Table of Content

01 April 2012, Volume 33 Issue 4

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Paper

An Improved Algorithm for High Maneuvering Target Based on Jerk Model

LIU Wang-sheng, LI Ya-an₂, CUI Lin₂

2012, 33(4):  385-389.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.001

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Aimed at the inherent flaws of stable deterministic error in conventional algorithm using Jerk model, a modified algorithm was proposed. Jerk model and current Jerk model were fused in the improved algorithm. Weak Jerk maneuver was described by using Jerk model and its system noise variance was adjusted by using the relations of position estimation error and acceleration change rate variance. The strong Jerk maneuver was described by using the current Jerk model, and the statistical characteristics of acceleration change rate variance was depicted by using modified Rayleigh distribution. The tracking accuracy for weak Jerk maneuver was improved, and the tracking ability for strong Jerk maneuver was enhanced by introducing fuzzy distribution function and strong track filter. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the defect of conventional Jerk model algorithm is overcome by using the improved algorithm, Jerk sudden maneuver with various intensity can be approached adaptively. Under different intensity signal-to-noise ratios and gauging noises, its error is relatively stable and it has better tracking accuracy.

A Fast-Solving Method of Allowable Attack Area of Air-to-Surface Guided Bombs

LI Qiang, XIA Qun-li, CUI Ying-ying, WEN Qiu-qiu

2012, 33(4):  390-394.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.002

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A new solving method called local accurate search was proposed for the calculation of allowable attack area of air-to-surface missiles. Compared with traditional method, the local accurate search can search the area online and reduce the time of search with the required precision. The new method employs the local search to find an accurate result by combining the traditional flight range table with the model calculation method, which meets the requirements for attacking of moving target and fast calculation.

High Accuracy Navigation Algorithm for Tightly Coupled INS/Odometer

XIAO Xuan, WANG Qing-zhe, CHENG Yuan，FU Meng-yin, LIU Tong

2012, 33(4):  395-400.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.003

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According to the integrated navigation system which consists of inertial navigation system (INS) and odometer, the cross calibration of INS and odometer were achieved by estimating the biases of inertial sensors, scale factor of odometer, and attitude error between INS and odometer in real-time. The above tasks were resolved by a closed-loop Kalman filter, which can easily use the estimates to compensate INS and odometer. An integrated supervisory system was constructed to detect and isolate the bad data when a vehicle run in a complex environment. It helps to improve the accuracy of navigation system.

Experrimental Study on Unsteady Cavitating Flow Around Hydrofoil With Particle ImagingVelocimetry System

HUANG Biao₁， WANG Guo-yu₁， WANG Fu-feng₁， JU Dong-mei₂, GAO De-ming₁

2012, 33(4):  401-407.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.004

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The unsteady cavitating flows around a Clark-Y hydromantic hydrofoil is studied by using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) system. It is used to measure the cavity shapes and velocity and vorticity fields. The experiment results show that, firstly, with the decrease of the cavitation number, different flow structure characteristics can be observed in the cavitating flows, for unsteady cloud cavitating, a self-oscillation behavior of the whole sheet cavitation is obtained, with large length fluctuations and vapor cloud shedding; as the flow structure changes, there are obvious differences between the velocity distributions of cavitation flows, the high-fluctuating region with lower velocity gradually expands with the decrease of cavitation number, and the lower velocity area relates to the cavitation area. In various stages of cavitation, the vorticity concentrated in the rear vortex separation region. In cloud cavitation stage, more vortices structures can be seen in the cavitation area due to the frequently mass and momentum transformation, for vorticity gathering area, the original vortex changed into a large group of scattered distribution of vorticity, and also, the vortex regions expanded significantly.

Study on Temperature of WC-Co Coat in Interminttent Grinding with Cup Wheel

XU Kai-zhou₁, WEI Chen-juan₂, HU De-jin₂, XU Li-ming₂

2012, 33(4):  408-413.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.005

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The temperature of coated workpieces in intermittent grinding with cup wheel is investigated. The effective width of moving heat source is calculated under the condition of plane grinding with cup wheel; the shape of grinding block is simplified in order to use traditional heat source model; triangular and rectangular models are analyzed and compared. Energy partition ratio is analyzed on the basis of actual end-face temperature and one-dimensional heat conduction model, and the energy partition ratio is also obtained under different parameters. The feasibility of the temperature model is verified experimentally, and the influence of grinding parameters on the grinding temperature is also analyzed. The analysis results show that the grinding temperature rises with the increase of grinding depth, work-piece feed speed and wheel linear speed.

Research on Accuracy Control of Deep Small Holes by Pulse Electrochemical Machining

LI Zhao-long, DI Shi-chun

2012, 33(4):  414-418.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.006

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In order to realize the processing accuracy of the deep hole on hard-cutting alloys in the pulse electrochemical machining, a dynamic math model for the linear removal rate is established and the effect of process parameters is analyzed also. The effects of pulse width, tool feed speed and insulating layer on the tool are studied experimentally. The experiment results show that the longer pulse width, higher feed speed and insulation of all outside surface of tool can improve the processing accuracy of the deep hole.

Simulation for Cutting Force of Orthogonal Turn-milling

ZHU Li-da, YU Tian-biao, WANG Wan-shan

2012, 33(4):  419-424.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.007

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Aimed at the characteristics of variable cutting depth and thickness in the orthogonal turn-milling process, the theoretical model of cutting force is founded by using mathematic method based on the machining principle, and the change rules of cutting forces with the rotation angles of cutter were simulated in the conditions with and without eccentricity, respectively. The simulation results show that, with the increase of feed rate and eccentricity, the cutting force increases in the same cutting parameters and it is bigger in eccentricity than that in non-eccentricity. Therefore, the theoretical cutting force model provides reference for the research on orthogonal turn-milling mechanism.

Cutting Characteristics of Single CBN Abrasive Grain and Micromechanics Analysis of WorkpieceMaterial Deformation Behavior

SU Chong, DING Jiang-min₁, XV Li₁, LI Ming-gao₂

2012, 33(4):  425-431.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.008

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In order to avoid mesh constraint when simulating chip separation by finite element method, cutting process of single CBN abrasive grain is simulated by using coupling method of finite element method and smoothed particle hydrodynamics. Chip mechanism of single CBN abrasive grain and its geometric features’ effects on cutting deformation of workpiece material are analyzed according to the stress variation of CBN abrasive grain and workpiece material, and motion situation of smoothed particles in cutting layer. CBN abrasive grains’ scratching experiment is carried out by using abrasive block of vitrified bonded CBN wheel. It is concluded that workpiece material occurs plastic deformation, flows to the side and front owing to the extrusion of abrasive grain, and finally forms chip in front of abrasive grain. The shear angle increases with the increase of grain rake angle, it results in the decrease of ploughing and increase of cutting. The wear of the edges of abrasive grain is faster due to its lower strergth and larger contact stress. Wear abrasion and micro-breaking result in the dullness of abrasive grain.

Research on Efficiency Evaluation for Underwater Acoustic Countermeasure System Based on GreyHierarchy Analysis

TANG Zheng, SUN Chao₁, LIU Zong-wei₁, MENG Di₁

2012, 33(4):  432-436.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.009

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In order to solve the disadvantages for the efficiency evaluation of the underwater acoustic countermeasure, resulting from the underwater information fuzzy and data scarcity, the gray analytic hierarchy evaluation method is proposed. These disadvantages are classified based on the attribution, according to the mission, structure and function of the underwater acoustic countermeasure. And then, the efficiency evaluation index system of the underwater acoustic countermeasure system is established. Moreover, the concrete evaluation process for various situations are given. Finally, the simualtion results show that the method can realize the quantitative analysis of efficiency evaluation on different countermeasure strategies, which provde a reference foundation for optimization of underwater acoustic countermeasure strategies.

Simulation and Experimental Study on Liner Formation Based on Warm High-pressure Torsion Technique

LI Ping, ZHANG Kai, XUE Ke-min, WANG Xiao-xi

2012, 33(4):  437-442.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.010

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High-pressure-torsion (HPT) can improve the consolidation effect of metal powder, refine the grain effectively, and homogenize the grain distribution. A thin wall cone was taken as example, and its warm HPT manufacture technology was studied experimentally and numerically by using MSC.Marc software. The rules of deformation and densification were analyzed. The results show that the axial distribution patterns of equivalent stress, strain and relative density of the formed cone are similar, And they all decrease from openning to vertex of the cone; and the shear strain is larger in the area close to die wall; the relative density in the outer wall is always higher than that in the inner wall in the same horizontal position. The relative density of the cone prepared by using warm HPT can be up to 0.960 5, and close to the simulation result. The degrees of grain refinement in different positions are from 52% to 66%, which indicate the uniformity of organization structure is better. The range of micro-hardness is from 70 to 116 HV0.1. In addition, the experiment results coincide with the simulation results better, and it shows the correctness of established finite element model.

Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Two-phase Abrasive Flow Based on Shear Stress TransportTurbulent Model

JI Shi-ming， FU You-zhi， TAN Da-peng， LI Chen， TANG Bo， CHI Yong-wei

2012, 33(4):  443-450.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.011

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In order to bypass difficulties in experiment of soft abrasive flow dynamic characteristics, a method based on shear stress transport (SST) turbulent model was proposed. It has both advantages of k-ω and standard k-ε models and higher simulation precision in the near wall region. As a common structure in engineering, a U-shaped channel

Evaluation of Filter-based Model for Numerical Computation of Cryogenic Turbulent Cavitating Flows

SHI Su-guo, WANG Guo-yu, QUAN Xiao-bo, ZHAO Yu

2012, 33(4):  451-458.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.012

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The application of filter-based turbulent model in the computation of the cryogenic turbulent cavitating flows was evaluated. The standard k－ε, modified RNG k－ε and FBM turbulence models were used to simulate the cavitating flows around an axisymmetric ogive in liquid nitrogen and investigate the influence of the inlet turbulent intensity on the cavitating flows. By comparing the numerical results with the experimental data in a reference, it is shown that the FBM turbulence model can be used to simulate the cavity interface of the vapour-liquid mixture in the cryogenic fluids so much the better, and capture the pressure and temperature distributions around the axisymmetric ogive more accurately. The simulation results obtained by the FBM model are accordant with the experimental data. The standard k－ε and modified RNG k－ε models are more sensitive to the inlet eddy-to-laminar viscosity ratio of the calculation cases. The FBM model can be used obviously to reduce the effect of the inlet boundary conditions of μ_T/μ_L|_inlet viscosity ratio on the numerical results.

Remanent Magnetic Field Modeling of Naval Vessels Based on Integral Method and Tikhonov RegularizationMethod

ZHOU Guo-hua, XIAO Chang-han, LIU Da-ming, LIU Sheng-dao

2012, 33(4):  459-465.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.013

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Due to the complexity and unpredictability of the magnetization history of ship ferromagnetic material, the remanent magnetic field modeling of ships is always a technical issue in ship magnetic silencing. A new reconstruction method of the remanent magnetic field of ship was proposed based on an integral method and Tikhonov regularization method. Firstly, the magnetic field below a ship was measured, and the induced magnetic field caused by geomagnetic field at the measuring points was calculated. Then, a remanent magnetic field inverse model was given based on the measured data of magnetic field and the calculated induced magnetic field. Tikhonov regularization method was adopted to solve the above inverse model to eliminate the ill-conditioning influence of the inverse model. A mockup was designed to verify the proposed method. The results show that the calculation accuracy is satisfying and the remanent magnetic field can be reconstructed efficiently by the proposed method.

Research on Precise Localization for Non-cooperative Shallow Water Sound Source

ZHAI Chun-ping, ZHANG Ming-wei, ZHANG Yu, LIU Yu-dong

2012, 33(4):  465-470.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.014

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In order to measure the depths of the objective sound source in shallow water and virtual sound sources under multi-path conditions, an abeam energy maximum measurement method was proposed by analyzing underwater image mechanism in depth measurement under the ideal and multi-path conditions. It can also realize the depth survey of level line-array by analyzing symmetric relation of the real source position and the virtual source position. In this paper, the simulation results and experimental data are analyzed and compared, the accuracies of the depth scanning under different conditions are discussed, and the accurate localization results for the target source are given.

Research on Detection of Underwater Acoustic Signal with Unknown Frequency

CHEN Xin-hua，BAO Xi-zhong，LI Qi-hu，SUN Chang-yu

2012, 33(4):  471-475.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.015

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A target detection method was presented based on the processing of array signal with unknown frequency. First, the received signals were processed using FFT. Then the beam-forming of every frequency unit was processed. The target was detected by calculating statistically the direction-of-arrival (DOA) results of every frequency unit, as DOA of noise frequency unit is random, and DOAs of target are nearly consistent. The simulation results shows that the detection performance of the method is consistent with the performance of processing the signal with known frequency. And the trial results prove that the algorithm is valid. A new idea is provided for the detection of weak line spectrum target.

CFD Analysis on Thermal Process in Battery Compartment of an Underwater Vehicle

WANG Yan-feng, HU Yu-li, MENG Sheng, WANG Peng

2012, 33(4):  476-482.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.016

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Exothermic question of lithium/thionyl chloride battery will affect the efficiency of battery compartment of underwater vehicle, and may cause serious safety problems. Thus, the thermal process in battery compartment is analyzed by using CFD. Its mathematical and physical models are established by using coupled fluid-solid heat transfer method, and the temperature contours and temperature-time curves are simulated by adopting FLUENT 6.2 software. Also, they are tested experimentally. The test results indicate that the temperature contours and temperature-time curves inside the battery compartment are mainly relevant to the discharging current of ER48660 lithium/thionyl chloride battery and the heat conductivity of media.

Research on Optimization Maintenance Method of Latent Fault Based on Residual Life

PENG Bo, JIN Xing, YANG Yang, CHANG Hao

2012, 33(4):  483-487.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.017

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A latent fault usually leads to great security risk and financial loss. The judgment of unobvious latent fault judgment relies on regular inspection. A regular inspection and periodic maintenance model, which aims to acquire the minimal mean cost of long-term operation of component, was proposed based on the residual life after the occurrence of latent fault, and the influence of accelerating deterioration on maintenance was discussed. The latent fault occurrence can be estimated in time through the regular inspection. Furthermore, the periodic maintenance strategy used after latent fault appearance can make full use of residual life of component and maximize its service life.

Dynamic Evolution Model of Equipment Maintenance Organizational Structure Based on Multielement-Weighted Network

XU Yu-guo, QIU Jing, LIU Guan-jun

2012, 33(4):  488-496.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.018

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The dynamic analysis and design of equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure is a critical challenge in a complex networked environment. The network characteristics of equipment maintenance logistics organization was analyzed by using the complex network theory. A multielement-weighted network model of equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure was addressed，and five characteristic values which depict the maintenance logistics organizational structure were defined. The impact of topology characteristics and dynamic evolution on the equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure was analyzed. Two dynamic evolution models of equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure were proposed based on the multielement-weighted network, which are the random evolution model and the adaptive evolution model. And an algorithm for the analysis of organizational structure dynamics was proposed using the models along with those five characteristic values. Finally, an equipment maintenance logistics organizational structure was provided to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The impact of adaptive evolution model parameters on the organizational structure performance was analyzed. The result shows the proposed method can be used to obtain the best maintenance logistics cooperation effectiveness.

Relialbility Ananlysis for Link Mechanism Under Influence of Multiple Factors

LAI Xiong-ming， DUAN Ji-an， ZHU Wei

2012, 33(4):  497-502.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.019

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The reliability analysis for link mechanism usually concerns the effectiveness and accuracy of the motion of the mechanism. Considering the influence of dimensional errors, clearances, assembling errors, friction coefficients, input driving velocities and external loads comprehensively, the typical mechanism model based on multi-rigid-body dynamics and clearance contact theory is established. Assuming that the above factors follow normal probability distribution are independent with each other, the mechanism reliability is analyzed by using the Monte Carlo sampling simulation method, and the effects of the above factors on the mechanism reliability are studied further. Then, the significant factors can be identified. The analysis can provide reference for the subsequent reliability analysis of the mechanism. Meanwhile, for the reliability analysis of other mechanisms, this paper makes sense for reference.

Research Notes

Analysis of Detecting Performance of Active Sonar in Long-range Torpedo

YANG Xiu-ting, ZHAO Xiao-zhe

2012, 33(4):  503-507.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.020

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According to the shallow-water combat applications of submarine-launched torpedo, three typical hydrological conditions were used to calculate the detecting range and direction-finding error of torpedo flank array sonar by utilizing the mid-frequency active sonar pulse signals. The results show that, in the anti-ship warfare, the flank array sonar of submarine-launched torpedo can detect a surface target at long distance by intercepting the active pulse signals from the surface target, and the flank array sonar can use for homing due to its high direction-finding accuracy when a target is detected.

Research on Hierarchical Parameter Optimization Method of Underwater Acoustic Countermeasure Strategy

CHEN Hong-yu， YANG Yi-xin， TANG Jian-sheng

2012, 33(4):  508-511.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2012.04.021

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The underwater acoustic countermeasure strategies concern a variety of factors, and have no analytical optimal solution. A method of optimizing the underwater acoustic countermeasure strategy using hierarchical parameters was proposed. Firstly, the hierarchical parameters were determined according to the effect of each parameter in oppositional process. Secondly, the hierarchical parameters were optimized through exhaustive simulation. Finally, the underwater acoustic countermeasure strategy was optimized. This method requires less computation than the exhaustive simulation method and eliminate the pseudo-optimal strategies which have no meaning in practical countermeasure.