological loop and control link

图6 级联系统示意图

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of cascade system

图7 稳定性判据示意图

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of stability criterion

图8 恒转矩区机电复合传动电气系统稳定性分析

Fig.8 Stability analysis of electro-mechanical composite drive electrical system in constant torque region

图9 恒功率区机电复合传动电气系统稳定性分析

Fig.9 Stability analysis of Electro-mechanical composite drive electrical system in constant power region

图10 发动机发电机组电气稳定性控制提升策略

Fig.10 Electrical stability control improvement strategy of engine-generator set

图11 DC/DC虚拟电容控制示意图

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of DC/DC virtual capacitor control

图12 增设虚拟电容前后系统稳定裕度对比

Fig.12 Comparison of system stability margins before and after adding virtual capacitor

图13 DC/DC+动力电池电气稳定性控制提升策略

Fig.13 The improvement strategy of electrical stability control of DC/DC+ power battery

图14 母线电压波动情况

Fig.14 Fluctuation of bus voltage

表1 不同电压变化趋势下状态分析

Table 1 State analysis under different voltage variation trends

阶段	电压变化情况	电压变化率符号	虚拟电容变化情况
o→a	正向增加	正	增大
a→b	正向减少	负	降低
b→c	负向减少	负	增大
c→d	负向增加	正	降低

图15 电传动履带电气系统稳定性优化提升控制策略框图

Fig.15 Block diagram of control strategy for stability optimization and improvement of electric drive track electrical system

图16 功率变化率下直流母线电压变化

Fig.16 Change of DC bus voltage under power change rate

图17 功率变化率下发电机相电流变化

Fig.17 Change of motor phase current under power change rate

图18 在发动机发电机组侧施加优化提升策略后系统优化提升效果

Fig.18 Improved ffect of system after optimization and promotion strategy being applied on the side of engine-generator set

图19 优化提升前后对比

Fig.19 Comparison of voltages before and after optimization

图20 对DC/DC动力电池施加优化提升策略前后的电压变化情况

Fig.20 Voltage changes before and after applying the optimization and promotion strategy to DC/DC power battery

图21 改善前后DC/DC的输出电流

Fig.21 Output currents of DC/DC before and after improvement

图22 虚拟电容自适应变化波形

Fig.22 Waveform of adaptive change of virtual capacitance

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