基于弯管-流线模型的长杆弹侵彻头部材料流动过程分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.09.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究长杆弹侵彻过程中弹体材料的二维流动特性，基于长杆弹高速侵彻流体动力学模型，结合侵彻过程质量守恒以及弯管-流线模型，发展以撞击速度、参考点角度、参考点半径为控制变量的二维弯管-流线侵彻模型。利用该模型计算分析了钨合金侵彻钢靶过程中弹体头部材料的流动特性，并与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明：长杆弹侵彻过程中弹体头部材料的流动呈非均匀分布特性，外侧流速小于内侧流速，且弹体头部材料压力呈梯度分布。二维弯管-流线模型可用于描述侵彻过程中弹体头部材料的流动行为，解释了弹体在侵彻最终阶段弹体头部由流体主导向固体主导转变的作用过程，揭示了侵彻孔道形状变化与弹体侵彻状态之间的关联机制。

关键词: 长杆弹, 高速侵彻, 侵彻动力学, 弯管-流线模型, 头部材料, 流体动力学

Abstract: In order to study the two-dimensional rheological behavior of a long-rod projectile penetrating into steel target, a two-dimensional elbow-streamline penetration model was developed based on long-rod projectile hydrodynamic penetration model, mass conservation during penetration and elbow model. The impact velocity, reference point angle and reference point radius are considered in the proposed model. The material flow around the nose of tungsten long-rod projectile penetrating into a steel target was analyzed based on the proposed model and compared with the test results. The results show that the material flow around the tungsten long-rod projectile nose is non-uniformly distributed, and the flow velocity on the outer side is less than that on the inner side. The pressure on the long-rod projectile nose material is distributed gradiently. The proposed model is used to describe the material flow of long-rod projectile nose during penetration, and explain the process of transition from fluid to solid in the projectile nose at the final stage of penetration. It reveals the relation between the change of ballistics channel and the penetration state transition of projectile. Key

Key words: long-rodprojectile, high-velocitypenetration, impactdynamics, elbow-streamlinemodel, nosematerial, fluiddynamics

中图分类号:

O385
TJ012.4

陈海华，张先锋，刘闯，丁力，王季鹏，杜宁. 基于弯管-流线模型的长杆弹侵彻头部材料流动过程分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(9): 1787-1796.

CHEN Haihua, ZHANG Xianfeng, LIU Chuang, DING Li, WANG Jipeng, DU Ning. Analysis of Material Flow around Projectile Nose by Elbow-streamline Model during Long-rod Projectile Penetrating into Steel Target[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(9): 1787-1796.

参考文献

［1］王杰, 武海军, 杨荷,等. 高速/超高速侵彻半无限靶研究进展［J］. 兵工学报, 2017, 38(增刊1):73-88.
WANG J, WU H J, YANG H, et al. Research progress in penetration of projectiles into semi-infinite targets at high velocity/hypervelocity［J］.Acta Armammentarii,2017, 38(S1):73-88.（in Chinese）
［2］孔祥振, 方秦, 吴昊, 等. 长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限靶理论模型的对比分析与讨论［J］. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(20):37-43,58.
KONG X Z, FANG Q, WU H, et al. Comparison of long rod high velocity penetration models for semi-infinite targets ［J］. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017, 36(20):37-43,58. （in Chinese）
［3］肖云凯, 吴昊, 方秦. 长杆弹超高速侵彻金属靶体的实验和模型分析［J］. 兵工学报, 2017, 38(增刊1):15-23.
XIAO Y K, WU H, FANG Q. Experiment and theoretical model analysis of hypervelocity penetration of long-rod projectiles into metallic targets ［J］. Acta Armammentarii, 2017,38(S1):15-23. （in Chinese）
［4］ LU Z C, WEN H M. On the penetration of high strength steel rods into semi-infinite aluminium alloy targets［J］. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2018, 111:1-10.
［5］ TATE A. A theory for the deceleration of long rods after impact ［J］. Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids, 1967, 15(6): 387-399.
［6］ TATE A. Further results in the theory of long rod penetration［J］. Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids, 1969, 17(3):141-150.
［7］ ALEKSEEVSKII V P. Penetration of a rod into a target at high velocity［J］. Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves, 1966, 2(2): 63-66.
［8］ TATE A. A simple hydrodynamic model for the strain field produced in a target by the penetration of a high speed long rod projectile［J］. International Journal of Engineering Science, 1978, 16(11):845-858.
［9］ TATE A. A comment on a paper by Awerbuch and Bodner concerning the mechanics of plate perforation by a projectile［J］. International Journal of Engineering Science, 1979, 17(3):341-344.

［10］ TATE A. Long rod penetration models-part I. A flow field model for high speed long rod penetration ［J］. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 1986, 28(8):535-548.
［11］ TATE A. Long rod penetration models-part II. Extensions to the hydrodynamic theory of penetration［J］. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 1986, 28(9):599-612.
［12］ WALTERS W P, SEGLETES S B. An exact solution of the long rod penetration equations［J］. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1991, 11(2):225-231.
［13］ ANDERSON J C E, WALKER J D. An examination of long-rod penetration［J］. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1991, 11(4):481-501.
［14］ ANDERSON J C E, LITTLEFIELD D L, WALKER J D. Long-rod penetration, target resistance, and hypervelocity impact［J］.
International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1993, 14(1/2/3/4):1-12.
［15］ ANDERSON J C E, WALKER J D, BLESS S J, et al. On the LD effect for long-rod penetrators［J］. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1996, 18(3):247-264.
［16］ ANDERSON J C E, HOHLER V, WALKER J D, et al. Influence of projectile hardness on ballistic performance［J］. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1999, 22(6):619-632.
［17］ ANDERSON J C E, ORPHAL D L, FRANZEN R R, et al. On the hydrodynamic approximation for long-rod penetration［J］. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1999, 22(1):23-43.
［18］ WALKER J D, ANDERSON J C E . A time-dependent model for long-rod penetration［J］. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2015, 16(1):19-48.
［19］孙庚辰, 吴锦云, 赵国志,等. 长杆弹垂直侵彻半无限厚靶板的简化模型［J］. 兵工学报, 1981, 2(4):1-8.
SUN G C, WU J Y, ZHAO G Z, et al. A simplified model of the penetration of the long-rod penetrator against the plates with semi-infinite thickness at normal angle ［J］. Acta Armammentarii, 1981, 2(4):1-8. （in Chinese）
［20］ ZHANG L S, HUANG F L. Model for long-rod penetration into semi-infinite targets［J］. Journal of Beijing University of Science and Technology, 2004, 13(3):285-289.
［21］兰彬. 长杆弹侵彻半无限靶的数值模拟和理论研究［D］. 合肥：中国科学技术大学, 2008.
LAN B. A combined numerical and theoretical study of long rod penetration into semi-infinite targets［D］. Hefei：University of Science and Technology of China, 2008. （in Chinese）
［22］白以龙. 材料和结构的动态响应［M］. 合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社, 2005.
BAI Y L. Dynamic response of materials and structures ［M］. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2005.(in Chinese)
［23］ LEE M, BLESS S. Cavity dynamics for long rod penetration［R］. Austin,TX, US: University of Texas at Austin, 1996.
［24］吴群彪, 沈培辉, 刘荣忠,等. 长杆体稳定侵彻阶段头部形状的侵彻效率分析［J］. 兵器材料科学与工程, 2014, 37(3):80-83.
WU Q B, SHEN P H, LIU R Z, et al. Long rod penetration efficiency analysis of nose shape at quasi-steady penetration stage ［J］. Ordnance Material Science and Engineering, 2014, 37(3): 80-83. （in Chinese）
［25］ FORRESTAL M J, LONGCOPE D B, NORWOOD F R. A mo-del to estimate forces on conical penetrators into dry porous rock［J］. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1981, 48(1):25.
［26］ FORRESTAL M J, NORWOOD F R, LONGCOPE D B. Penetration into targets described by locked hydrostats and shear strength［J］. International Journal of Solids & Structures, 1981, 17(9):915-924.
［27］ WRIGHT T W, FRANK K. Approaches to penetration problems: MD 21005-5066 ［R］. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD,US: Ballistic Research Laboratory, 1988.
［28］林晓. 撞击与侵彻力学［M］. 北京：兵器工业出版社, 1992.
LIN X. Impact and penetration mechanics ［M］. Beijing: Publising House of Ordnance Industry, 1992. （in Chinese）
［29］杜广生, 田瑞, 王国玉,等. 工程流体力学［M］. 北京：中国电力出版社, 2005.
DU G S, TIAN R, WANG G Y, et al. Engineering fluid mechanics ［M］. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2005. （in Chinese）

第40卷
第9期2019 年9月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.40No.9Sep.2019

[1]	吕映庆，陈南勋，武海军，赵宏远，张雪岩. 弹体高速侵彻超高性能混凝土靶机理[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(1): 37-47.
[2]	宁建国，李钊，马天宝，许香照. 动能弹高速侵彻钢筋混凝土靶时弹丸头部质量侵蚀微观机理[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(9): 1809-1818.
[3]	高飞，张国凯，纪玉国，陈建宇. 卵形弹体超高速侵彻砂浆靶的响应特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(10): 1979-1987.
[4]	张雪岩，武海军，李金柱，皮爱国，黄风雷. 弹体高速侵彻两种强度混凝土靶的对比研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(2): 276-283.
[5]	马坤，李名锐，陈春林，冯娜，赵南，柯明，周刚. 93钨合金弹体超高速撞击钢板破片群分布数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(10): 2022-2031.
[6]	杜佩佩，鲁军勇，冯军红，李湘平. 基于多块结构重叠网格的电磁轨道发射器动态发射过程流场分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(2): 234-244.
[7]	梁志强，田梦，王秋燕，王西彬，周天丰，吴勇波，焦黎. 超声辅助磨削陶瓷材料的裂纹产生与扩展仿真研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2016, 37(5): 895-902.
[8]	米召阳，梁志强，王西彬，周天丰，赵文祥，田梦. 基于光滑粒子流体动力学法单颗磨粒超声辅助磨削陶瓷材料的磨削力仿真研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(6): 1067-1073.
[9]	金学科，余庆波，郑元枫，王海福. 高速侵彻体碰撞子母化学弹头有效载荷毁伤效应[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(3): 437-442.
[10]	宿崇, 丁江民₁，许立₁, 李明高₂. 单颗立方氮化硼磨粒切削特性及工件材料变形行为的微观力学分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2012, 33(4): 425-431.
[11]	武海军，黄风雷，王一楠，段卓平，皮爱国. 高速侵彻混凝土弹体头部侵蚀终点效应实验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2012, 33(1): 48-55.
[12]	李莉，王宪成，韩树，王普凯. 微型垂直基准仪的陀螺动态误差补偿[J]. 兵工学报, 2010, 31(8): 1095-1098.
[13]	何丽灵，陈小伟，夏源明. 侵彻混凝土弹体磨蚀的若干研究进展[J]. 兵工学报, 2010, 31(7): 950-966.
[14]	程兴旺，王富耻，李树奎，王鲁. 不同头部形状长杆弹侵彻过程的数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2007, 28(8): 930-933.
[15]	刘巍，唐乾刚，寇保华，杨涛，张晓今，张青斌，葛健全. 降落伞ー旋转弹系统落速及转速数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2007, 28(11): 1302-1305.