Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金的动态冲击力学响应与变形机制

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0499

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以具有抗冲击应用潜力的亚稳态面心立方晶格(Face-Centered Cubic,FCC)/体心立方晶格(Body-Centered Cubic,BCC)双相Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅高熵合金为研究对象,旨在系统研究其动态压缩力学行为并揭示微观变形机制。采用万能试验机、霍普金森压杆、电子背散射衍射、分子动力学模拟研究了其静动态压缩力学性能,分析了其塑性应力-应变响应特性、应变率敏感性及微观变形机制,阐明了其动态压缩强化机理,建立了其动态压缩本构模型。结果表明,动态压缩加载下该合金表现出明显应变率强化效应,且流动应力随应变先缓慢增长后显著上升;初始微观结构为FCC(71.4%)/BCC(28.6%)双相结构,单轴压缩加载下发生FCC相向BCC相转变,且受应变率影响较大,准静态压缩下FCC相与BCC相比值约为1∶1,动态下约为3∶7,该相变直接导致流动应力突变;MD模拟进一步证实了应变率效应显著,塑性变形机制以相变主导,且随BCC相增多由全位错滑移主导BCC相变形;基于Johnson-Cook模型,建立了亚稳态双相Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅合金动态压缩本构模型。本研究为其在抗冲击结构材料设计与应用提供了重要理论依据。

关键词: 高熵合金, 动态力学性能, J-C本构模型, 分子动力学模拟

Abstract:

The metastable face-centered cubic (FCC) and body-centered cubic (BCC) dual-phase Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅ high-entropy alloy has significant application prospects in the field of impact-resistant structural materials. The paper aims to systematically examine its dynamic response and compressive deformation mechanisms. The quasi-static and dynamic compressive mechanical properties of the high-entropy alloy are characterized using a universal testing machine, split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The plastic stress-strain response, strain rate sensitivity, and microscopic deformation mechanisms of the high-entropy alloy are analyzed, and its strengthening mechanism under dynamic compression is elucidated. A dynamic constitutive model for the metastable dual-phase Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅ is established. The high-entropy alloy exhibits strain rate sensitivity, of which the flow stress initially increase gradually and then rises sharply at larger strains. The base material is consisted of 71.4% FCC and 28.6% BCC phases. The FCC-to-BCC phase transformation under uniaxial compression is strain-rate-dependent. The ratio of FCC-to-BCC phase transformation under quasi-static loading is approximately 1∶1, whereas it is approximately 3∶7 under dynamic loading. MD simulations confirm the phase-transformation-dominated deformation mechanism. The plastic deformation shifts to full dislocation slip in BCC phases as their fraction increases. The dynamic stress-strain response is predicted using a modified Johnson-Cook constitutive model. These findings can provide theoretical guidance for the design and application of HEAs in impact-resistant structures.

Key words: High entropy alloy, dynamic mechanical property, J-C constitutive model, molecular dynamics simulation

中图分类号:

TH142.2

凌静, 梁延祥, 敬霖. Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅高熵合金的动态冲击力学响应与变形机制[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(10): 250499-.

LING Jing, LIANG Yanxiang, JING Lin. Dynamic Impact Mechanics Response and Deformation Mechanisms of Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅ High-entropy Alloy[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(10): 250499-.

图/表 14

图1 Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金试样取样及实验方法

Fig.1 Sampling and experimental methods of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy

图2 单晶Al15(CoCrFeNi)85合金的分子动力学模拟模型示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of molecular dynamics simulation model for single-crystal Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy

图3 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金的应力-应变响应

Fig.3 Stress-strain responses of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 hig-hentropy alloy at different strain rates

图4 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金相与晶界图

Fig.4 Phase and grain boundary diagrams of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy at different strain rates

图5 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金的取向与局部应变分布

Fig.5 Orientation and local strain distribution of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy at different strain rates

图6 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金的微结构演变

Fig.6 Microstructure evolution of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy at different strain rates

图7 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金的LAM值分布图

Fig.7 LAM distribution of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy at different strain rates

图8 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金微观组织随应变的原子快照图

Fig.8 Atomic snapshots of microstructural evolution in Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy at different strain rates

图9 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金模型中不同晶格原子比例随应变的变化曲线

Fig.9 Lattice atom ratio versus strain in Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy models at different strain rates

图10 5×109s-1压缩加载下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金高熵合金不同相中的位错演化

Fig.10 Dislocation evolution in different phases of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy under compressive loading at 5×109s-1

图11 2.5×1010s-1压缩加载下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金不同相中的位错演化

Fig.11 Dislocation evolution in different phases of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy under compressive loading at 2.5×1010s-1

图12 不同应变率下Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金FCC相和BCC相中位错密度与应变的关系

Fig.12 Dislocation density-strain relationship of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy at different strain rates

图13 应变率敏感性系数C与无量纲应变率${\stackrel{·}{\epsilon }}^{*}$的关系

Fig.13 Relationship between thestrain rate sensitivity coefficient C and the dimensionless strain rate ${\stackrel{·}{\epsilon }}^{*}$

图14 不同应变率下 Al15(CoCrFeNi)85高熵合金压缩应力-应变响应实验数据与模型预测比较

Fig.14 Comparison between model predicted and experimental compressive stress-strain responses of Al15(CoCrFeNi)85 high-entropy alloy at different train rates

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Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅高熵合金的动态冲击力学响应与变形机制

Dynamic Impact Mechanics Response and Deformation Mechanisms of Al₁₅(CoCrFeNi)₈₅ High-entropy Alloy

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