SEBS凝胶的创伤弹道特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0818

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯(Styrene Ethylene Butylene Styrene,SEBS)嵌段共聚物与白油混合制成的凝胶拥有与弹道明胶类似的性质,且相比于弹道明胶,具有良好的温度稳定性、优异的透明度和耐老化性能。为了研究SEBS凝胶替代弹道明胶进行创伤弹道试验的可行性,对其力学特性进行全面测量。采用万能材料试验机和改进的霍普金森压杆对4种质量分数(15%、20%、25%和30%)SEBS凝胶进行准静态和动态力学特性的测试,研究共聚物含量对凝胶力学性能的影响,并与10%和20%弹道明胶力学性能进行对比,以确定与弹道明胶力学性能最为接近的质量分数。采用5.8mm步枪弹直接侵彻3种质量分数(15%、20%和25%)SEBS凝胶,通过高速摄影机拍摄弹丸运动姿态和靶标内瞬时空腔演化过程,并与侵彻10%质量分数弹道明胶试验结果进行对比。试验结果表明:准静态压缩下10%弹道明胶的应力-应变曲线介于15%和20%SEBS凝胶之间,20%弹道明胶的应力-应变曲线介于20%和25%SEBS凝胶之间,高应变率下20%和30%SEBS凝胶力学特性分别与10%和20%弹道明胶接近;15%SEBS凝胶的最大空腔直径与10%弹道明胶最为接近,但空腔的膨胀和收缩速度高于弹道明胶;所得研究成果可为SEBS凝胶替代弹道明胶作为新的软组织替代物提供数据支撑。

关键词: 弹道, 热塑性弹性体, 软组织替代物, 霍普金森压杆, 弹道明胶, 力学性能

Abstract:

The gel made of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymer and white oil has similar properties to ballistic gelatin. Compared with ballistic gelatin, it has good temperature stability, excellent transparency, and aging resistance. The mechanical properties are comprehensively measured to investigate the feasibility of using SEBS gel as a substitute for ballistic gelatin in trauma ballistic test. First, the quasi-static and dynamic mechanical properties of SEBS gels with four different mass fractions (15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) are tested using a universal material testing machine and an improved Hopkinson pressure bar to study the impact of copolymer content on the mechanical properties of the gel. The mechanical properties of SEBS gel are compared with those of 10% and 20% ballistic gelatins to determine the mass fraction that is most similar to the mechanical properties of ballistic gelatin. Then, SEBS gels with three different mass fractions (15%, 20%, and 25%) are penetratedusing 5.8mm rifle bullets, and the moving postureof bullet and the temporal cavity evolution of a target are recorded by high-speed photography. The experimental results of SEBS gel are compared with those of the ballistic gelatin with 10% mass fraction. The test results show that the stress-strain curve of 10% ballistic gelatin is between those of 15% and 20% SEBS gels, and the stress-strain curve of 20% ballistic gelatin is between those of 20% and 25% SEBS gels under quasi-static compression. The mechanical properties of 20% and 30% SEBS gels are similar to those of 10% and 20% ballistic gelatins, respectively, at high strain rates. The maximum cavity diameter of 15% SEBS gel is closest to that of the 10% ballistic gelatin, but the cavity expansion and contraction rates of SEBS gel are higher than those of ballistic gelatin. This study provides data support for the replacement of ballistic gelatin with SEBS gel as a new soft tissue substitute.

Key words: ballistic, thermoplastic elastomer, soft tissue substitute, split Hopkinson pressure bar, ballistic gelatin, mechanical property

中图分类号:

TJ301
O348

徐浩然, 温垚珂, 董方栋, 覃彬, 沈鲁豫. SEBS凝胶的创伤弹道特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(11): 4071-4080.

XU Haoran, WEN Yaoke, DONG Fangdong, QIN Bin, SHEN Luyu. Traumatic Ballistic Properties of SEBS Gel[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(11): 4071-4080.

图/表 18

图1 准静态压缩试样(左为试样直径,右为试样厚度)

Fig.1 Quasi-static compressed sample(Left: sample diameter;Right: sample thickness)

图2 动态压缩试样

Fig.2 Dynamic compressed sample

图3 准静态压缩试验

Fig.3 Quasi-static compression test

图4 SEBS凝胶与弹道明胶的应力-应变曲线

Fig.4 Stress-strain curves of SEBS gel and ballistic gelatin

表1 4种质量分数SEBS凝胶的弹性模量

Table 1 The elastic modulus of four mass fractions of SEBS gel

质量分数/%	15	20	25	30
弹性模量/kPa	51.89	99.82	152.439	224.66

表2 部分内脏器官的弹性模量

Table 2 The elastic modulus of some internal organs

组织	心脏	肝脏	胃	肠
弹性模量/kPa	78.87	119.67	177.67	261.96

图5 SEBS凝胶弹性模量与质量分数间的关系

Fig.5 Relationship between elastic modulus and mass fraction of SEBS gel

图6 改进的SHPB试验装置

Fig.6 Improved SHPB testing device

图7 20%质量分数SEBS试件SHPB试验原始波形

Fig.7 SHPB test original waveform of SEBS specimen with 20% mass fraction

图8 惯性效应修正前后应力曲线

Fig.8 Stress curves before and after inertia effect correction

图9 应变速率范围在2800~5500s-1时4种质量分数的SEBS凝胶与2种质量分数弹道明胶的工程应力-应变曲线

Fig.9 Engineering stress-strain curves of SEBS gel with four mass fractions and ballistic gelatin with two mass fractions obtained at the strain rate ranged from 2800 to 5500s-1

图10 相近应变率下SEBS凝胶与弹道明胶的工程应力-应变曲线

Fig.10 Engineering stress-strain curves of SEBS gel and ballistic gelatin at similar strain rates

图11 SEBS凝胶和10%弹道明胶靶标

Fig.11 SEBS gel and 10% ballistic gelatin targets

图12 试验原理及设备布置示意图

Fig.12 Schematic diagram of test principle and equipment layout

表3 枪弹入靶速度

Table 3 Speeds of bullet penetrating into the targets

靶标	15% SEBS	20% SEBS	25% SEBS	10%明胶
速度/(m·s^-1)	884	880	882	864

表4 SEBS凝胶与弹道明胶典型时刻的瞬时空腔

Table 4 Instantaneous cavities of SEBS gel and ballistic gelatin at typical time

图13 SEBS凝胶和弹道明胶的瞬时空腔直径-时间曲线

Fig.13 emporary cavity diameter-time curves of SEBS gel and ballistic gelatin

图14 SEBS凝胶和弹道明胶的侵彻深度-时间曲线

Fig.14 Penetration depth-time curves of SEBS gel and ballistic gelatin

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