多层隔爆结构对威力可控战斗部能量输出的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0201

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现战斗部毁伤威力的可控输出,利用隔爆装置将炸药分隔开,形成一种轴向多层复合装药结构,通过转换3种起爆方式调节爆轰炸药比例,从而实现毁伤威力的3档可控输出。采用数值模拟方法,研究隔爆材料性能及多层介质间阻抗匹配模式对冲击波衰减性能的影响,进而将效果最优的3层隔爆结构应用于威力可控战斗部,并通过仿真和试验验证其3档威力区分度。仿真试验结果表明:隔爆装置所占空间一定时,合理选择隔爆材料组成3层隔爆结构的隔爆性能优于双层隔爆结构,较单层结构有很大提升;对于双层隔爆结构阻抗逆序形式比顺序形式对冲击波的衰减作用更强;3种起爆方式下破片最大初速分别为1500m/s、2000m/s和2300m/s,壳体总能量分别为9.27Terg、26.45Terg和34.87Terg。所提出的3层隔爆结构可有效减少装药空间的浪费,应用于威力可控战斗部后可有效实现3档威力的可控输出且区分度良好,为威力可控战斗部设计提供了重要参考。

关键词: 威力可控战斗部, 多层介质隔爆结构, 冲击波衰减, 起爆方式

Abstract:

To achieve the controllable output of warhead damage power, an explosion-proof device is used to separate the explosives for forming an axial multi-layer composite charge structure. The proportion of detonation explosives is adjusted by converting three detonation methods, thereby achieving three levels of controllable output of damage power. The effects of explosion-proof material properties and impedance matching modes among multiple layers of media on the shock wave attenuation performance is investigated by using the numerical simulation methods. The most effective three-layer explosion-proof structure is then applied to a power controllable warhead, and its three level power differentiation is verified through simulation. When the space occupied by the explosion-proof device is fixed, the explosion-proof performance of three-layer explosion-proof structure made of reasonably selected explosion-proof materials to form is better than that of double-layer explosion-proof structure, which is greatly improved compared to a single-layer structure. For double-layer explosion-proof structure, the inverse form of impedance has a stronger attenuation effect on shock waves compared to the sequential form. The maximum initial velocities of fragments under three detonation methods are 1500m/s, 2000m/s, and 2300m/s, respectively, and the total energy of the shell is 9.27Terg, 26.45Terg, and 34.87Terg, respectively. The proposed three-layer explosion-proof structure can effectively reduce the waste of charge space, and when applied to a power controllable warhead, it can effectively achieve the controllable output of three levels of power with good differentiation, providing important reference for the design of controllable warheads.

Key words: power controllable warhead, multi-layer explosion-proof structure, shock wave attenuation, initiation method

中图分类号:

TJ410

于佳鑫, 李伟兵, 李军宝, 毕伟新, 罗渝松. 多层隔爆结构对威力可控战斗部能量输出的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(S1): 33-42.

YU Jiaxin, LI Weibing, LI Junbao, BI Weixin, LUO Yusong. The Influence of Multi-layer Explosion-proof Structure on the Energy Output of Power Controllable Warhead[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S1): 33-42.

图/表 13

图1 轴向多层复合装药战斗部结构

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of axial multi-layer composite charge warhead structure

表1 炸药JWL状态方程参数

Table 1 JWL equation of state parameters for explosives

材料	ρ/(g·cm³)	炸药爆速/(m·s^-1)	A/Mbar	B/Mbar	R₁	R₂	ω
8701	1.70	8425	8.524	0.1802	4.6	1.3	0.38
钝黑铝	1.823	8270	7.52	0.12	4.4	1.3	0.33

表2 炸药Lee-Tarver状态方程参数

Table 2 Lee-Tarver equation of state parameters for explosives

材料	I	b	a	x	G₁	c	d	y	G₂	e	g	z
8701	4e6	0.667	0.022	7	140	0.667	0.329	2	1000	0.067	0.333	3
钝黑铝	7e11	0.667	0	20	6500	0.667	0.111	1	200	0.333	1.0	3

图2 单一隔爆材料隔爆性能有限元计算模型

Fig.2 Finite element calculation model for the explosion-proof performance of a single explosion-proof material

图3 不同隔爆材料方案下观测点1的压力值

Fig.3 Pressure values of observation point 1 for different explosion-proof materials

图4 双层隔爆结构有限元计算模型

Fig.4 Finite element calculation model of double layer explosion-proof structure

图5 不同隔爆材料组合方案观测点1处压力变化曲线

Fig.5 Variation curves of pressures at observing points in different schemes

图6 3层隔爆结构有限元计算模型

Fig.6 Finite element calculation model of three-layer explosion-proof structure

图7 3层隔爆介质组合方案观测点压力变化情况

Fig.7 Variation curves of pressures at observing points after a three-layer explosion-proof structure

图8 3层隔爆结构威力可控战斗部有限元计算模型

Fig.8 Finite element calculation model for power controllable warhead with a three-layer explosion-proof structure

图9 不同起爆方式下观测点压力变化曲线

Fig.9 Variation curves of pressures at observing points under different detonation methods

图10 不同起爆方式下破片速度分布曲线

Fig.10 Variation curves of fragment velocity at observing points under different detonation methods

图11 不同起爆方式下壳体总能量随时间变化曲线

Fig.11 Variation of total energy of shell over time under different detonation methods

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