三维光子晶体红外隐身材料特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2021.0816

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着红外探测技术的飞速发展，红外隐身材料的研制与应用在世界各国受到强烈关注。光子晶体凭借其带隙的可调控性脱颖而出。利用带隙处于红外波段的光子晶体作为表面涂层材料能够有效改变目标的红外辐射特性，实现红外隐身。利用理论和实验验证相结合的方法，对基于胶体基元自组装技术制备蛋白石型光子晶体红外隐身材料进行研究，为新型红外隐身材料的发展提供理论指导和技术支持。根据布拉格衍射定律分别确定带隙处于红外探测仪和红外夜视仪的检测波段（3～5 μm和8～14 μm）的光子晶体胶体基元直径范围，并通过分散聚合法合成1～2.21 μm单分散性良好的聚苯乙烯胶体基元。对垂直自组装法、重力沉降法和层层自组装法3种常用的胶体基元自组装方法进行研究，提出一种恒温水浴烘培法。研究结果表明，采用该方法得到的光子晶体结构规整，带隙范围内红外透射率从80%可降至25%，红外热成像仪测试显示对60 ℃的背景材料红外隐身效果好；该方法具有实验设备和工艺简便、耗时较短（仅3 h）、适用微球种类多、阵列规整有序等优点。

关键词: 光子晶体, 红外隐身, 胶体基元自组装, 光子带隙

Abstract: The development and application of infrared stealth materials have attracted strong attention in the world with the rapid development of infrared detection technology in recent years. Photonic crystals stand out because of the adjustable band gap. Using photonic crystals with band gap in the infrared band as surface coating material can effectively change the infrared radiation characteristics of the target and achieve infrared stealth effect. The physical theory and experimental verification are combined to study the preparation of opal-type photonic crystal infrared stealth materials based on the self-assembly technology of colloidal elements, which provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the development of new infrared stealth materials. According to the Bragg diffraction law, the diameter ranges of the colloidal photonic crystal element with the band gap in the detection bands (3-5 μm and 8-14 μm) of the infrared detector and the infrared night vision device are determined respectively. The 1- 2.21 μm colloidal polystyrene element with good monodispersity is synthesized by dispersion polymerization. Three commonly used colloidal element self-assembly approaches are studied: vertical self-assembly method, gravity sedimentation method and layer-by-layer self-assembly method. A constant-temperature water bath baking method is proposed. The experiments show that the opal-type photonic crystal prepared by this method has regular structure, and the infrared transmittance in the band gap range can be reduced from 80% to 25%. The infrared thermal imager test shows that the background material at 60 ℃ has good infrared stealth effect. The proposed method has the advantages of being applicable to multiple types of microspheres, short preparation period (only 3 h), simple preparation equipment and process, and high array regularity.

Key words: photoniccrystal, infraredstealth, photonicbandgap, colloidalelementself-assembly

中图分类号:

TJ765.5

李仁玢，郭炅，乔宇，孟子晖. 三维光子晶体红外隐身材料特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(8): 1892-1901.

LI Renbin， GUO Jiong， QIAO Yu， MENG Zihui. Properties of Three-dimensional Photonic Crystals as Infrared Stealth Materials[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(8): 1892-1901.

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