Dynamic Response and Damage Evolution of Cracked Composite Solid Propellants under Shock Wave Loading

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0778

Abstract

Abstract:

Solid propellants with crack defects are susceptible to crack propagation under shock wave loading during their service life,significantly affecting their structural integrity.The dynamic mechanical response and defect-induced damage evolution of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) propellants under varying shock wave intensities are investigated using a shock tube apparatus,and the schlieren imaging and 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) techniques.Shock wave loading experiments are conducted on both defect-free and crack-defected propellant specimens within a pressure range of 0.3 to 0.9MPa,and the dynamic deformation and damage evolution processes of propellant specimens are captured in the experiments.The results indicate that the deformation of the defect-free specimen exhibits a parabolic profile,and The deformation of the sample increases with the increase in impact pressure.The specimens with different crack depths show different degrees of crack growth under 0.9 MPa impact pressure,and the multiple impacts will result in superimposed damage.The critical failure crack depth ratio is 50%-75%.Residual specimen analysis reveales that the matrix cracking,particle debonding,and particle fracture are the primary failure mechanisms.These findings provide valuable insights for assessing the structural integrity of solid rocket motors under ignition shock condition.

Key words: shock wave load, prefabricated damage, solid propellant, failure mode

WANG Ran, ZHANG Yiming, GUO Songlin, WANG Haosen, WANG Ningfei, WU Yi. Dynamic Response and Damage Evolution of Cracked Composite Solid Propellants under Shock Wave Loading[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240778-.

Figures/Tables 20

Table 1 HTPB formula mass fraction %

组分	真实HTPB	惰性HTPB
HTPB	10	21
AP	53
Al	14	21
CaCO₃		23
K₂SO₄		30
RDX	20
其他	3	5

Fig.1 SEM images of the propellant

Fig.2 Geometric dimensions of specimen

Table 2 Experimental conditions

工况	冲击压力/MPa	冲击速度/(m·s^-1)	损伤深度/mm
Z-3	0.3	477.4	0
Z-5	0.5	519.5	0
Z-6	0.6	532.1	0
Z-9	0.9	582.2	0
D-2.5	0.9	582.2	2.5
D-5	0.9	582.2	5.0
D-7.5	0.9	582.2	7.5
D-10	0.9	582.2	10

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of shock tube

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of optical measuring device

Fig.5 Pressure-time curve of the sensors

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of shock wave velocity derivation

Fig.7 Impact velocity curves under different impact pressures

Fig.8 Pressure curve under the conditions without crack defects

Fig.9 Deformed schlieren image of Z-9 specimen

Fig.10 Maximum displacement of Z-9 specimen deformation

Fig.11 Pressure curve under conditions with crack defects

Table 3 Schlieren diagram with crack defects in Phase Ⅰ

Fig.12 Schlieren diagram of D-7.5 rupture process in Phase Ⅱ

Table 4 Schlieren diagrams with crack defects in Phases Ⅱ and Ⅲ

Fig.13 Morphology images of the specimens

Fig.14 Specimen CT scan images

Fig.15 Distribution diagram of specimen damage area

Fig.16 SEM images of the damaged area of specimen

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