履带车辆行星式综合传动系统换挡冲击特性及影响规律

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0429

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

履带车辆行星式综合传动系统换挡过程产生的动态冲击,严重影响传动系统的服役性能和可靠性。针对某行星式综合传动系统,建立齿轮传动部件、离合器和制动器等扭转动力学模型,构建传动系统换挡过程动力学模型。开展综合传动系统换挡过程仿真与台架试验,仿真与试验结果的变化趋势基本一致,验证了动力学模型的正确性。研究换挡过程典型构件的冲击载荷,揭示油门开度和冲放油特性曲线等对操纵件动态转矩的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着放油延时的增加,分离操纵件的反向动态转矩逐渐增大,结合操纵件的最大冲击转矩逐渐增大;随着放油时间的延长,分离操纵件的反向动态转矩逐渐增大,结合操纵件的最大冲击转矩先减小后增加;第4个升压阶段冲油越快,结合操纵件的最大冲击转矩越大,最大值较最小值增加了11%;随着油门开度的增大,操纵件最大动态转矩逐渐增加,最大值较最小值增加了73.8%。

关键词: 履带车辆, 行星式综合传动, 换挡过程, 冲击载荷

Abstract:

The dynamic impacts generated during the transient shifting process of a planetary integrated transmission system for tracked vehicle have serious effect on the service performance and reliability of transmission system.For a certain planetary integrated transmission system,the torsional dynamics models of gear transmission components,clutches and brakes,etc are established,and a dynamics model of transmission system during the shifting process is constructed.The simulation and bench tests of the shifting process of the integrated transmission system are carried out.The changing trends of the simulated and test results are basically consistent,thus verifying the correctness of the dynamics model.The impact loads of typical components during the shifting process are further studied,and the influence laws of the throttle opening and the characteristics curves of oil charging and discharging,etc.on the dynamic torques of the operating components are revealed.The main conclusions are as follows.The reverse dynamic torque of disengaging operating component and the maximum impact torque of engaging operating component gradually increase with the increase in oil discharging delay.With the extension of oil discharging time,the reverse dynamic torque of disengaging operating component gradually increases,and the maximum impact torque of engaging operating component decreases first and then increases.The faster the oil charging is in the fourth pressure increasing stage,the greater the maximum impact torque of engaging operating component is,and the maximum impact value is 11% higher than the minimum impact value.With the increase in throttle opening,the maximum dynamic torque of operating component gradually increases,and the maximum dynamic torque value is 73.8% higher than the minimum dynamic torque value.

Key words: tracked vehicle, planetary power-shift steering transmission, shifting process, impact load

中图分类号:

TH113.1

王成, 漆一帆, 孙雪岩, 杜明刚, 边骥轩, 张鹏. 履带车辆行星式综合传动系统换挡冲击特性及影响规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(8): 240429-.

WANG Cheng, QI Yifan, SUN Xueyan, DU Minggang, BIAN Jixuan, ZHANG Peng. Research on Shifting Shock Characteristics of Planetary Power-shift Steering Transmission for Tracked Vehicles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(8): 240429-.

图/表 20

图1 行星式综合传动系统结构布局

Fig.1 Structural layout of planetary power-shift steering transmission

图2 制动器动力学模型

Fig.2 Dynamic model of brake

图3 离合器力学模型

Fig.3 Dynamic model of clutch

图4 换挡过程操纵件仿真流程

Fig.4 Simulation flowchart of operating components during shifting process

表1 配装车辆参数

Table 1 Vehicle parameters

车重/t	主动轮半径/m	侧传动比	迎风面积/m²	滚动阻力系数	空气阻力系数
30	0.286	4.0	6.4	0.04	0.59

图5 行星变速机构局部传动简图

Fig.5 Basic transmission component layout diagram of planetary gear transmission mechanism

图6 仿真和试验冲油与放油压力曲线对比图

Fig.6 Comparison of pressure curves for simulated and experimental oil charging and discharging

图7 仿真结果和试验结果对比

Fig.7 Comparison of simulated and experimental results

图8 换挡过程操纵件动态转矩

Fig.8 Friction torques of operating components during shifting

图9 复合行星传动关联构件转速

Fig.9 Rotational speed of related component of composite planetary transmission

图10 传动轴和齿轮换挡过程动态冲击载荷

Fig.10 Dynamic impact loads of transmission shaft and gear during gear shifting

图11 3种放油延时的油压曲线

Fig.11 Oil pressure curves for three different discharging delays

图12 不同放油延时下操纵件C1的动态转矩

Fig.12 Dynamic torque of C1 under different discharging delays

图13 不同放油延时下操纵件C2的动态转矩及局部放大图

Fig.13 Dynamic torque and local magnification of C2 under different discharging delays

图14 4种放油时间的油压曲线

Fig.14 Oil pressure curves for four different oil discharging times

图15 不同放油时间下操纵件C1的动态转矩

Fig.15 Dynamic torque of C1 under different oil discharging times

图16 不同放油时间下操纵件C2的动态转矩及局部放大图

Fig.16 Dynamic torque and local magnification of C2 under different oil discharging times

图17 4种不同冲油速度的油压曲线

Fig.17 Oil pressure curves for four different oil charging curves

图18 不同冲油速度下操纵件C2的动态转矩及局部放大图

Fig.18 Dynamic torque and local magnification of C2 under different oil charging curves

图19 不同油门开度下操纵件C2的动态转矩及局部放大图

Fig.19 Dynamic torque and local magnification of C2 under different throttle openings

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