刚性弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板的理论模型

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0423

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为对弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板弹道和弹体姿态进行快速预估,在开坑阶段基于弹体表面应力分布确定弹体载荷,将攻角作用最明显的开坑阶段细分为弹头进入阶段和完全进入后的剩余开坑阶段,同时考虑斜侵彻时自由表面效应及弹靶接触区域变化对弹体受力的影响,建立弹体带攻角斜侵彻混凝土靶的开坑模型。结合弹体斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶的姿态偏转理论模型中隧道和剪切冲塞阶段模型,构建刚性弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板理论模型,出靶余速与偏转角计算结果与实验吻合较好。模型对给定工况的计算结果表明,在一定倾角条件下,正攻角会加剧弹体的偏转并降低弹体的侵彻能力,负攻角会抑制弹体的偏转且适当的负攻角可提高弹体的侵彻能力。

关键词: 刚性弹, 攻角, 斜侵彻, 贯穿, 混凝土靶

Abstract:

To facilitate the pre-estimation of the trajectory and attitude of rigid projectiles obliquely penetrating into concrete targets at attack angles, an theoretical model of rigid projectiles obliquely penetrating into concrete targets at attack angles is proposed to predicate the influence of attack angle on the motion state of projectiles. This paper offers a new method for calculating the projectile load at the cratering stage by its surface stress distribution, and subdivides the cratering stage into the entering stage of the projectile nose and the remaining stage after the full entry as it is considered that the attack angle has most obvious effects at the cratering stage. Moreover, the influence of free surface effect and contact area change on the stress of the projectile body is considered in the cratering model. Then the tunnel and shear plugging model in the theoretical model of attitude deflection is used to predict the whole process of a rigid projectile obliquely penetrating into a concrete target at an attack angle. The computational results of the motion state of the projectile under different penetration situations are proved to be in good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, the results show that at an oblique angle, the positive attack angle will aggravate the deflection and reduce the penetration ability, while the negative attack angle will inhibit the deflection and the penetration ability can be improved when the negative attack angle is in the right range.

Key words: rigid projectile, attack angle, oblique penetration, perforation, concrete target

中图分类号:

O385

刘泓甫, 黄风雷, 白志玲, 段卓平. 刚性弹体带攻角斜侵彻贯穿混凝土靶板的理论模型[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(8): 2381-2390.

LIU Hongfu, HUANG Fenglei, BAI Zhiling, DUAN Zhuoping. Theoretical Model of Oblique Penetration of Rigid Projectiles into Concrete Targets at Attack Angles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(8): 2381-2390.

图/表 17

图1 弹体初始状态

Fig.1 Initial state of projectile

图2 弹体贯穿不同厚度混凝土靶

Fig.2 Penetration of projectiles into targets of different thicknesses

图3 尖卵形弹带攻角斜侵彻混凝土靶

Fig.3 Oblique penetration of ogive-nose projectile into concrete target at attack angles

图4 弹体坐标示意图

Fig.4 Coordinate of projectile

图5 弹头表面几何关系示意图

Fig.5 Diagram of geometric relation of projectile surface

图6 自由表面效应示意图

Fig.6 Diagram of free surface effects

图7 弹头进入阶段计算过程

Fig.7 Calculation process of the entering stage

图8 不完整开坑阶段计算过程

Fig.8 Calculation process of the incomplete cratering stage

表1 弹体参数

Table 1 Parameters of projectiles

序号	弹径/ m	质心弹尖距离/m	弹长/ m	弹头长/m	弹重/ kg	弹头系数	转动惯量/ (kg·m²)
1	0.030	0.097	0.18	0.058	0.52	4.00	1.4×10^-3
2	0.360	0.743	1.48	0.426	500.00	1.69	76.1
3	0.064	0.179	0.32	0.106	5.04	3.00	3.7×10^-2
4	0.250	1.100	2.20	0.500	438.00	4.50	145.0

表2 靶体参数

Table 2 Parameters of targets

序号	厚度/m	密度/(kg·m^-3)	强度/MPa
1	0.10	2400	40.0
2	1.00	2400	40.0
3	0.42	2420	34.3
4	0.43	2420	34.3
5	1.50	2420	45.0

表3 计算结果与实验结果对比

Table 3 Comparison between computational results and experimental data

实验序号	弹体序号	靶体序号	弹体初始状态				靶厚分类	余速/(m·s^-1)			出靶姿态角/(°)
实验序号	弹体序号	靶体序号	初速/ (m·s^-1)	姿态角/ (°)	倾角/ (°)	攻角/ (°)	靶厚分类	实验值	计算值	相对偏差/%	实验值	计算值	相对偏差/%
1	1	1	705	14.41	15.11	-0.70	薄	624	590	5.4	13.67	13.6	0.5
2	1	1	515	28.54	29.57	-1.03	薄	428	350	18.2	26.74	30	12.2
3	1	1	694	28.28	29.8	-1.52	薄	576	579	0.5	26.63	29	8.9
4	2	2	256	30.8	25	5.8	中厚	73	67	8.2	41	39	4.9
5	3	3	407	15.9	15.9	0	厚	152	160	5.3	20.8	19.2	7.7
6	3	4	407	20.7	20.7	0	厚	168	141	16.1	32.06	26.6	16.8
7	4	5	227	0	0	0	厚	105	97	7.6	0	0	0

图9 轴向阻力

Fig.9 Axial resistance

图10 径向阻力

Fig.10 Radial resistance

图11 攻角对余速的影响

Fig.11 Influence of attack angles on residual velocity

图12 攻角对姿态偏转角的影响

Fig.12 Influence of attack angles on attitude deflection angles

图13 攻角对开坑阶段偏转角的影响

Fig.13 Influence of attack angles on deflection angles in cratering stage

图14 攻角对二次偏转角的影响

Fig.14 Influence of attack angles on secondary deflection angles

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