一种防空服务质量模型下的集中式多输入多输出雷达三维机动跟踪功率分配方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.1252

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对防空作战中现有多功能雷达功率资源利用率低的问题,提出一种基于服务质量(Quanlity of Service, QoS)模型的三维机动跟踪功率分配方法以差异化标准提升多目标跟踪性能。将目标三维机动模型建立为自适应当前统计模型,通过将加速度协方差与估计误差协方差矩阵相关联以实现自适应调整。在此基础上,对三维跟踪下的贝叶斯克拉美罗下界进行推导,并将其作为跟踪误差衡量指标。通过构建关于目标威胁度与期望跟踪精度的函数关系,建立防空QoS模型下的闭环功率优化分配机制。证明所构建功率优化分配模型是凸优化问题,并进一步转化为半正定规划问题进行求解。仿真结果表明,相对于传统功率分配方法,所提方法能显著提高全局跟踪效能。

关键词: 集中式多输入多输出雷达, 功率分配, 三维机动跟踪, 防空作战, 凸优化

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of low power resource utilization for multi-function radar in air defense operation, this paper proposes a power allocation method for three-dimensional maneuvering tracking based on the quality of service (QoS) model, which achieves the improvement in multiple target tracking (MTT) performance with differentiated standards. The target three-dimensional maneuvering model is established as an adaptive current statistical (ACS) model, and the adaptive adjustment is achieved by associating the acceleration covariance with the estimation error covariance matrix. On this basis, the Bayesian Cramér-Rao lower bound (BCRLB) under three-dimensional tracking is derived and utilized as a criterion of tracking error. Subsequently, a closed-loop power optimization allocation mechanism under the air defense QoS model is established by constructing a functional relationship between the target threat degree and the expected tracking accuracy. In the last, it is proved that the formulated power optimal allocation model is a convex optimization problem, which is further transformed into a semi-definite programming (SDP) problem for solving. Simulated results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the global tracking performance compared with the traditional power allocation methods.

Key words: colocated multiple-input multiple-output radar, power allocation, three-dimensional maneuvering tracking, air defense operation, convex optimization

中图分类号:

TN957

李正杰, 陈红印, 谢军伟, 张浩为, 刘斌. 一种防空服务质量模型下的集中式多输入多输出雷达三维机动跟踪功率分配方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(4): 1321-1331.

LI Zhengjie, CHEN Hongyin, XIE Junwei, ZHANG Haowei, LIU Bin. A Power Allocation Method for Three-dimensional Maneuvering Tracking of Colocated MIMO Radar Based on Air Defense QoS Model[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(4): 1321-1331.

图/表 12

图1 闭环功率优化分配机制

Fig.1 Closed-loop power optimization allocation mechanism

图2 雷达与目标的空间位置关系

Fig.2 Spatial position relationship between radar and targets

图3 雷达与目标的实时径向距离

Fig.3 Real-time radial distancesamong radar and targets

表1 目标初始运动状态

Table 1 Target initial parameters

目标	位置/km	速度/(m·s^-1)	加速度/(m·s^-2)
1	(12.2,75.1, 14.7)	(-1886.1,-476.2, 104.0)	(-34.2,-5.1, 2.8)
2	(38.6,-35.3, 18.0)	(214.9,842.3, -41.1)	(9.4,13.7, 5.2)
3	(-16.8,-69.8, 22.2)	(1328.2,450.0, -95.7)	(26.9,13.0, -8.8)

表2 雷达系统仿真参数设置

Table 2 Radar system simulation parameter setting

参数	数值	参数	数值
B_w/(°)	0.1	B_P/(°)	0.1
β_k_,_q/MHz	1	T_k_,_q/ms	1
λ_c/m	0.2	P_total/kW	60
P_max/kW	48	P_min/kW	6
T_S/s	2	γ_basic/m	145
β₁	0	σ₁	0.2
β₂	-45	σ₂	0.4
β₃	-60	Q	3

图4 场景1中不同功率分配方法下的跟踪性能对比

Fig.4 Comparison of tracking performances with different power allocation methods in Case 1

图5 场景1中的防空任务效能对比

Fig.5 Comparison of air defense mission effectivenesses in Case 1

图6 场景1中所提方法的功率分配结果

Fig.6 Power allocation results in Case 1

图7 场景2中的归一化目标威胁权值

Fig.7 Normalized target threat weight in Case 2

图8 场景2中不同功率分配方法下的跟踪性能对比

Fig.8 Comparison of yracking performances with different power allocation methods in Case 2

图9 场景2中的防空任务效能对比

Fig.9 Comparison of air defense mission effectivenesses in Case 2

图10 场景2中所提方法的功率分配结果

Fig.10 Power allocation results in Case 2

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