纳米Al/Bi2O3制备和性能及长储研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.08.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用溶液法制备纳米Bi₂O₃颗粒，并用P4VP与Al粉自组装，获得分散均匀的纳米铝热剂Al/Bi₂O₃. 利用X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜（SEM）对其组成和形貌进行表征，运用差示扫描量热仪（DSC)、压力-时间曲线（p-t曲线）分析性能。自组装Al/Bi₂O₃的反应时间为0.036 s，最大压力为4 729 kPa，达到最大气体压力的时间为0.162 s，表现出比Al/Fe₂O₃和Al/CuO反应更为迅速，产气量更大的性能特点。经过加速老化实验，Al和Bi₂O₃接触更紧密但无明显团聚；经老化处理，相当于常温下储存15 a时间，Al表面氧化层厚度由3.2 nm增加到4.6 nm，Al/Bi₂O₃放热量由1 112 J/g逐步降低到606 J/g，Al/Bi₂O₃用于半导体桥发火时间由37.20 ms增加到50.88 ms，发火能量由0.64 mJ增加到1.17 mJ.

关键词: 兵器科学与技术, 纳米Al/Bi2O3, 自组装, 发火性能, 长期储存

Abstract: Nanoparticle bismuth oxide is prepared by a solution method, and then Al/Bi₂O₃ is self-assembled using P4VP. The samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, DSC, and P-t curve. The reaction time of self-assembled Al/Bi₂O₃ is 0.036 s, the maximum pressure is 4 729 kPa, and the time corresponding to the pressure peak is 0.162 s. The results show that Al/Bi₂O₃ has the advantage of rapid reaction over Al/Fe₂O₃ and Al/CuO. After accelerated aging test, aluminium powder and bismuth oxide powder contact with each other more closely without obvious agglomeration. After aging, it is equivalent to store for 15 years at room temperature, the oxide layer thickness of aluminium powder is increased from 3.2 nm to 4.6 nm, Al/Bi₂O₃ heat release is gradually reduced from 1 112 J/g to 606 J/g, the ignition time of semiconductor bridge is increased from 37.20 ms to 50.88 ms, and the ignition energy is increased from 0.64 mJ to 1.17 mJ.

Key words: ordnance science and technology, nano Al/Bi₂O₃, self-assembly, ignition performance, long-term storage

中图分类号:

TG156

黄凡泰，张琳，朱顺官. 纳米Al/Bi₂O₃制备和性能及长储研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(8): 1430-1436.

HUANG Fan-tai, ZHANG Lin, ZHU Shun-guan. PreparationPerformance and Long-term Storage of Nano Al/Bi₂O₃[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(8): 1430-1436.

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纳米Al/Bi₂O₃制备和性能及长储研究

PreparationPerformance and Long-term Storage of Nano Al/Bi₂O₃

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