A Method for Detecting the Camouflaged Small Target in Complex Scene Using Airborne Polarization Remote Sensing

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0797

Abstract

Abstract:

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing detection plays an important role in military reconnaissance,and the polarization detection is to utilize the polarization changes generated by the interaction between polarized light and target to improve the target contrast.However,in complex scenes,the small targets are less distinguishable from the background due to their similar features and the insufficient spatial information,resulting in difficulties in detection.To this end,a polarization camouflaged small object detection (PCSOD)-YOLO algorithm is proposed,and an efficient layer attention module-coordinated attention (ELAM-CA) and a spatial pyramid pooling cross stage partial channel-3D weights attention (SPPCSPC-3DWA) module are designed to capture the polarization features and semantic information of target,enhancing the ability to understand the contextual information.A dynamic small target detection head is designed to enhance the ability to extract the features of small targets through dynamic convolution,and the detected results of small target are outputted using the feature information from different scales and the multi-channel feature information.A polarization image of camouflaged small objects (PICSO) dataset is constructed for the camouflaged small target polarization images.Experiments on the PICSO dataset show that the proposed method can effectively detect the camouflaged small targets,with mAP_0.5 and mAP_0.5:0.95 reaching 92.4% and 47.8%,respectively.The detection rate reaches 60.6 frames per second,meeting the real-time requirements.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicle, small target detection, deep learning, polarization imaging, dynamic convolution

SHEN Ying, ZHANG Shuo, WANG Shu, SU Yun, XUE Fang, HUANG Feng. A Method for Detecting the Camouflaged Small Target in Complex Scene Using Airborne Polarization Remote Sensing[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240797-.

Figures/Tables 15

References 32

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目标类别	训练集	验证集	测试集
Military vehicle I	1127	140	145
Missile vehicle II	241	28	30
Camouflage board	554	73	55
Jeep	253	36	34
Person	431	48	55

目标类别	训练集	验证集	测试集
Military vehicle I	1127	140	145
Missile vehicle II	241	28	30
Camouflage board	554	73	55
Jeep	253	36	34
Person	431	48	55

探测角度/(°)	S₀图像	DoLp图像	I_s图像	偏振编码图像	局部放大图
45
90

探测角度/(°)	S₀图像	DoLp图像	I_s图像	偏振编码图像	局部放大图
45
90

高度/m	军事车辆Ⅰ	军事车辆Ⅱ	伪装板	吉普车	伪装人
H₃₀
H₅₀
H₇₀