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兵工学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 1415-1420.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.011

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

激波针气动特性及外形参数优化研究

李永红, 高川, 唐新武   

  1. (中国空气动力研究与发展中心 高速空气动力研究所, 四川 绵阳 621000)
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-06 修回日期:2016-01-06 上线日期:2016-09-30
  • 作者简介:李永红(1986—)男工程师

Drag Reduction Characteristics and Design Optimization of Spikes

LI Yong-hong, GAO Chuan, TANG Xin-wu   

  1. (High Speed Aerodynamic Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan,China)
  • Received:2016-01-06 Revised:2016-01-06 Online:2016-09-30

摘要: 采用钝头体的飞行器在超声速特别是高超声速条件下,其前缘会形成头部弓形激波,进而带来较大的波阻,严重影响飞行器的气动性能。相关研究表明,在高超声速条件下,钝前缘安装激波针可以将激波推离物面,从而减小头部表面压力,是减小超声速钝体阻力的有效方法,但在超声速,特别是一些巡航速度不高(马赫数Ma=1.5左右)的导弹中,为满足射程等相关要求,对激波针减阻的使用价值还有待进行验证。为了研究激波针在Ma=1.5条件下对轴对称钝锥外形气动特性的影响,通过数值模拟方法对比了不同形状激波针在Ma=1.5条件下的减阻效果,分析了减阻机理及外形参数影响;通过基于Kriging和遗传算法相结合的优化方法对主要外形参数进行了优化设计,给出了减阻效果较好的激波针外形参数选取范围,对工程应用具有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词: 兵器科学与技术, 激波针, 阻力特性, 激波, Kriging模型, 优化

Abstract: Taking into account the configuration or aerodynamic heating, most hypersonic flight vehicles have to use the blunt-nosed body. A strong bow shock forms ahead of the blunt nose to introduce a rather high shock drag in supersonic flow,especially in hypersonic flow,that affects the aerodynamic performance of the vehicles seriously. A spike mounted on a blunt-noised body pushes the strong bow shock away from the body surface, which forms recirculation flow with low pressure ahead of the body surface, and then decreases the drag. The drag reduction effects of spikes in high supersonic and hypersonic flows are validated through experimental and numerical methods. In order to analyze the influence of spike on aerodynamic characteristics of blunt-nosed body in supersonic(Ma=1.5) flow, the numerical studies are carried out. The design optimization of spike shape is carried out based on Kriging model and genetic algorithm.

Key words: ordnance science and technology, spike, drag characteristic, shock wave, Kriging model, optimization

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