椭圆截面柱形炸药爆炸冲击波威力特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0969

兵工学报

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椭圆截面柱形炸药爆炸冲击波威力特性

安骋远^1,2，刘海鹏^1*()，刘彦¹，任炜²

(1. 北京理工大学机电学院, 北京 100081; 2.陕西应用物理化学研究所瞬态化学效应与控制全国重点实验室 , 陕西西安 710061)

收稿日期:2024-10-17 修回日期:2025-01-28
通讯作者: *邮箱：lhp@bit.edu.cn

The Shock Wave Power Characteristics of Elliptical Cross-section Cylindrical Explosives

AN Chengyuan^1,2, LIU Haipeng^1*(), LIU Yan¹, REN Wei²

(1. School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Transient Chemical Effects and Control, Shaanxi Applied Physics-chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710071, Shaanxi, China)

Received:2024-10-17 Revised:2025-01-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究典型椭圆截面柱形炸药在空间中爆炸冲击波特性，开展了变截面柱形炸药在自由场静止爆炸实验，并建立相应的数值模拟模型，通过与实验结果进行对比验证数值模拟的可靠性；开展不同截面形状的柱形炸药在自由场爆炸的数值模拟计算，以探究截面形状对爆炸冲击波威力特性的影响。研究结果表明：椭圆截面柱形装药产生的爆炸冲击波产生与圆截面柱形相似的波系结构，但不同方位角的冲击波传播特性存在差异，短轴方向的超压峰值，最大冲量与冲击波速度均大于长轴方向；对不同长短轴比的椭圆截面炸药，长短轴比越大，这种差异性越明显。通过引入等效半径拟合得到了含有长短轴比作为变量的超压峰值及超压峰值形状因子计算公式，且与数值模拟的结果偏差小于10%。

关键词: 椭圆截面, 冲击波, 威力特性, 数值模拟, 预测模型

Abstract: To explore the characteristics of the explosive shock wave from typical elliptical cross-section cylindrical explosives, a free-field stationary explosion experiment of variable-section cylindrical explosives was conducted, and a corresponding numerical simulation model was established. The reliability of the numerical simulation was verified by comparing it with experimental results. Numerical simulations were also carried out for cylindrical explosives of different cross-sectional shapes in free field explosions to investigate the influence of cross-sectional shape on the characteristics of explosive shock waves. The research results indicate that the explosive shock wave generated by the elliptical cross-section cylindrical charge produces a wave system structure similar to that of a circular cross-section cylinder, but there are differences in the propagation characteristics of the shock wave at different azimuth angles. The peak overpressure, maximum impulse, and shock wave velocity in the short-axis direction are all greater than those in the long-axis direction. For elliptical cross-section explosives with different aspect ratios of length to short axes, the greater the aspect ratio, the more significant this difference becomes. An equivalent radius was introduced to fit and obtain a formula for calculating the peak overpressure and the shape factor of the peak overpressure, which includes the aspect ratio as a variable, with a deviation of less than 10% from the results of numerical simulation.

Key words: elliptical cross-section, blast wave, power characteristics, numerical simulation, computational formula

中图分类号:

O389

安骋远, 刘海鹏, 刘彦, 任炜. 椭圆截面柱形炸药爆炸冲击波威力特性[J]. 兵工学报, doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0969.

AN Chengyuan, LIU Haipeng, LIU Yan, REN Wei. The Shock Wave Power Characteristics of Elliptical Cross-section Cylindrical Explosives[J]. Acta Armamentarii, doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0969.

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椭圆截面柱形炸药爆炸冲击波威力特性

The Shock Wave Power Characteristics of Elliptical Cross-section Cylindrical Explosives

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