HVOF 和 APS 制备 WC-Co/ NiCrBSi 复合涂层高温摩擦学特性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.09.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)和等离子喷涂(APS)技术在7005 铝合金表面制备了WC-Co/ NiCrBSi 复合涂层,分析了2 种技术所制备复合涂层的微观结构,研究了其在高温条件下的摩擦磨损行为与机制。结果表明:采用HVOF 技术制备的复合涂层孔隙率仅为APS 制备复合涂层的28. 9%;其显微硬度(838. 4HV0. 5)以及与基体间元素扩散层厚度( Al:13. 17 μm, Ni:12. 55 μm) 均高于APS 制备的复合涂层。不同温度条件下,HVOF 制备复合涂层的摩擦系数和磨损失重均低于APS 制备复合涂层。室温25 ℃时,HVOF 制备复合涂层以微观切削磨损和轻微的疲劳磨损为主,而APS 制备的复合涂层则主要为疲劳断裂磨损;高温400 ℃条件下,前者的磨损机理变为多次塑变磨损和氧化磨损,而后者则为严重的粘着磨损和氧化磨损。

关键词: 复合材料, 超音速火焰喷涂, 等离子喷涂, 复合涂层, 微观结构, 高温, 摩擦磨损

Abstract:

WC-Co/ NiCrBSi composite coatings were prepared on the surface of aluminium alloy 7005 by high velocity oxygen-fuel flame (HVOF) spray and atmosphere plasma spray (APS), respectively. The microstructures of the composite coatings are analyzed, and the tribological behavior and mechanisms of the composite coatings at elevated temperature are researched. The results show that the porosity of the composite coatings prepared by HVOF is only 28. 9% of that prepared by APS. The microhardness of the composite coatings prepared by HVOF is 838. 4HV0. 5, and the thicknesses of Al and Ni diffusion layers are 13. 17 μm and 12. 55 μm, respectively, which are all higher than those of the composite coatings prepared by APS. The composite coatings prepared by HVOF have low friction coefficient and wear loss compared with the composite coatings prepared by APS. At room temperature of 25 ℃, the wear mechanisms of the composite coatings prepared by HVOF are micro-cutting wear and slight fatigue wear, and the composite coatings prepared by APS experience fatigue fracture wear. At elevated temperature of 400 ℃, the wear mechanisms of the former change into multi-plastic deformation wear and oxidative wear, and those of the latter turn into severe adhesive wear and oxidative wear.

Key words: composite material, high veloeity oxygen-fuel flame, atmosphere plasma spray, composite coating, microstructure, elevated temperature, abrasive wear

中图分类号:

TG174. 44

何龙, 谭业发, 周春华, 谭华, 高立. HVOF 和 APS 制备 WC-Co/ NiCrBSi 复合涂层高温摩擦学特性研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2013, 34(9): 1109-1115.

Institute of Field Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China. Research on Tribological Properties of WC-Co / NiCrBSi Composite Coatings Prepared by HVOF and APS at Elevated Temperature[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2013, 34(9): 1109-1115.

参考文献

[1] 张伟,郭永明,陈永雄. 热喷涂技术在产品再制造领域的应用及发展趋势[J]. 中国表面工程,2011,24(6):1 -10. ZHANG Wei, GUO Yong-ming, CHEN Yong-xiong. Applications and future development of thermal spraying technologies for remanufacturing engineering[J]. China Surface Engineering, 2011, 24 (6): 1 -10. (in Chinese) [2] 谭俊,陈建敏,刘敏,等. 面向绿色制造和再制造的表面工程[J]. 机械工程学报, 2011, 47(20): 95 -103. TAN Jun, CHEN Jian-min, LIU Min, et al. Surface engineering towards green manufacturing and remanufacturing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2011, 47(20): 95 -103. (in Chinese) [3] 徐滨士. 装备再制造工程的理论与技术[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社,2007. XU Bin-shi. Theory and technology of equipment remanufacturing [M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2007. (in Chinese) [4] 崔永静,王长亮,汤智慧,等. 超音速火焰喷涂WC-17Co 涂层微观结构与性能研究[J]. 材料工程,2011,(11):85 -89. CUI Yong-jing, WANG Chang-liang, TANG Zhi-hui, et al. Microstructure and performance of WC-17Co coatings fabricated by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2011,(11): 85 -89. (in Chinese) [5] Rahimian M, Ehsani N, Parvin N, et al. The effect of sintering temperature and the amount of reinforcement on the properties of Al-Al2 O3 composite[J]. Materials and design, 2009, 30: 3333 -3337. [6] 陈刚,贺跃辉,沈培智. 发动机活塞和缸套材料及其加工工艺研究现状[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2009, 14(4): 205-212. CHEN Gang, HE Yue-hui, SHEN Pei-zhi. Research actualities on materials and processes of engine piston parts and cylinder liner [J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,2009, 14(4): 205 -212. (in Chinese) [7] Ding H Y, Zhou G H, Dai Z D, et al. Corrosion wear behaviors of 2024 Al in artificial rainwater and seawater at fretting contact[J].Wear, 2009, 267: 292 -298. [8] Nganbe M, Heilmaier M. High temperature strength and failure of the Ni-base superalloy PM 3030[J]. International Journal of Plasticity, 2009, 25: 822 -837. [9] 骆芳,陈智君,楼程华,等. 塑料模具钢表面激光熔覆陶瓷复合涂层的性能研究[J]. 兵工学报,2010,31(7):933 -938. LUO Fang, CHEN Zhi-jun, LOU Cheng-hua, et al. Properties of laser cladded ceramic composite coating on plastic mould[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2010, 31(7): 933 -938. (in Chinese) [10] 文九巴. 材料科学与工程[M]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2007. WEN Jiu-ba. Material science and engineering[ M]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2007. (in Chinese) [11] 潘继岗,樊自拴,孙冬柏,等. 采用两种喷涂技术制备铁基合金涂层的摩擦磨损特性研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2005, 125(5): 412 -415. PAN Ji-gang, FAN Zi-shuan, SUN Dong-bai, et al. Wear resistance of iron alloy coatings deposited by two spraying technologies [J]. Tribology, 2005, 125(5): 412 -415. (in Chinese) [12] Bonache V, Salvador M D, Garcia J C, et al. Influence of plasma intensity on wear and erosion resistance of conventional and nanometric WC-Co coatings deposited by APS[ J]. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 2011, 20(3): 549 -559. [13] 鲍君峰,侯玉柏. 等离子喷涂WC/ Co 涂层测试分析方法[J].热喷涂技术, 2010, 2(2): 45 -49. BAO Jun-feng, HOU Yu-bai. Testing and analyzing method of WC/ Co coating prepared by plasma spraying[J]. Thermal Spray Technology, 2010, 2(2): 45 -49. (in Chinese) [14] Picas J A, Xiong Y, Punset M, et al. Microstructure and wear resistance of WC-Co by three consolidation processing techniques [J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materi- als, 2009, 27: 344 -349. [15] Liu S L, Zheng X P. Microstructure and properties of AC-HVAF sprayed Ni60/ WC composite coating[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 480:254 -258. [16] 朴钟宇,徐滨士,王海斗. 等离子喷涂铁基涂层的疲劳磨损裂纹行为[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2011, 31(1): 56 -60. PIAO Zhong-yu, XU Bin-shi, WANG Hai-dou. Behavior of rolling contact fatigue crack of plasma sprayed Fe-based coating[J].Tribology, 2011, 31(1): 56 -60. (in Chinese) [17] Hu J J, Bultman J E, Muratore C, et al. Tribological properties of pulsed laser deposited Mo—S—Te composite films at moderate high temperatures[ J]. Surface & Coating Technology, 2009, 203: 2322 -2327. [18] 周松青. 碳化硅及其复相陶瓷高温摩擦学特性的研究[D].长沙: 湖南大学, 2005. ZHOU Song-qing. Research on the tribological properties of SiC and its multiphase ceramic at elevated temperature [ D ].Changsha: Hunan University, 2005. (in Chinese) [19] 伍超群,周克崧,刘敏,等. 不同热喷涂技术制备镍基涂层的摩擦磨损性能[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2007, 17(9): 1506-1510. WU Chao-qun, ZHOU Ke-song, LIU Min, et al. Wear properties of nickel-based coating sprayed by different thermal spraying technologies[ J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2007, 17(9): 1506 -1510. (in Chinese) [20] 李建亮. 宽温域固体润滑材料及涂层的高温摩擦学特性研究[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2009. LI Jian-liang. Study on tribological properties of novel solid lubricating material and coatings at elevated temperatures[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2009. (in Chinese) [21] Reddy T V S, Dwivedi D K, Jain N K. Adhesive wear of stir cast hypereutectic Al—Si—Mg alloy under reciprocating sliding conditions[J]. Wear, 2009, 266: 1-5.